Wikipedia

Carles Puigdemont

In this Catalan name, the first or paternal surname is Puigdemont and the second or maternal family name is Casamajó; both are generally joined by the conjunction "i".

Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈkarləs ˌpudʒðəˈmon i ˌkazəməˈʒo] ⓘ; born 29 December 1962) is a Catalan politician and journalist from Spain. He has been the President of Together for Catalonia (Junts) since 2024, having previously held the office from 2020 to 2022.[3] He served as the 130th President of the Government of Catalonia from 2016 to 2017. His government held an independence referendum, which culminated in the unsuccessful Declaration of independence of Catalonia and his his removal from office. He then served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2019 to 2024.

The Right Honourable
Carles Puigdemont
MP
Official portrait, 2016
President of Together for Catalonia
Incumbent
Assumed office
27 October 2024
Preceded byLaura Borràs
In office
9 August 2020 – 4 June 2022
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byLaura Borràs
130th[1] President of the Government of Catalonia
In office
12 January 2016 – 27 October 2017
MonarchFelipe VI
Vice PresidentOriol Junqueras
Preceded byArtur Mas
Succeeded byDirect rule
(Quim Torra from 17 May 2018)
Member of the European Parliament for Spain
In office
2 July 2019[n. 1] – 15 July 2024
Member of the Parliament of Catalonia
Incumbent
Assumed office
10 June 2024
ConstituencyBarcelona
In office
17 January 2018 – 30 July 2018
ConstituencyBarcelona
In office
10 November 2006 – 27 October 2017
ConstituencyGirona
Mayor of Girona
In office
1 July 2011 – 11 January 2016
Preceded byAnna Pagans [ca; es]
Succeeded byAlbert Ballesta i Tura [ca]
Member of the Municipality Council of Girona
In office
11 June 2007 – 11 January 2016
Personal details
Born
Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó

(1962-12-29) 29 December 1962 (age 61)
Amer, Catalonia, Spain
Political partyJunts (since 2020)
Other political
affiliations
Spouse
​
(m. 2000)​
Children2
ResidenceWaterloo, Belgium
Occupation
  • Politician
  • journalist
Signature
Websitewww.carlespuigdemont.cat Edit this at Wikidata

After education in Amer and Girona, he became a journalist in 1982, writing for various local publications and becoming editor-in-chief of El Punt. He was the director of the Catalan News Agency from 1999 to 2002 and the director of Girona's House of Culture from 2002 to 2004. Puigdemont's family were supporters of Catalan independence and Puigdemont became involved in politics as a teenager, joining the nationalist Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC), the predecessor to the PDeCAT, in 1980. He gave up journalism to pursue a career in politics in 2006 when he was elected as a member of the Parliament of Catalonia for the constituency of Girona. He was elected to the Municipality Council of Girona in 2007 and in 2011 he became Mayor of Girona. On 10 January 2016, following an agreement between the Junts pel Sí (JxSí), an electoral alliance led by the CDC, and the Popular Unity Candidacy (CUP), the Parliament of Catalonia elected Puigdemont as the 130th[4] President of the Government of Catalonia.

On 6–7 September 2017, he approved laws permitting an independence referendum and the juridical transition and foundation of a Republic, a legal framework superseding the Spanish Constitution to be put in place if the referendum supported independence. On 1 October 2017, the Catalan independence referendum was held in Catalonia despite the suspension of the laws by the Constitutional Court of Spain.[5] Polling stations were partially closed[6][7] and some saw the use of excessive force by the National Police Corps and Civil Guard.[8] A total 43% of Catalan citizens voted in the referendum, 92% of them supporting independence. The Catalan Parliament declared independence on 27 October 2017 which resulted in the Spanish government imposing direct rule on Catalonia, dismissing Puigdemont and the Catalan government. The Catalan Parliament was dissolved and the 2017 Catalan regional election was held. On 30 October 2017 charges of rebellion, sedition and misuse of public funds were brought against Puigdemont and other members of the Puigdemont Government. Puigdemont, along with others, fled to Belgium and European Arrest Warrants (EAW) were issued against them. At the regional elections held on 21 December 2017, Puigdemont's party, Together for Catalonia, was second, and Catalan secessionists retained a slim majority of seats and 47.6% of votes. Puigdemont called for fresh talks with the then Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy but these were rejected.[9]

Puigdemont remained in Belgium to avoid arrest if he returned to Spain, with this situation being defined as exile by some, self-imposed exile by some others, and also as fugitive from justice.[10][11][12][13][14] On 25 March 2018, he was detained by the Autobahnpolizei (highway patrol) acting on his European Arrest Warrant in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein. He was released on bail, with the state high court deciding he could not be extradited for "rebellion"[15][16][17] as German law does not coincide with Spanish law on the definition thereof, a requirement of his EAW. On 10 July 2018 a Spanish Supreme Court judge suspended him as a deputy in the Catalan parliament.[18] On 12 July 2018, a German court decided that he could be extradited back to Spain for misuse of public funds, but not for the more serious charge of rebellion.[19] Puigdemont's legal team said they would appeal any decision to extradite him.[19] Following the German court decision, on 19 July 2018, Spain dropped the European arrest warrants against Puigdemont and other Catalan officials in self-exile.[20] He was elected as a Member of the European Parliament after the 2019 European Parliament election in Spain. In March 2021, the European Parliament voted to lift his parliamentary immunity.[21] On 23 September 2021, it was reported that he had been arrested by police in Sardinia, Italy, acting on a tip-off and was being asked to be transferred to Spain under the terms of a European arrest warrant.[22] After a night in prison, he was released without any precautionary measures.[23] His parliamentary immunity was restored by European Court of Justice in May 2022.[24]

Early life and family

 
Puigdemont (right) as a child with his elder brother

Puigdemont was born on 29 December 1962 in Amer, a village in the comarca of la Selva in the province of Girona in north-eastern Catalonia, Spain.[25][26] The son of Francesc Xavier Puigdemont i Oliveras, a baker, and Francesc's wife Núria Casamajó i Ruiz, he is the second of eight brothers.[26][27] Puigdemont's maternal grandmother was Andalusian.[28][29] Puigdemont's grandfather, who fought in the Spanish Civil War before fleeing to France, founded the Pastisseria Puigdemont in 1928.[30][31][32] The Puigdemont family still own the bakery located in Amer's main square.[33] Puigdemont's great-grandfather and his uncle Josep Puigdemont were mayors of Amer and were supporters of Catalan independence, as was Puigdemont's father Xavier.[31]

Puigdemont received basic education in Amer before, aged nine, he was sent to study at the Church-run Santa Maria del Collell boarding school in Girona where he was taught in Spanish and "learned to be a fighter".[26][34] At the age of 16 he was already a reporter for the Diari de Girona newspaper, writing articles on football and other news.

