The Lincoln MKS is a full-size, five-passenger, front- or all-wheel drive luxury sedan manufactured by Ford and marketed by its Lincoln subdivision for model years (MY) 2009–2016 — over a single generation with an intermediate facelift.
| Lincoln MKS | |
|---|---|
 2009 Lincoln MKS | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | The Lincoln Motor Company (Ford Motor Company) |
| Production | May 2008[1]–2016[2] |
| Model years | 2009–2016 |
| Assembly | Ford Chicago Assembly, Chicago, Illinois, US |
| Designer | Robert Gelardi (exterior: 2005)[3][4] Peter Horbury (design chief) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Full-size luxury car |
| Body style | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Front engine, front-wheel drive / all wheel drive |
| Platform | Ford D3 platform |
| Related | Ford Five Hundred, Mercury Montego, Mercury Sable Ford Taurus Ford Taurus X Ford Flex Lincoln MKT Volvo S80 Volvo S60 Volvo V70 Volvo XC70 Volvo XC90 |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 3.7 L Cyclone V6 DOHC 273 hp (277 PS) at 6250 rpm (2009–2012) 3.7 L Cyclone V6 Ti-VCT DOHC 304 hp at 6500 rpm (2013–2016) 3.5 L EcoBoost V6 DOHC 355 hp (360 PS) at 5700 rpm (2010-2012) 3.5 L EcoBoost V6 DOHC 365 hp (360 PS) at 5500 rpm (2013-2016) |
| Transmission | 6-speed 6F50 automatic 6-speed 6F55 automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 112.9 in (2,868 mm) |
| Length | 2009–2012: 204.2 in (5,187 mm) 2013–2016 : 204.8 in (5,202 mm) |
| Width | 75.9 in (1,928 mm) |
| Height | 61.6 in (1,565 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4,127 lb (1,872 kg) (Front-wheel drive) 4,276 lb (1,940 kg) (All-wheel drive) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Lincoln Continental |
| Successor | Lincoln Continental (2017) |
Following the Lincoln MKR concept vehicle, Lincoln presented the MKS at the LA Auto Show in November 2007. Production began for the MY 2009 in May 2008[5] along with its platform-mates, the fifth generation Ford Taurus, Ford Flex, and Lincoln MKT — the so called Chicago D3's, for the plant where they were manufactured (Chicago Assembly) and the platform they shared, the D3 platform, a revised variant of Volvo's P2 platform. Sales began in June of 2008.
The MKS featured front-wheel drive, with optional all-wheel drive and the 3.5L EcoBoost twin-turbocharged V6, shared with the Taurus SHO.[6]
The MKS was discontinued after 2016, with domestic MKS production having reached 100,248 for MY 2009–2016. It was replaced by the tenth generation Lincoln Continental,[7]
MKS (2009–2016)
editLincoln presented the MKS in November 2007 at the LA Auto Show. Sales began in the summer of 2008 as a 2009 model.
Equipment included radar autonomous cruise control system, intelligent access system with a push button start, a flush-mounted keyless entry keypad on the driver's B-pillar with touch-activated buttons and optional adaptive HID headlights.[8] Other features included automatic HID headlights, foglights, capless fuel filler marketed as Easy Fuel, foldable power adjustable mirrors with memory, 18x7.5-inch machined aluminum wheels, 6-speaker audio system with an AM/FM radio and 6-disc in-dash CD changer, Sirius satellite radio with a six-month prepaid subscription, dual-zone automatic climate control, auto-dimming rear view mirror with compass, 12-way, heated and cooled power driver and passenger seats, heated rear seats, a power tilt and telescoping steering wheel with memory, a universal garage door opener, and Lincoln SYNC.
The standard MKS interior uses dash-top leatherette and two real wood trims, depending on leather color: ebony reclaimed from furniture makers and others sources, minimizing environmental impact, and olive-ash with a grain pattern created when the roots of two trees grow together.[9][10] Interior leather is by the Scottish company, Bridge of Weir.
