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The Black Banner Organisation (Arabic: تنظيم الراية السودة, Tandhīm Al Rāyah Al Sawdāh) was an Iraqi guerrilla organization that battled multinational troops in Iraq. The organization's ideology was believed to be radical Sunni Islamism.
| Black Banner Organization | |
|---|---|
| تنظيم الراية السودة | |
 | |
| Leader | Omar Hadid al Falluji |
| Ideology | Sunni islamism |
| Battles and wars | Iraqi Insurgency |
Organization
editBlack Banners has been identified as the armed battalion of the Secret Islamic Army. The group's leader has been identified as Omar (variant: Umar) Hadid al-Falluji, an Iraqi who is believed to have international militant Islamist links. [1][2] Some U.S. and Iraqi officials believe Hadid was close to Jordanian terrorist leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, whose al-Qaida-linked movement allegedly used Fallujah as a headquarters.[3] A large share of its membership is believed to be composed of non-Iraqi fighters, especially from Syria.
This group was an active member of the Iraqi insurgency, sharing joint control of Falluja with other militant groups, where it imposed strict Sharia law, and was responsible for a number of kidnappings. This included the abduction of three Indians, two Kenyans, and an Egyptian working for a Kuwaiti company operating in Iraq in 2004.[4] The aim was to compel the company to stop its activities in Iraq. The hostages were later released.
Attacks against
editCoalition military officials believe that a campaign of airstrikes against insurgent safehouses and positions in Fallujah seriously disrupted the network of the Black Banner Organization. Omar Hadid is said to have narrowly avoided capture by U.S. forces twice.[5]
References
edit- ^ KyleWOrton (30 January 2017). "The Leader of the Islamic State in the 2004 Fallujah Battles: Umar Hadid". Kyle Orton's Blog. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ "Two locals were core of Fallujah insurgency". NBC News. 24 November 2004. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ "Two locals were core of Fallujah insurgency". NBC News. 24 November 2004. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ MROUE, BASSEM (5 September 2004). "Iraqi militants seek religious edict on kidnapping". Chron. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
- ^ KyleWOrton (30 January 2017). "The Leader of the Islamic State in the 2004 Fallujah Battles: Umar Hadid". Kyle Orton's Blog. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
Sources
edit- http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3713614.stm
- http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?StoryID=20040722-084908-1295r
- http://www.iwpr.net/index.pl?archive/irq/irq_83_1_eng.txt
- https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/27/international/middleeast/27marines.html?pagewanted=2&ei=5094&en=c904464482078c63&hp&ex=1098936000&partner=homepage
- https://web.archive.org/web/20090221182934/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2002097538_realboss22.html
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