As a teenager Puigdemont attended political meetings with his uncle Josep and helped found the Nationalist Youth of Catalonia.[31] In 1980 he joined the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC), a conservative Catalan nationalist political party.[26]

After school Puigdemont joined the University College of Girona to study Catalan philology but dropped out to pursue a career in journalism.[27][31][34] In 1983, aged 21, Puigdemont was involved in a car accident which left him seriously injured and with a slight scar on his face.[27][31][35] It has been suggested that this explains his Beatle haircut but friends deny this.[27][31]

Journalism career

Puigdemont joined the El Punt, a pro-independence Catalan language newspaper, as a journalist in 1982.[26][31][35] He rose through the ranks to become the paper's editor-in-chief.[25] He also wrote a weekly column for the Presència magazine.[25][36] He is a member of the Catalan Journalists Association.

Beginning in 1988, Puigdemont started collecting references about Catalonia in the international press, material that resulted in the publication of the 1994 book Cata... què? Catalunya vista per la premsa internacional ("Cata...what? Catalonia as seen by the foreign press").[36][37] During the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona Puigdemont was a member of an organisation supporting Catalan nationalists detained as part of "Operation Garzón".

In the 1990s Puigdemont took a year off work to study linguistic policies elsewhere in Europe.[31] As a result, he started working on application of new technologies in the provision of news and founded the Catalan News Agency (ACN) which was established by the Generalitat de Catalunya in 1999.[25][31] Puigdemont also founded Catalonia Today, an English-language magazine.[25][38] Puigdemont was director of ACN until 2002, when the then-president of the Diputació de Girona, Carles Pàramo, offered him the position of director of the Girona cultural centre, the Casa de Cultura, a position he held until 2004.[36]

Political career

 
Protest against the trial of Artur Mas, Joana Ortega and Irene Rigau on 6 February 2017

Puigdemont left journalism to devote himself fully to politics in 2006 when the Convergence and Union (CiU) electoral alliance invited him to be a candidate for the Parliament of Catalonia.[39] Puigdemont contested the 2006 regional election as a CiU candidate in the Province of Girona and was elected.[40] He was re-elected at the 2010, 2012 and 2015 regional elections, the latter as a Junts pel Sí (JxSí) electoral alliance candidate.[41][42][43]

Puigdemont contested the 2007 local elections as a CiU candidate in Girona and was elected but the CiU remained in opposition.[44] At the 2011 local elections, in which Puigdemont was re-elected, the CiU ended the Socialists's 32-year rule in Girona.[25][45] Puigdemont became Mayor of Girona.[31][46] He was re-elected at the 2015 local elections.[47] He was a member of executive committee of the Association of Municipalities for Independence and in July 2015 succeeded Josep Maria Vila d'Abadal as its chair.[25][36][48]

Following a last-minute agreement between pro-Catalan independence parties Junts pel Sí and Popular Unity Candidacy to replace Artur Mas due in part to the various alleged cases of corruption and the austerity cuts under his government,[49][50] Puigdemont was elected the 130th [disputed – discuss][verification needed][51][52][25][36][53][54][55][56] President of Catalonia on 10 January 2016.[27][36][57][58] He resigned as Mayor of Girona on 11 January 2016 as no-one is allowed to be a regional president and a municipal mayor at the same time.[59] He was the first president of Catalonia to refuse to take the oath of loyalty to the Spanish constitution and the Spanish monarch.[25]

Constitutional crisis

 
Puigdemont addresses a crowd following the Catalan declaration of independence on 27 October 2017
Main articles: Catalan declaration of independence and 2017–18 Spanish constitutional crisis

In June 2017 Puigdemont announced that the Catalan independence referendum would be held on 1 October 2017.[60][61] The Catalan Parliament passed legislation on 6 September 2017 authorising the referendum which would be binding and based on a simple majority without a minimum threshold.[62][63] The following day, the Constitutional Court of Spain suspended the legislation, blocking the referendum.[64][65] The Spanish government put into effect Operation Anubis in order to disrupt the organisation of the referendum and arrested Catalan government officials.[66][67] Despite this the referendum went ahead though it was boycotted by opponents of secessionism[68] and turnout was only 43%.[69][70] Among those who voted 92% supported independence.[71][72] Around 900 people were injured as the Spanish police used violence to try to prevent voting in the referendum.[73][74][75]

On 27 October 2017 the Catalan Parliament declared independence in a vote boycotted by opposition MPs.[76][77] Almost immediately the Senate of Spain invoked article 155 of the constitution, dismissing Puigdemont and the Catalan government and imposing direct rule on Catalonia.[78][79] The following day Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy dissolved the Catalan Parliament and called for fresh regional elections on 21 December 2017.[80][81] On 30 October 2017 Spanish Attorney General José Manuel Maza laid charges of rebellion, sedition and misuse of public funds at the Audiencia Nacional against Puigdemont and other members of the Catalan government.[82][83] The charges carry maximum sentences of 30, 15 and 6 years in prison respectively.[84]

Puigdemont and five other Catalan ministers (Dolors Bassa, Meritxell Borrás, Antoni Comín, Joaquim Forn and Meritxell Serret) arrived in Belgium on 30 October 2017.[85][86] According to Spanish media the group had driven to Marseille shortly after the charges were laid before the Audiencia Nacional and from there flown to Brussels.[87][88] Puigdemont claimed that he had gone to "the capital of Europe" to speak from a position of "freedom and safety" and that he would not return to Spain unless he was guaranteed a fair trial.[89][90][91] Earlier Belgium's Secretary of State for Asylum, Migration and Administrative Simplification Theo Francken had stated that the prospect of Puigdemont being granted asylum was "not unrealistic".[92][93]