Safety features included dual front airbags, driver and passenger side airbags, and side curtain airbags. Equipment packages include the Navigation Package (a DVD navigation system, a THX II-Certified, 14-speaker, 600-watt audio system with an AM/FM radio and six-disc in-dash CD player, and a rearview camera); Technology Package (adaptive HID headlights, rain-sensing windshield wipers, a forward-sensing system,[clarification needed] a power sunshade for the rear window, and the intelligent access system with push button start); the Ultimate Package included the Navigation and Technology packages and added a dual panel moonroof, premium 19x8-inch painted alloy wheels, Ultimate seating trim with color-keyed suede strip in the center of the seat back, and Lincoln star logo embroidered on the front headrests. An Aluminum Applique Package (aluminum dash trim in the place of wood, as well as a leather-wrapped steering wheel and shift knob), is also available, requiring the Navigation, Technology, or Ultimate packages. Individual options included all-wheel drive, 19x8-inch machined aluminum wheels, 20x8-inch polished aluminum wheels, adaptive cruise control, and a PowerCode remote starter.[11]
As with other models using the D3 platform, including its Ford Five Hundred and fifth and sixth generation Ford Taurus predecessors, the MKS unibody was designed to channel impact forces around the passenger compartment using a system marketed as SPACE architecture (Side Protection and Cabin Enhancement), an adaptation of Volvo's Side Impact Protection System (SIPS)[12] dating to the period when Ford had owned Volvo Cars as part of its Premier Automotive Group. SPACE used a hydroformed high strength steel tube embedded in the floor that runs the width of the vehicle from B-pillar to B-pillar and along the rocker panels to form a safety cage to help protect passengers in side impacts.
Active Park Assist, using ultrasonic sensors to measure a parking space and operate the steering wheel to parallel parking the vehicle, became available in mid-2009 for MY 2010.[13] The system used software control of the Electric Power Steering (EPS).[14]
The MKS used Ford's D3 platform with MacPherson struts and rearward-facing lower L-arms with a 26 mm (1.0 in) stabilizer bar in the front and a multilink coil over shock setup with stamped steel lower control arms and cast upper control arms in the rear; "Lincoln Drive Control" with continuously controlled damping (CCD) available as optional feature. The car featured four-wheel antilock disc brakes (12.25-inch (311 mm) rotors in the front and 12.75-inch (324 mm) rotors in the rear) with standard AdvanceTrac traction control and Roll Stability Control (RSC). Front-wheel drive (FWD) was standard while all-wheel drive (AWD) was optional. The MKS is powered by an all-aluminum 3.7 L Duratec DOHC V6, a larger bore derivative of the Duratec 35 in Ford's Cyclone engine group. The engine was designed to accept either regular grade, 87 octane gasoline or premium grade, 91 octane gasoline. Using regular grade gasoline, the 3.7 L V6 produces 273 hp (204 kW) at 6250 rpm and 270 lb·ft (366 N·m) of torque at 4250 rpm. Using premium grade gasoline results in a small boost in output to 275 hp (205 kW) at 6250 rpm and 276 lb·ft (374 N·m) of torque at 4250 rpm. The 6F50 6-speed automatic transmission is equipped with SelectShift, simulating the operation of a manual transmission.[11]
A road test of the AWD-equipped MKS model by Car and Driver recorded acceleration from zero to 60 mph in 7.5 seconds and a quarter-mile in 15.7 seconds at 90 mph (140 km/h). Testers noted the MKS' 4300 lbs weight.[15] Ford introduced its EcoBoost V6, an all-aluminum, twin-turbocharged, direct injection 3.5 L DOHC V6, in the 2010 MKS[16] arriving in showrooms in the summer of 2009.[6]
The EcoBoost engine provided 355 hp (265 kW) and 350 lb⋅ft (475 N⋅m) of torque.[17]
Updates
editMY 2010: 2010 models continued to offer a 3.7-liter, 24-valve Duratec engine, adding an optional twin turbocharged 3.5 Liter V6 making 355 HP and 350 ft-lb of torque, standard on AWD models. Revisions included additional bracing and strategically placed sound-deadening materials, suspension improvements to improve NVH, mount and bushing revisions, and spring/shock tuning and front suspension geometry revisions. A revised instrument cluster featured three large binnacles, one with a transmission gear indicator.
MY 2013: A facelifted MKS debuted for 2013 at the 2011 Los Angeles International Auto Show, with a mildly revised exterior, including a larger trunk opening with a lower liftover height and the license plate nacelle relocated to the bumper fascia from the trunk lid. Interior revisions included front "Multicontour" seats, a revised dashboard, new interior wood choices (Prussian Burl and Brown Swirl Walnut), digital instrument cluster and touch capacitive switchgear — as well as auto high beam, adaptive cruise control, forward collision warning, blind spot information system with cross-traffic alert, lane-keeping system, electric power-assisted steering (EPAS) and a continuously controlled damping (CCD) system. The new MKS also grew slightly in overall length to 205.6 in (5,222 mm).
MY 2014: A backup camera became standard equipment for 2014.
