The Ma On Shan Iron Mine (Chinese: 馬鞍山鐵礦) is a mine in the hills of Ma On Shan, Sha Tin District, Hong Kong, that was operated from 1906 to 1976. The nearby Ma On Shan Village accommodated the miners and their families.
History
editThe Ma On Shan Iron Mine opened in 1906 as an opencast site run by the Hong Kong Iron Mining Co. Ltd., which was owned by Sir Paul Chater.[1] In 1949, the mine was taken over by the Mutual Mining and Trade Company, which extended it underground in 1953.[2] By 1959, mining had moved entirely underground. The mine ceased operation in 1976.[3] The workforce of 400 was laid off. The government mining lease ended in 1981 and the mine closed subsequently.[2][4]
Mine operators
editHistorical operators of the mine:[5]
- 1906-1929: The Hong Kong Iron Mining Co. Ltd. (香港鐵礦公司)
- 1931-1940: New Territories Iron Company
- 1940-1941: South China Iron Smelters Co. Ltd (華南製鐵有限公司)
- 1942-1945: (Japanese occupation of Hong Kong)
- 1945-1948: Possibly small scale excavation by South China Iron Smelters Co. Ltd
- 1949-1976: Mutual Trust Co. Ltd (大公洋行)
- 1953-1976: Joint venture between Mutual Trust Co. Ltd and Nittetsu Mining Company (Japan) (日本鐵礦業株式會社)
Present and future
editIt has been suggested that the Ma On Shan Iron Mine could be repurposed as a storage location for compressed-air energy storage (CAES).[6]
Several sets of structures of the Ma On Shan Iron Mine were listed as historic monuments in April 2016: Exterior walls of 240 ML and 110 ML of Ma On Shan Iron Mine (Grade 2), Mineral Preparation Plant of Ma On Shan Iron Mine (Grade 3), Site Structures at Mining Settlement of Ma On Shan Iron Mine (Grade 3).[7]
See also
edit- Mining in Hong Kong
- Geology of Hong Kong
- Ma On Shan (peak)
- Ma On Shan Country Park, surrounding the mine area
References
edit- ^ Antiquities Advisory Board. Historic Building Appraisal: Mineral Preparation Plant, Ma On Shan Iron Mine
- ^ a b Kao, Ernest (5 May 2014). "Hong Kong's forgotten mining past emerges from the darkness". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Antiquities Advisory Board. Historic Building Appraisal: Lutheran Yan Kwong Church, Ma On Shan Tsuen Road
- ^ CEDD: Economic Geology - Minerals and Mining in Hong Kong
- ^ Chan, Hiu-yu (2017). The church, the mine and the people : discovering the social significance of the Yan Kwong Lutheran Church at the former iron mine village of Ma On Shan (Thesis). University of Hong Kong.
- ^ Hoang, Long; Nakka, Dhesant (2013). Investigating the feasibility of implementing energy storage schemes in Hong Kong (ENGG 1110 - 1st Challenge Report. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology).
- ^ Antiquities Advisory Board. List of new items for grading assessment with assessment results
Further reading
edit- Choi, Wing-sang, Vincent (2013). Geology and ore genesis of the Ma On Shan iron deposit, Hong Kong (MSc Thesis). The University of Hong Kong. doi:10.5353/th_b5094842 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10722/192993.
{{cite thesis}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Davis, S.G. (1961). "Mineralogy of the Ma On Shan iron mine, Hong Kong". Economic Geology. 56 (3): 592–602. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1004.4545. doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.56.3.592.
- Kwan, Sai Ho (1979). An Ecological Survey of Soil and Vegetation Contaminated by the Iron Ore Mining at Ma On Shan, Hong Kong (M.Phil. thesis). Chinese University of Hong Kong.
- Lai, Chuen Yan, David (1959). Ma On Shan Iron Mine (B.A. thesis). Department of Geography and Geology, University of Hong Kong.
{{cite thesis}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Leung, Sze Kong (1957). Ma On Shan (B.A. thesis). Department of Geography and Geology, University of Hong Kong.
- Nakajima, Tamotsu (1964). "Geology and Ore Deposits of the Ma On Shan Mine, Hong Kong". Mining Geology: Journal of the Society of Mining Geologists of Japan (in Japanese). 14 (64): 80–87. doi:10.11456/shigenchishitsu1951.14.80. ISSN 0026-5209.
- Shibata, Taketo (1964). "Development Plan of Ma On Shan Iron Mine, New Territories". In Davis, S.G. (ed.). Symposium on Land use and mineral deposits in Hong Kong, southern China and South-East Asia. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 214–223. OCLC 52028037.
- Strange, P.J.; Woods, N.W. (March 1991). "The geology and exploitation of the Ma On Shan magnetite deposit" (PDF). Geological Society of Hong Kong Newsletter. 9 (1). Hong Kong: Geological Society of Hong Kong: 3–15.
- Weld, C.M. (1914). "Notes on an Iron Ore Deposit near Hong Kong, China". Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers. New York, NY: American Institute of Mining Engineers. pp. 177–186.
- Yang, J.Y. (17 July 1952). "Iron Ore & Industry in Japan, China and Hongkong". Far Eastern Economic Review. 14: 84–88.
External links
edit
- Website dedicated to Ma On Shan Iron Mine
- Exterior walls of 240 ML and 110 ML, Ma On Shan Iron Mine: Historic Appraisal Pictures
- Mineral Preparation Plant, Ma On Shan Iron Mine: Historic Appraisal Pictures
- Site Structures at Mining Settlement, Ma On Shan Iron Mine: Historic Appraisal Pictures
- Industrial History of Hong Kong entries: [1] [2] [3]
- Information from The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hong Kong: [4]
- Gwulo.com entry: [5]
- Zolimag entry: [6]
- Pictures: [7] [8] [9]