Move to Belgium

 
Protest march in Barcelona in support of Puigdemont on 15 April 2018

On 3 November 2017 a Spanish judge issued European Arrest Warrants against Comín, Clara Ponsatí i Obiols, Lluís Puig, Puigdemont and Serret after they failed to attend a high court hearing in Madrid the previous day.[94][95][96] On 5 November 2017 the five politicians, accompanied by their lawyers, surrendered to the Belgian police, but after a ten-hour hearing a Belgian judge released them all on bail.[97][98][99] They were ordered not to leave Belgium without permission and had to provide details of their accommodation.[100] On 5 December 2017 the Supreme Court of Spain withdrew the European Arrest Warrant (EAW) against Puigdemont and four others stating that EAW were not valid for alleged crimes committed by a wider group of people, e.g. the Catalan government.[101][102] But judge Pablo Llarena [ca] warned that the national arrest warrants remain valid, meaning that the group risked arrest if they returned to Spain.[103][104]

Catalan elections

 
Puigdemont attending a memorial for the bombing of Guernica in Berlin on 26 April 2018

While remaining self-exiled,[13][14] Puigdemont contested the 2017 regional election as a Together for Catalonia (JuntsxCat) electoral alliance candidate in the Province of Barcelona and was re-elected to Parliament.[105] At the election Catalan secessionists retained a slim majority in the Catalan Parliament.[106][107] After the election Puigdemont called for new unconditional talks with the Spanish government and that he was willing to meet Rajoy outside of Spain.[108][109] Rajoy rejected the offer, saying that he was only willing to speak with the leader of the Catalan government, whom he considered to be Inés Arrimadas, leader of the unionist Citizens, the largest single party in the Catalan Parliament.[110][111]

On 23 February 2018, Puigdemont's portrait was ordered to be removed from Santiago Sierra's “Contemporary Spanish Political Prisoners” exhibition in Madrid.[112]

On 1 March 2018, Puigdemont was hoping to be selected by the Catalan Parliament as President of Catalonia again, but the Catalan Parliament heeded warnings from Spain's judiciary and postponed the session in which Puigdemont could be selected. Subsequently, Puigdemont announced that he was no longer seeking re-election as leader of Catalonia.[113][114] Later he announced the creation of a government-in-exile organization named "Council of the Republic".[115][116]

Arrest in Germany

On 25 March 2018, while returning to Brussels from a trip to Finland, Puigdemont was stopped in Germany near the Danish border and arrested pursuant to the European warrant that had been reissued against him two days previously.[117][118][119] On 5 April 2018, the Oberlandesgericht (Higher State Court) in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein ruled that Puigdemont would not be extradited on charges of rebellion, and released him on bail while deliberating about the extradition on charges of misuse of public funds.[120][121][122] According to that decision, Puigdemont was required to report to police once a week and could not leave Germany without permission of the public prosecutor.[123]

After his release, Puigdemont called on Spain's government to release Catalan separatists from imprisonment and establish a dialog with them.[124]

On 12 July 2018 the higher court in Schleswig-Holstein confirmed that Puigdemont could not be extradited by the crime of rebellion, but may still be extradited based on charges of misuse of public funds.[121] Puigdemont's legal team said they would appeal any decision to extradite him.[19] Ultimately, though, Spain dropped its European arrest warrant, ending the extradition attempt.[20] Puigdemont was once again free to travel, and chose to return to Belgium.

In January 2019 Puigdemont filed a constitutional application for amparo directed against the president of the Catalan parliament, Roger Torrent and the Board of the Chamber. The complaint, presented to the Spanish Constitutional Court, argued Puigdemont had been denied the use of his political rights as Torrent did not allow him to delegate his vote from Belgium after Puigdemont's criminal indictment and suspension of his parliamentary condition by Supreme Court judge Pablo Llarena.[125]

Following the April 2019 arrest of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange inside the Ecuadorian Embassy in London, Puigdemont said that "Human rights, and especially freedom of expression, are under attack once again in Europe."[126]

European elections

Puigdemont was placed first on the Lliures per Europa [es] list for the 2019 European Parliament election in Spain and he was elected member of the European Parliament. However, he refused to attend the act of observance of the Spanish Constitution before the Junta Electoral Central in Madrid, a requirement to acquire a certificate as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP).[127] The consequential absence of Puigdemont and Toni Comín in the list of certificated Spanish MEPs was communicated to them by the president of the European Parliament Antonio Tajani through a letter; the letter also explained that, therefore, he could not address them as MEPs.[128] Puigdemont and Comín filed a request before the General Court of the European Union asking for precautionary measures against the decision of the European Parliament, which was dismissed.[129] He spent much of the inaugural session of the European Parliament on 2 July 2019 in the German city of Kehl, across the Rhine from the seat of the European Parliament in the city of Strasbourg, located on French soil and avoided by Puigdemont.[130] Judge Pablo Llarena has reactivated a detention order of Puigdemont both in Europe and also reactivated an international detention order of Puigdemont in October 2019.[131]

 
Puigdemont and Comín attending the EP session on 13 January 2020

On 20 December 2019, Puigdemont was accredited as an MEP after a ruling from the European Court of Justice said that he was permitted to take on his role as MEP.[132]

Puigdemont and Comín attended their first EP session on 13 January 2020 as non-attached members. Puigdemont's first intervention dealt with a defense of the right of self-determination.[133] Both MEPs asked to join the Greens–European Free Alliance (EU parliament party political group); co-president Philippe Lamberts acknowledged the group considered the request a "problem" for them and, while entertaining internal debate in order to decide on the issue, Lamberts deemed the most logical outcome would be for them to join the group to which "their best Belgian friends" (the N-VA) belong.[134] Also in January 2020, Spanish Supreme Court judge Manuel Marchena proceeded to file an application before EP President David Sassoli in order to revoke the immunity of Puigdemont and Comín.[135]

Later in January 2020, just hours before the scheduled internal vote among the Greens/ALE MEPs on the request filed by Puigdemont and Comín to join the Greens/ALE group, both Puigdemont and Comín withdrew their application.[136]

