The Jeep trailer was a small, 1⁄4 short ton (0.22 long tons; 0.23 t) payload rated, cargo trailer, designed in World War II, tailored to be towed by 1/4-ton jeeps. Versions of the quarter-ton jeep trailer remained in military use, by the U.S. or other countries, at least through to the 1990s.
History
editWhen the jeep was developed, it needed a cargo trailer that would track behind the vehicle. The first trailer was called the "Trailer, 1/4-ton, 2-Wheel, Cargo, Amphibian". More than 150,000 jeep trailers were built by over ten different companies, during World War II alone.[1] American Bantam built some 75,000 of their T-3, and kept building jeep trailers after the war.[2] Willys-Overland also built more than 60,000 of their MBT units (Willys MB Trailers). Other manufacturers contributed only hundreds, or just a few thousand units. A special trailer was the Converto (Airborne) Dump Trailer, of which several thousand were built.[1]
Later versions of the trailer were the M100 trailer[3] for the Willys M38 jeep and the M416 trailer [4] for the M151 jeep.
Versions
edit- The World War II version came in both the standard, and K-38A versions. the K-38A was a modification of the K-38 trailer for the U.S. Army Signal Corps
- The Korean War version, or M100 was also modified into the M367 trailer for the Signal corps. and also came in a plain chassis the M116.
- The Canadian Army version, or M101CDN very closely resembles the M100, except it was manufactured in Winnipeg at Motor Coach Industries (MCI) for the Canadian Armed Forces.
- The Vietnam War version, or M416 came in the following variants: M416 and M416A1 with square fenders, dedicated for the M151 jeep; the M416B1 towed by the USMC M422 'Mighty Mite' helicopter liftable jeep, the M569 chassis, and the V-498 trailer for AN/TTC-41.
Post-World War II
editAfter World War II, several companies went on to produce these trailers for the civilian market. The military trailers often were rated for 1/4 ton usage for the sake of amphibious operations, many trailer designs were in actuality built to handle 1/2 ton loads with ease. In the post-war civilian world, many trailers were marketed as able to handle 1/2 to 3/4 ton weight loads.
Notable companies were Bantam with the T3-C, Henry Spen with the Model S, as well as Converto, Knox, and David Bradley. While the trailers maintained utility and ruggedness, other features required by the military fell to the wayside for utility, cost, and simplicity such as tailgates, parking brakes and blackout lights. Bright colors were often favored on civilian trailers in respect to peace time markets.
Today these civilian Jeep trailers are highly sought after for camping, light duty utility, agriculture, and collections, as are the military ones. Jeep trailers also found favor with road departments, construction crews, fire departments, park departments, and many other civil services and local government in North America. Restoration data is often scant to non-existent on the civilian trailers, but military trailers often have full specifications that have been preserved and shared.
See also
editReferences
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Jeep Bantam-Willys-Ford 1940-1945, by Emile Becker & Guy Dentzer, (1994), see Recognizing WWII Jeep Trailers (in Dutch)
- ^ "Austin, Bantam, and Willys: Birth of the Jeep". www.allpar.com. Retrieved 2018-09-06.
- ^ "Department of the Army Technical Manual TM 9-2330-201-14" (PDF). April 1972. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
- ^ "Department of the Army Technical Manual TM 9-2330-251-14" (PDF). October 6, 1970. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
Bibliography
edit- TM 9-2330-251-14 Trailer Cargo 1/4Ton
- TM 9-2800 Standard Military Motor Vehicles. dated 1 sept. 1943
- TM 9-2800 Military vehicles dated Oct. 1947
- TM 10-1281 TRAILER 2 WHEEL 0,25 TON BANTAM MODEL T3
- TM 10-1281 / ORD 8 SNL G-529 Ordnance Supply Catalog, July 1945, for Trailer, ¼-ton, 2-wheel, cargo
- TM 11-227 Signal Communication Directory. dated 10 April 1944
- TM 11-487 Electrical Communication systems Equipment. dated 2 Oct. 1944
External links
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