MY 2015: For 2015, the rear deck lid received a chrome trim section, stretching horizontally across the lid. The Lincoln lettering was increased in size and centered above this new trim section following along the length of it. The MKS emblem was moved to the left side corner of the lid.
MY 2016: For 2016, the final model year for the MKS, the rear trunk lid featured lettering spelling out L I N C O L N across its width.
Reception
editA reviewer from Canada's National Post gave the MKS a positive reception in a comparison test with the Cadillac STS and Infiniti M45, two cars that Ford picked to bring along.[18]
The MKS has dimensions comparable to the 2010 Audi A8 4.2 FSI quattro, a sedan with all-wheel drive which is equipped with a naturally aspirated 4.2 L V8 engine with direct gasoline injection. The MKS is almost an inch longer than the A8L (long-wheelbase version), an inch wider and five inches (127 mm) taller, has four more cubic feet of trunk space, and extra 25 lb⋅ft (34 N⋅m) of torque, while being 100 lb (45 kg) lighter. The MKS starts at $30,000 less than the base A8. The MKS also undercuts several mid-luxury cars with V8 engines and all-wheel drive by $10,000, such as the Audi A6 4.2 FSI quattro and the Infiniti M45x.[19][20]
While praised for its large interior and long list of features, the MKS has been criticized for not being as refined as other luxury sedans in a similar price range.[21] It is also noted that the MKS's platform-mate, the Ford Taurus, offers the same powertrain and many available technological features, starting at an MSRP of $10,000 less than the MKS.[22]
End of production
editThe MKS was replaced by a new car based on the Lincoln Continental concept in 2016.[7] The Chicago Assembly Plant where the MKS was manufactured continued with Ford Taurus production until March 2019 as well as the Ford Explorer and Police Interceptor vehicles.[23]
Sales
edit| Calendar year | Total sales |
|---|---|
| 2008 | 12,982[24] |
| 2009 | 17,174[25] |
| 2010 | 14,417[26] |
| 2011 | 12,217[27] |
| 2012 | 12,524[28] |
| 2013 | 10,793[29] |
| 2014 | 8,160[30] |
| 2015 | 6,877[31] |
| 2016 | 4,951[32] |
| 2017 | 153[33] |
| Total sales: | 100,248 |
The MKS made its first appearance as a concept car at the 2006 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan, presenting Lincoln's design direction for their new full-size flagship sedan.
The concept included Lincoln's signature waterfall, cross-hatched grille with a crosshatching. The concept car's headlights featured adaptive lighting that pivoted the headlight projectors with steering inputs. The headlight assemblies incorporated a series of LEDs that would blink in sequence for turn indication. Side vents at the rear of the front wheel wells were adorned with the Lincoln star. The concept featured a large sunroof and moonroof combination that takes the place of a conventional roof. The concept's rear were LED-based parking and brake lamps and dual chrome, trapezoidal-shaped exhaust tips. The concept rode on 20x8.5-inch, ten spoke wheels.[34]
The concept's seats used cream-colored Aniline leather; doors and interior panels used pearl-white suede, and the dash used dark grey suede. Instrumentation and controls featured satin nickel inserts and chrome trim with backlighting provided by white LEDs. An applique of real maple wood ran across the instrument panel, dividing it into upper and lower sections. Features included Bluetooth device connectivity, a DVD-based navigation system, a 14-speaker, 500-watt audio system, a passive entry system that identifies the driver and allows starting the vehicle by carrying its key fob, and a push button ignition system. Safety was provided by dual front airbags, driver and passenger side airbags, and side curtain airbags.[34]
The concept, internally designated model D385, used Ford's front-drive, Volvo-derived D3 platform shared with the Ford Five Hundred, Ford Freestyle, and Mercury Montego, featuring independent suspension with MacPherson struts and rearward-facing lower L-arms with a stabilizer bar in the front and a multilink coil over shock setup with a stabilizer bar in the rear. The MKS Concept featured an active all-wheel drive system. Powering the concept was a Ford/Yamaha 4.4 L DOHC V8 producing 315 hp (235 kW) at 4500 rpm and 320 lb·ft (433 N·m) of torque at 3000 rpm. The engine used a 6-speed automatic transmission.[35]
References
edit- ^ Aziz, Nick (August 9, 2006). "2008 Lincoln MKS (production)". Left Lane News. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
- ^ "The Lincoln MKS is Dead. Long Live the...Uh...Continental! – News – Car and Driver | Car and Driver Blog". Archived from the original on 2017-05-25. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
- ^ https://tm.linkedin.com/in/robertgelardi [self-published source]
- ^ robertgelardi.com/design-folio/
- ^ "Lincoln MKS orders start strong, car is "do-or-die" debut". Motor Trend. June 2, 2008. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
- ^ a b "Ford to Equip Half a Million Vehicles with EcoBoost Engine Technology for Up To 20% Better Fuel Economy". Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 6, 2008. Archived from the original on July 28, 2013.