On 30 April 2021, Morocco granted Puigdemont asylum. According to a source from the Moroccan foreign ministry, the decision was made in due to "the principle of reciprocity to host the Catalan independence leader" after Sahrawi President Brahim Ghali was allowed to go to Spain to get treated for COVID-19.[137]

Arrest in Italy

On 23 September 2021, Puigdemont was arrested at the Alghero–Fertilia Airport by the Italian police after getting off a flight from Brussels.[138] The arrest took place following a Spanish Supreme Court European Arrest Warrant issued in 2019. At a court hearing the day after his arrest, he was released without any precautionary measures, in line with the Italian prosecutor's request.[139][140] The purpose of the trip was to meet with Algheresi authorities and Sardinian separatist and at the same time to attend the Aplec International in Adifolk which was to take place in the "Barceloneta of Sardinia" between 24 and 26 September.[141]

The announcement of the arrest prompted Puigdemont to regain a prominent role and to be at the centre of the Catalan political scene. One day after his release, during a press conference Puigdemont announced that he would attend an oral hearing scheduled to take place on 4 October in the Sassari court, together with his lawyer Gonzalo Boye.[138][142]

Return to Spain

On 8 August 2024, Puigdemont made a return to Spain after seven years in self-imposed exile in Belgium,[143] delivering a defiant speech at the Arc de Triomf in Barcelona advocating for Catalonia's right to self-determination before quickly disappearing, sparking a large-scale police operation. "Holding a referendum is not and will never be a crime," Puigdemont stated, before disappearing among the crowds.[144] The Catalan police set up roadblocks and arrested an officer whose car was reportedly used in Puigdemont's escape, raising questions about the force's involvement. This incident coincided with the investiture of Salvador Illa as the new Catalan president, marking a shift in the region's political focus from sovereignty to social issues. Puigdemont's reappearance and subsequent disappearance have further complicated the political landscape, drawing sharp criticism from opposition leaders who view the event as damaging to Spain's image. Alberto Núñez Feijóo described Puigdemont's stunt as "an unbearable humiliation", and Santiago Abascal from Vox described it as "the destruction of the state beamed live on Spanish television".[145]

Ideology and positions

One of the founders of the youth organization of the right-of-centre Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) in the province of Girona, Puigdemont has associated himself since then with the most staunchly pro-independence faction in the party.[146] His tenure as mayor in Girona was characterised by liberal economic policies.[146]

In 2017, Puigdemont considered the European Union (EU) to be a "club of decadent and obsolescent countries" that was "controlled by a small few", also suggesting that Catalonia should be allowed to vote on its exit from the EU if Catalans wanted it.[147] Although he openly supports the EU and euro, he has supported the idea that "we should work to change it".[148] He has rejected an EU which does not protect human rights and the right of representation.[149] He has denied being "europhobic", and he has referred to himself and his party not as eurosceptic but as "euro-demanding".[150]

On 17 February 2022, days before the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Puigdemont did not support the package of measures designed to aid Ukraine, as issued by the European Parliament.[151] Some of Puigdemont's aides were previously reported to have links with the Kremlin,[152] including with Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov. In September 2021, the European Parliament, which had previously lifted the parliamentary immunity of Puigdemont, launched a deeper investigation into the possible criminal implications of such contacts. No conclusive evidence has been presented.[153]

In May 2024, Puigdemont pointed to the fact that Spain had decided to recognize Palestine but not Kosovo, "a country with which the European Union has diplomatic relations". He also accused Spain of helping Turkey "to suppress the Kurds". Puigdemont said that "Above all, Spain is the country that suppressed the democratic referendum of Catalonia" on 1 October 2017.[154]

Personal life

 
President Puigdemont walking through Barcelona with his daughters on Saint George's Day

Puigdemont married Romanian journalist Marcela Topor in 2000.[36][155] They have two daughters, Magali and Maria, and live in Girona.[38][155] He speaks Catalan, English, French, Romanian and Spanish.[31][35] Puigdemont is a supporter of Girona FC and FC Barcelona and plays rock guitar and the electric piano.[156][36][157][158] As a teenager Puigdemont played bass in a short-lived Catalan rock band formed about 1980.[158]

On 2 February 2018, the Belgian commune of Waterloo confirmed that he had rented a villa and planned to establish his official residence there.[159]

Electoral history

 
President Puigdemont, Prime Minister Rajoy and King Felipe VI attending the Barcelona rally in response to terror attacks in August 2017
Electoral history of Carles Puigdemont
Election Constituency Party Alliance No. Result
2006 regional[40] Province of Girona Democratic Convergence of Catalonia Convergence and Union 6 Elected
2007 local[44] Municipality of Girona Democratic Convergence of Catalonia Convergence and Union 1 Elected
2010 regional[41] Province of Girona Democratic Convergence of Catalonia Convergence and Union 6 Elected
2011 local[45] Municipality of Girona Democratic Convergence of Catalonia Convergence and Union 1 Elected
2012 regional[42] Province of Girona Democratic Convergence of Catalonia Convergence and Union 3 Elected
2015 local[47] Municipality of Girona Democratic Convergence of Catalonia Convergence and Union 1 Elected
2015 regional[43] Province of Girona Democratic Convergence of Catalonia Junts pel Sí 3 Elected
2017 regional[105] Province of Barcelona Catalan European Democratic Party Together for Catalonia 1 Elected
2019 European[160] Spain National Call for the Republic Together for Catalonia 1 Elected
2024

Regional

Province of Barcelona Together for Catalonia 1 Elected

References

Informational notes
  1. ^ After ECJ ruling in late 2019 on the status of Oriol Junqueras. He initiated the proceedings to formally obtain the MEP seat in December 2019.[2] He attended his first session in January 2020.
Citations
  1. ^ "Presidents of the Generalitat". catalangovernment.eu. Generalitat de Catalunya. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  2. ^ "Puigdemont inicia los trámites para recoger su acta de eurodiputado en el Parlamento Europeo". Cope. 20 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  3. ^ Rovira, Marc (27 October 2024). "Puigdemont vuelve a la presidencia de Junts y llama a ocupar la "centralidad" para recuperar el poder". El País (in Spanish). Calella. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  4. ^ Heckle, Harold (10 January 2016). "Spain: Catalonia parliament to vote for new region". Business Insider. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2019. Puigdemont was voted in as Catalonia's 130th president in a 70-63 vote, with two abstentions in the 135-seat chamber.
  5. ^ La Vanguardia. "El Constitucional suspende el referéndum del 1-O y apercibe a los cargos independentistas" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  6. ^ "Los Mossos aseguran que impidieron el voto en 99 colegios electorales el 1 de octubre" (in Spanish). El Pais. 11 October 2017. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  7. ^ Grierson, Jamie (30 September 2017). "Police close voting centres before Catalan referendum". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  8. ^ "Spain: Police Used Excessive Force in Catalonia". Human Rights Watch. 12 October 2017. Archived from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  9. ^ "Catalan president accuses Mariano Rajoy of ignoring call for talks". the Guardian. 12 October 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  10. ^ "Exiled Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont ordered to return for re-election". The Telegraph. 28 January 2018. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  11. ^ "Catalonia Separatists Support Re-Election of Exiled Leader Puigdemont". The Wall Street Journal. 10 January 2018. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  12. ^ "Catalonia's Separatists: In Exile. In Jail. In Power?". The New York Times. 5 January 2018. Archived from the original on 15 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  13. ^ a b "Fugitive Catalan leader denies giving up independence bid after text messages saying 'battle is over'". The Independent. 31 January 2018. Archived from the original on 11 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  14. ^ a b "Exiled Catalan leader rents £4,000-a-month house in Belgium, fuelling rumours he won't go home". The Telegraph. 2 February 2018. Archived from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  15. ^ "Carles Puigdemont: Former Catalan president 'detained'". BBC. 25 March 2018. Archived from the original on 25 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  16. ^ Burgen, Stephen; Oltermann, Philip (25 March 2018). "Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont held by German police". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 25 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  17. ^ "Puigdemont, detenido por la policía alemana cuando entraba desde Dinamarca". El Mundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 March 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  18. ^ Llarena cierra el sumario del 'procés' y suspende como diputados a Puigdemont y Junqueras Archived 15 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine Published by El País, July 10, 2018, retrieved July 10, 2018
  19. ^ a b c Oltermann, Philip (12 July 2018). "Carles Puigdemont can be extradited to Spain, German court rules". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  20. ^ a b "Catalan case: Spain drops warrant against Puigdemont". BBC News. 19 July 2018. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  21. ^ "Puigdemont: 'Sad day' for democracy as MEPs vote to lift immunity". euronews. 9 March 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  22. ^ Casey, Nicholas (23 September 2021). "Catalan Separatist Leader, Carles Puigdemont, Is Arrested in Italy". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  23. ^ "Catalan exile Puigdemont freed by Italian court". BBC News. 24 September 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
  24. ^ "EU court reinstates MEP immunity of Catalonia's Carles Puigdemont". euronews. 24 May 2022. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Who is Catalan President Carles Puigdemont?". Al Jazeera. Doha, Qatar. 4 November 2017. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  26. ^ a b c d e "Ousted Catalan President Puigdemont scores comeback in latest election". The Japan Times. Tokyo, Japan. Agence France-Presse. 22 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  27. ^ a b c d e Longbottom, Wil (29 October 2017). "Rajoy vs Puigdemont: A profile of two leaders". Sky News. London, UK. Archived from the original on 29 October 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  28. ^ "La abuela andaluza de Carles Puigdemont". Intereconomía. 14 September 2017. Archived from the original on 27 December 2017. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  29. ^ "Los 4 apellidos andaluces de Puigdemont: el abuelo que se casó con la charnega". El Español. 16 September 2017. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  30. ^ Beals, Gregory (19 October 2017). "The Catalan President: A Small-Town Boy Who Could Destroy Europe". The Daily Beast. New York, US. Archived from the original on 31 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Hennessy-Fiske, Molly; Badcock, James (25 October 2017). "Up against Spain's government, can Catalonia's president stick to his dream of independence?". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, US. Archived from the original on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  32. ^ Martin, Nicolas (13 October 2017). "Catalonia's Carles Puigdemont: 'Puigdi's' deep political roots". Deutsche Welle. Bonn, Germany. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  33. ^ McLaughlin, Erin; Rebaza, Claudia (10 October 2017). "Catalan President Puigdemont has 'independence at his core'". CNN. Atlanta, US. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
  34. ^ a b Jackson, Patrick (22 December 2017). "Carles Puigdemont: The man who wants to break up Spain". BBC News. London, UK. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  35. ^ a b c "Carles Puigdemont: freedom fighter or the enemy within". Euronews. Lyon, France. 10 October 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g h Leadbetter, Russell (1 October 2017). "Scourge of Madrid: the guitar-playing president of Catalonia". The Herald. Glasgow, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  37. ^ "La Campana Editorial – Cata...què?". La Campana Editorial (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 24 September 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  38. ^ a b Cook, Jesselyn (21 October 2017). "Who Is Carles Puigdemont, Leader Of Catalonia's Controversial Independence Movement?". HuffPost UK. London. UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  39. ^ "Puigdemon'ts profile as a MP". Parlament de Catalunya (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 9 January 2016.