- ^ a b Bunkley, Nick (March 30, 2015). "Lincoln to bring back Continental name". Automotive News. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
- ^ "2009 MKS Special Features". Media.Ford.com (Press release). 2008. Archived from the original on May 1, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ Jonathon Ramsey (November 14, 2007). "LA 2007: 2009 Lincoln MKS revealed live". Autoblog.
- ^ "MKS Showcases Signature Lincoln Design Cues". Media.Ford.com (Press release). 2008. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ a b "2009 MKS Technical Specifications". Media.Ford.com (Press release). 2008. Archived from the original on April 24, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ Richard Truett (January 4, 2004). "2004 Detroit: Three new Fords have touches of Volvo: Influence shows in platform, safety". Autoweek.
- ^ "Ford makes parallel parking a breeze with new 'Active Park Assist'". Media.Ford.com (Press release). April 6, 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-08-26. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ "Ford builds on electric power steering technology to enhance drive quality, enable more features". Media.Ford.com (Press release). March 12, 2009. Archived from the original on July 15, 2012. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ Bedard, Patrick (October 2008). "2009 Lincoln MKS AWD - Road Test". Car and Driver.
- ^ "EcoBoost debut: Fuel-efficient new V6 engine gives flagship Lincoln MKS the power of a V8". Media.Ford.com (Press release). May 14, 2009. Archived from the original on June 18, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ Sutton, Mike (May 2009). "2010 Lincoln MKS With EcoBoost - Short Take Road Test". Car and Driver. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
- ^ Booth, David (May 22, 2009). "Preview: 2010 Lincoln MKS". National Post. Retrieved 2009-09-10.[dead link]
- ^ "2010 Lincoln MKS". Autoblog.com.
- ^ "Review: Lincoln MKS Ecoboost Take Two". 19 March 2010.
- ^ "Review: Lincoln MKS Ecoboost Take Two". 19 March 2010.
- ^ "2010 Lincoln MKS Reviews". Edmunds.com. March 9, 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-20.
- ^ Mays, Kelsey (June 11, 2015). "Ford is killing off the Lincoln MKS sedan". USA Today. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
- ^ "F-Series drives Ford to higher market share for third consecutive month" (PDF). Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 5, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 6, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ "FORD CAPS 2009 WITH 33 PERCENT SALES INCREASE, FIRST FULL-YEAR MARKET SHARE GAIN SINCE 1995" (PDF). Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 5, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 11, 2011. Retrieved 2010-01-05.
- ^ "December 2010 Sales: Ford Motor Company - Cheers & Gears Forums". Cheersandgears.com. Retrieved 2011-01-04.
- ^ "2011 Ford Brand Sales up 17% for the year in U.S." (PDF). Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 4, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 31, 2012. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
- ^ "Ford Cars, Utilities and Trucks All Post U.S. Sales Gains in 2012" (PDF). Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 3, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2013. Retrieved 2013-01-03.
- ^ "Ford Motor Company Delivers Best Sales Year Since 2006" (PDF). Media.ford.com (Press release). January 3, 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-06.
- ^ "Ford Posts Best U.S. December Sales Results since 2005" (PDF). Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 5, 2015. Retrieved 2015-01-07.
- ^ "New Products Make Ford Best-Selling Brand for Sixth Straight Year" (PDF). Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 5, 2016. Retrieved 2016-01-07.
- ^ "Ford U.S. December Retail Sales up 5 Percent - a 12-Year High; Ford America's Best-Selling Brand for Seventh Year" (PDF). media.ford.com. 2017-01-04. Retrieved 2017-01-04.
- ^ "Ford SUVs Post Record Sales While F-Series Marks 41 Years as America's Best-Selling Pickup; Ford Achieves 8th Consecutive Year as the Country's Favorite Brand" (PDF). media.ford.com. 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2018-01-03.
- ^ a b "2006 MKS Concept Overview". Media.Ford.com (Press release). January 9, 2006. Archived from the original on May 25, 2011. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ^ "2006 MKS Concept Technical Specifications". Media.Ford.com (Press release). 2006. Archived from the original on 2011-05-25. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
External links
edit