  40. ^ a b "Eleccions al Parlament de Catalunya 2006: Candidats electes" (PDF) (in Catalan). Departament de Governació, Administracions Públiques i Habitatge, Generalitat de Catalunya. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 January 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  41. ^ a b "Eleccions al Parlament de Catalunya 2010: Candidats electes" (PDF) (in Catalan). Departament de Governació, Administracions Públiques i Habitatge, Generalitat de Catalunya. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 January 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  42. ^ a b "Eleccions al Parlament de Catalunya 2012: Candidats electes" (PDF) (in Catalan). Departament de Governació, Administracions Públiques i Habitatge, Generalitat de Catalunya. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  43. ^ a b "Eleccions al Parlament de Catalunya 2015: Candidats electes" (PDF) (in Catalan). Departament de Governació, Administracions Públiques i Habitatge, Generalitat de Catalunya. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  44. ^ a b "Consulta de Resultados Electorales: Municipales / Mayo 2007 – Mun. Girona" (in Spanish). Madrid, Spain: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 26 March 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  45. ^ a b "Consulta de Resultados Electorales: Municipales / Mayo 2011 – Mun. Girona" (in Spanish). Madrid, Spain: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 26 March 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  46. ^ "Carles Puigdemont (CiU) serà el nou alcalde de Girona i acaba amb 32 anys d'hegemonia del PSC". Ara.cat (in Catalan). 22 May 2011. Archived from the original on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  47. ^ a b "Consulta de Resultados Electorales: Municipales / Mayo 2015 – Mun. Girona" (in Spanish). Madrid, Spain: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 26 March 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  48. ^ March, Oriol (27 December 2015). "La refundació de CDC passa pels alcaldes". Ara. p. 22.
  49. ^ "El 'no' de la CUP condena a Artur Mas a irse o convocar nuevas elecciones". El Mundo. 4 January 2016. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  50. ^ "Así fiscaliza la CUP la corrupción de CDC". Crónica Global. 3 April 2017. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  51. ^ "The Puigdemont factor". Politico Europe. Archived from the original on 28 February 2019. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  52. ^ "La "mentira" de los 131 presidentes de la Generalitat". El País. 20 May 2018. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  53. ^ Zach, Paul (9 October 2017). "Priorities of Catalan leader Puigdemont: Independence and independence". The Straits Times. Singapore. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  54. ^ Ghosh, Agamoni (11 January 2016). "Spain: Mariano Rajoy vows unity as Catalonia elects Carles Puigdemont as president". International Business Times. New York, US. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  55. ^ "Carles Puigdemont: This is not just about Catalonia. This is about democracy itself Carles Puigdemont". The Guardian. London, UK. 6 November 2017. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  56. ^ Puigdemont, Carles (22 September 2017). "Sorry, Spain. Catalonia is voting on independence whether you like it or not". The Washington Post. Washington, DC, US. Archived from the original on 4 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  57. ^ "Carles Puigdemont, de alcalde de Girona a president de la Generalitat" [Carles Puigdemont, from mayor of Girona to president of the Generalitat]. La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 9 January 2016. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
  58. ^ "The parties in Catalonia have reached an agreement to form an independentist government". Vilaweb. 9 January 2016. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  59. ^ "Puigdemont renuncia a la alcaldía de Girona tras ser investido President". La Sexta (in Spanish). 11 January 2016. Archived from the original on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  60. ^ Dowsett, Sonya (9 June 2017). "Catalonia calls October referendum on independence from Spain". Reuters. London, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  61. ^ "Tensions grow in Spain as Catalonia independence referendum confirmed". The Daily Telegraph. London, UK. 9 June 2017. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  62. ^ "Catalonia's lawmakers give nod to independence referendum". Deutsche Welle. Bonn, Germany. 6 September 2017. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  63. ^ Mortimer, Caroline (1 October 2017). "Catalan independence referendum: '844 injured in clashes with police', says regional government". The Independent. London, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  64. ^ "Spain's constitutional court suspends Catalan referendum law: court source". Reuters. London, UK. 7 September 2017. Archived from the original on 14 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  65. ^ Strange, Hannah (7 September 2017). "Spain's constitutional court suspends Catalan referendum law". The Daily Telegraph. London, UK. Archived from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  66. ^ Jones, Sam; Burgen, Stephen (21 September 2017). "Spain crisis: 'stop this radicalism and disobedience,' PM tells Catalan leaders". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  67. ^ Castillo, Raquel; Edwards, Sam (20 September 2017). "Spanish police raid Catalan government to halt banned referendum". Reuters. London, UK. Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  68. ^ Minder, Raphael (26 September 2017). "Crisis in Catalonia: The Independence Vote and Its Fallout". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 16 June 2018.
  69. ^ "Catalonia's bid for independence from Spain explained". BBC News. London, UK. 22 December 2017. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  70. ^ Jones, Sam; Burgen, Stephen (2 October 2017). "Catalan leader calls for mediation with Spain over independence". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  71. ^ "Catalan crisis: Spain's Rajoy vows to end 'separatist havoc'". BBC News. London, UK. 12 November 2017. Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  72. ^ McGuinness, Alan (11 October 2017). "Spain calls emergency meeting after Catalonia declares independence". Sky News. London, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  73. ^ "Catalonia referendum: Madrid representative apologises for police violence during vote". ABC News. Sydney, Australia. Reuters. 6 October 2017. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  74. ^ Child, David (3 October 2017). "Catalan vote: Claims of Spanish police brutality probed". Al Jazeera. Doah, Qatar. Archived from the original on 29 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  75. ^ "Catalan referendum: Catalonia has 'won right to statehood'". BBC News. London, UK. 2 October 2017. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  76. ^ "Catalans declare independence as Madrid imposes direct rule". BBC News. London, UK. 27 October 2017. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  77. ^ "Catalonia declares independence as Spain prepares to impose direct rule". The Independent. London, UK. 27 October 2017. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  78. ^ Jones, Sam; Burgen, Stephen; Graham-Harrison, Emma (28 October 2017). "Spain dissolves Catalan parliament and calls fresh elections". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  79. ^ Burgess, Sanya (27 October 2017). "Catalan votes for independence as Madrid approves direct rule". The National. Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  80. ^ "Catalonia independence: Rajoy dissolves Catalan parliament". BBC News. London, UK. 28 October 2017. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  81. ^ Smith-Spark, Laura; Rebaza, Claudia (28 October 2017). "Catalonia government dissolved after declaring independence from Spain". CNN. Atlanta, US. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  82. ^ "Charges of rebellion and sedition called for by Spain's attorney general against Puigdemont and other Catalan officials". The Local. Stockholm, Sweden. 1 November 2017. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  83. ^ Newton, Creede (30 October 2017). "Spain prosecutor files charges against Catalan leaders". Al Jazeera. Doha, Qatar. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  84. ^ Baynes, Chris (30 October 2017). "Catalonia independence: Spanish state prosecutor says Catalan leaders will be charged with rebellion, sedition and misuse of public funds". The Independent. London, UK. Archived from the original on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  85. ^ "Catalan independence: Carles Puigdemont in Belgium, lawyer says". BBC News. London, UK. 31 October 2017. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  86. ^ Stone, Jon (30 October 2017). "Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont has fled the country amid rebellion charges". The Independent. London, UK. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  87. ^ Jones, Sam (31 October 2017). "Catalan leaders facing rebellion charges flee to Belgium". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  88. ^ "Catalonian leader Carles Puigdemont flees to Belgium amid accusations of sedition from Spain". ABC News. Sydney, Australia. 31 October 2017. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  89. ^ Stone, Jon (31 October 2017). "Carles Puigdemont says he can't return to Catalonia because Spain is intent on 'vengeance'". The Independent. London, UK. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  90. ^ Erlanger, Steven; Minder, Raphael (31 October 2017). "From Brussels, the Deposed Leader of Catalonia Pleads With a Wary Europe". The New York Times. New York, US. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  91. ^ Crisp, James (31 October 2017). "Ex-Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont: 'I am not seeking asylum'". The Daily Telegraph. London, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  92. ^ "'Not unrealistic' for Catalan leader to get asylum in Belgium: minister". Reuters. London, UK. 29 October 2017. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  93. ^ "Asylum for Carles Puigdemont in Belgium 'not unrealistic'". Sky News. London, UK. 29 October 2017. Archived from the original on 27 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  94. ^ "Catalonia crisis: Spain issues warrant for Puigdemont". BBC News. London, UK. 3 November 2017. Archived from the original on 3 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  95. ^ Jones, Sam; Boffey, Daniel (3 November 2017). "European arrest warrant issued for ex-Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 20 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  96. ^ Minder, Raphael; Schreuer, Milan (3 November 2017). "Spain Issues Arrest Warrant for Ousted Catalan Leader". The New York Times. New York, US. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  97. ^ Schreuer, Milan (5 November 2017). "Puigdemont and Other Catalonia Separatists Report to Belgian Police". The New York Times. New York, US. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  98. ^ "Catalonia ex-officials surrender to Belgian police". BBC News. London, UK. 5 November 2017. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  99. ^ Boffey, Daniel (5 November 2017). "Carles Puigdemont bailed pending Brussels ruling". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  100. ^ "Catalonia ex-officials freed by Belgian judge". BBC News. London, UK. 6 November 2017. Archived from the original on 6 November 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  101. ^ Stone, Jon (5 December 2017). "Spain withdraws international arrest warrant for ousted Catalan president Carles Puigdemont". The Independent. London, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  102. ^ "Spanish court withdraws arrest warrant for ousted Catalan leader". CNN. Atlanta, US. 5 December 2017. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  103. ^ Burgen, Stephen; Boffey, Daniel (5 December 2017). "Spanish judge withdraws arrest warrant for Carles Puigdemont". The Guardian. London, UK. Archived from the original on 27 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  104. ^ "Spain withdraws European arrest warrant for Puigdemont". Al Jazeera. Doha, Qatar. 5 December 2017. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  105. ^ a b "Eleccions al Parlament de Catalunya 2017: Composició del Parlament" (in Catalan). Generalitat de Catalunya. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  106. ^ Jackson, Russell (22 December 2017). "Catalan independence supporters win majority in election". The Scotsman. Edinburgh, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  107. ^ Parra, Aritz; Giles, Ciaran (21 December 2017). "Catalan secessionist parties win slim majority in regional parliament". Toronto Star. Toronto, Canada. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  108. ^ "Catalan leader Puigdemont urges Madrid to start talks after separatists' election win". Euronews. Lyon, France. 22 December 2017. Archived from the original on 27 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  109. ^ "Catalonia election: Puigdemont calls for talks with Spain". BBC News. London, UK. 22 December 2017. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  110. ^ Sengupta, Kim (22 December 2017). "Catalonia election: Mariano Rajoy rejects call for talks outside Spain from Carles Puigdemont". The Independent. London, UK. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  111. ^ "Fugitive former Catalan leader's call for talks with Madrid rejected by PM Rajoy". South China Morning Post. Hong Kong, China. Agence France-Presse, Associated Press. 22 December 2017. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  112. ^ Minder, Raphael (21 February 2018). "Spanish Artwork Denounced Political 'Persecution.' It Was Ordered Removed". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  113. ^ Kingsley, Patrick; Minder, Raphael (1 March 2018). "Carles Puigdemont Abandons Bid for Catalonia Presidency". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  114. ^ Hume, Tim (2 March 2018). "Catalonia's exiled leader drops bid to be president again". Vice News. Archived from the original on 12 May 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  115. ^ Piñol, Àngels; Baquero, Camilo S. (2 March 2018). "Catalan separatists want to create symbolic institutions in Brussels". El País. Archived from the original on 23 November 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  116. ^ Madrid, Owen Bowcott Sam Jones in (2 March 2018). "Exclusive: Puigdemont vows to lead Catalan government in exile". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  117. ^ "Fugitive former Catalan president Carles Puigdemont arrested in Germany". The Independent. 25 March 2018. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  118. ^ "Catalonia ex-leader Carles Puigdemont arrested in Germany". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 24 June 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  119. ^ Carles Puigdemont Is Arrested in Germany, Drawing E.U. Giant Into Catalan Fight Archived 9 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine, nytimes.com, 25 March 2018
  120. ^ what was requested by the public prosecutor for Schleswig-Holstein on 3 April 2018 (see "German prosecutors seek extradition of Catalonia's Carles Puigdemont" Archived 5 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine, dw.com, 3 April 2018).
  121. ^ a b "Germany refuses to extradite Catalonia's Puigdemont on rebellion charges". The Independent. 5 April 2018. Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  122. ^ Welt (5 April 2018). "Oberlandesgericht: Kataloniens Ex-Präsident Carles Puigdemont kommt unter Auflagen frei". Die Welt (in German). Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  123. ^ "Puigdemont kommt unter Auflagen frei" Archived 5 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine, noz.de, 5 April 2018 (in German)
  124. ^ "Leaving jail, Puigdemont calls for dialogue with Madrid". Reuters. 6 April 2018. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
  125. ^ Puente, Arturo; Cortijo, Gonzalo (21 January 2019). "Puigdemont lleva a Torrent y la Mesa del Parlament ante el Constitucional por retirarle la delegación de voto". eldiario.es. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2019.
  126. ^ "Edward Snowden, Rafael Correa Condemn Julian Assange Arrest: 'This Is a Dark Moment for Press Freedom'". Newsweek. 11 April 2019. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  127. ^ "La Justicia española mantiene vacantes los escaños de Puigdemont y Comín en la Eurocámara". EuroEFE. 27 June 2019. Archived from the original on 4 July 2019. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  128. ^ Sánchez, Álvaro (28 June 2019). "Tajani responde a Puigdemont que la entrega del acta de eurodiputado depende de España". El País. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  129. ^ "La Justicia europea desestima la petición de Puigdemont y Comín para asumir como eurodiputados". EuroEfe. 1 July 2019. Archived from the original on 4 July 2019. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  130. ^ García, Luis B.; López, María-Paz (2 July 2019). "Puigdemont y Comín evitan pisar Estrasburgo ante el riesgo de detención". La Vanguardia. Archived from the original on 3 July 2019. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
  131. ^ "El juez Llarena reactiva la euroorden contra Carles Puigdemont". Expansión (in Spanish). 14 October 2019. Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  132. ^ Masdeu, Jaume (20 December 2019). "Puigdemont se acredita como eurodiputado y denuncia una acción 'ilegal' de Tajani". LaVanguardia (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  133. ^ EFE-Estrasburgo (14 January 2020). "Puigdemont se estrena en el PE y los socialistas dicen que dejarán trabajar a la justicia". euractiv.es (in European Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  134. ^ ACN. "Els Verds a l'Eurocambra veuen un "problema" i "incongruent" l'entrada de Puigdemont i Comín al seu grup". El Punt Avui (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  135. ^ "Presidente del Supremo pide formalmente al PE el suplicatorio para Puigdemont". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 13 January 2020. Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  136. ^ "Puigdemont y Comín renuncian a integrarse en el grupo de Los Verdes/ALE de la Eurocámara". Europa Press. 29 January 2020. Archived from the original on 29 January 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  137. ^ "Morocco grants asylum to former Catalan leader in response to Polisario visit to Spain". Middle East Monitor. 30 April 2021. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  138. ^ a b "Carles Puigdemont freed after arrest in Italy". POLITICO. 24 September 2021. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  139. ^ Periódico, El (25 September 2021). "Carles Puigdemont, en llibertat a Sardenya | Última hora en DIRECTE". elperiodico (in Catalan). Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  140. ^ Nogueras, Núria Orriols Guiu, Júlia Manresa (23 September 2021). "Carles Puigdemont, detingut a l'Alguer". Ara.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved 1 October 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  141. ^ "Què hi anava a fer Puigdemont, a l'Alguer? Tota la informació". VilaWeb (in Catalan). Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  142. ^ "Llarena demana al Tribunal de Sardenya que lliuri Carles Puigdemont a Espanya". ElNacional.cat (in Catalan). 30 September 2021. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  143. ^ "Carles Puigdemont: Police hunt ex-Catalan separatist leader after return from exile". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 8 August 2024.
  144. ^ "Ex-Catalan leader 'eludes police manhunt and flees Spain'". www.bbc.com.
  145. ^ Burgen, Stephen (8 August 2024). "Catalan police hunt for Carles Puigdemont as separatist leader returns to Spain". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 8 August 2024.
  146. ^ a b Muelas, Román de (25 March 2019). "¿Es Carles Puigdemont un político de izquierdas?". elestado.net (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  147. ^ Keeley, Graham (27 November 2017). "Carles Puigdemont calls for Catalonia to leave EU". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Archived from the original on 14 January 2020. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  148. ^ "Puigdemont cree que Catalunya debería votar si quiere seguir en la UE". La Vanguardia. 26 November 2017. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  149. ^ "Puigdemont creu que els catalans han de votar si volen pertànyer a la Unió Europea". ara. 26 November 2017. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  150. ^ Pellicer, Lluís (20 December 2019). "Puigdemont acusa a la justicia española de tener 'secuestrado' al eurodiputado Junqueras". El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  151. ^ Lamelas, Marcos (1 March 2022). "Puigdemont evitó apoyar la ayuda financiera de la UE a Ucrania en el Parlamento Europeo". elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  152. ^ "Analysis | Why did Russian social media swarm the digital conversation about Catalan independence?". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  153. ^ Periódico, El (15 September 2021). "El Parlamento Europeo pide investigar los contactos del entorno de Puigdemont con Rusia". elperiodico (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  154. ^ "The former Catalan leader accuses Spain: Why recognize Palestine and not Kosovo". Koha Ditore. 24 May 2024.
  155. ^ a b Couzens, Gerard (26 October 2017). "Catalonia on brink of independence". Daily Express. London, UK. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  156. ^ Willis, Craig; Hughes, Will; Bober, Sergiusz. "ECMI Minorities Blog. National and Linguistic Minorities in the Context of Professional Football across Europe: Five Examples from Non-kin State Situations". ECMI. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  157. ^ "Catalan crisis: Carles Puigdemont 'welcome' to run in poll". BBC News. London, UK. 29 October 2017. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  158. ^ a b Orihuela, Rodrigo (10 October 2017). "Catalonia's President Says Jail Beats Staying Spanish". Bloomberg Businessweek. New York, US. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  159. ^ "Waterloo bevestigt verhuizing Puigdemont" (in Dutch). HP De Tijd. 2 February 2018. Archived from the original on 2 February 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
  160. ^ "UNPO: Catalonia: Ex-Premier Carles Puigdemont to Run for May 26th European Elections". unpo.org. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2019.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carles Puigdemont.
Political offices
Preceded by Mayor of Girona
2011–2016 		Succeeded by
Preceded by President of the Government of Catalonia
2016–2017 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by President of the Association of Municipalities for Independence
2015–2016 		Succeeded by
New office Chair of the Catalan European Democratic Party
2017–2018 		Incumbent
Leader of Together for Catalonia
2017–present
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carles_Puigdemont&oldid=1253754842"
pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy