Northill is a village and civil parish in the Central Bedfordshire district of the county of Bedfordshire, England about 6.5 miles (10 km) southeast of the county town of Bedford.
| Northill | |
|---|---|
 Church of St Mary the Virgin | |
  Northill Location within Bedfordshire | |
| Population | 2,288 (2001) 2,270 (2011 Census)[1] |
| OS grid reference | TL149465 |
| Civil parish |
|
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | BIGGLESWADE |
| Postcode district | SG18 |
| Dialling code | 01767 |
| Police | Bedfordshire |
| Fire | Bedfordshire and Luton |
| Ambulance | East of England |
| UK Parliament | |
The 2011 census showed the population for Northill village as 338 and for the civil parish, 2,270.[2][3]
The parish includes the villages of Ickwell and Upper Caldecote, as well as the hamlets of Budna, Hatch, Lower Caldecote and Thorncote Green.[4]
Northill has a small village green with duck pond, owned by the parish council.
Geography
editNorthill is 2 miles (3 km) west southwest of Sandy, 3 miles (5 km) west northwest of Biggleswade, 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Cambridge and 42 miles (68 km) north of Central London.
Area
The civil parish covers an area of 1,638 hectares (4,048 acres).[3] Its eastern boundary is the River Ivel.
Landscape
Topographically, Northill stands on a slightly elevated ridge that runs north to south. The village lies on the border of the Bedfordshire and Cambridgeshire Claylands and the Bedfordshire Greensand Ridge; National Character Areas designated by Natural England.[5] Central Bedfordshire Council has classified the local landscape around the village as within the Mid Greensand Ridge. The surrounding area is mostly arable farmland but there are significant areas of woodland to the west of the village, and parkland at Ickwell. The north and east of the parish form part of the predominantly flat, Lower Ivel Clay Valley.[6][7]
Elevation
The village centre is 34 metres (112 ft) above sea level. The east of the parish is flat and ranges between 21 metres (69 ft) and 26 metres (85 ft). The land rises westwards to reach 70 metres (230 ft).[8]
Geology and soil type
Northill village lies mainly on Oxford clay overlying Kellaways beds. Patches of glacial gravel (till) and boulder clay are to the west of the village. The eastern and northern parts of the parish lie on glacial gravel, and alongside the Ivel are superficial deposits of first and second terrace river gravel and alluvium. Ickwell lies on Ampthill Clay.[9] Around the village the soil is highly fertile, lime-rich, loamy and clayey with impeded drainage. The eastern area of the parish has soil of low fertility, which is freely draining and slightly acid with a loamy texture.[10]
The night sky and light pollution
Light pollution is the level of radiance (night lights) shining up into the night sky. The Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) divides the level of night sky brightness into 9 bands with band 1 being the darkest i.e. with the lowest level of light pollution and band 9 the brightest and most polluted. Northill is in band 4. Darker sky is to the west but it is lighter towards Sandy and Biggleswade.[11][12]
The built environment
Along Thorncote Road, Northill are a number of grade II listed, 17th and 18th century thatched cottages of timber-frame construction with colour washed brick and render. A pair of timber framed, clay tiled gambrel roofed, colour washed roughcast rendered cottages date to about 1800. At the junction of Thorncote, Bedford and Ickwell Roads stands Northill Grange. It has a double pile plan; i.e. there are two buildings under separate roofs one behind the other. On Ickwell Road are a pair of early 19th century timber-framed cottages with weatherboarding and a clay tile roof.[13]
Public footpaths
The Greensand Ridge Walk passes through the village and Home Wood.
History
editPart of the ancient hundred of Wixamtree, the village was originally known as North Givell,[14] meaning the northern part of territory of the River Ivel. A similar version of this place-name is first evidenced in the Domesday Book of 1086 which reads: Nortigble/Nortgiue(le): Pirot and Ralph from Eudo FitzHubert, Walter from Hugh de Beauchamp; William Speke. 1 1/2 mills. A variation of this spelling is "North Yevell" as seen in a 1440s legal record.[15]
The core of the village's buildings date back to the 14th century.[16] To this day many examples of thatched roofing exist around Northill.
Among the buildings stemming from the 14th century is the village's Anglican Church of St Mary, which is built of ironstone and has been extensively restored over the subsequent centuries. The church itself contains fine examples of 17th-century painted glass.
Sir Humphrey Winch, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, was born here in 1555.
In Home Wood is a largely undisturbed, well preserved medieval fishery. Alongside are earthworks of a sizeable artificial warren. The site is a scheduled monument managed by the Forestry Commission.[17]
Northill was the baptismal place, and possibly the birthplace, of clockmaker Thomas Tompion, who built the Pump Room Clock in 1709 that has since seen active service in the city of Bath. Thomas Tompion's father was the village blacksmith, whose forge can still be seen on the Green at Ickwell.
Governance
editNorthill Parish Council consists of 12 elected councillors.[18]
The village is part of Northill ward for elections to the Central Bedfordshire Unitary Authority.[19]
Prior to 1894, Northill was administered as part of the hundred of Wixamtree. From 1894 until 1974 it was in Biggleswade Rural District and from 1974 to 2009 in Mid Bedfordshire District.
Northill is in the North East Bedfordshire parliamentary constituency of the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.
Public transport
editBus route 74 to Bedford and Biggleswade operated by Grant Palmer runs hourly, daytime Monday to Saturday. Community bus operator, Ivel Sprinter runs a weekly service to Cambridge.
The nearest railway station is Sandy.
Events and amenities
editThe Crown public house next to St Mary's Church, dates back to the 17th century. The property is partly timber-framed and partly brick, with a colour washed roughcast render throughout. The roofs are made of old clay tiles.[20]
Northill Village Hall was built in the 1970s.
Northill is the starting place of the Ickwell May Day celebration that sees local floats and residents travel the mile or so to the neighbouring village of Ickwell. The May Day celebration has been held since 1565.
Footnotes
edit- ^ "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
- ^ UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Northill Built-up area sub division (E35000557)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ a b UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Northill Parish (E04011973)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "The Parish of Northill in General". bedsarchives.bedford.gov.uk. 21 June 2019. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ^ "National Character Areas". Natural England. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
- ^ "6B. Mid Greensand Ridge" (PDF). Central Bedfordshire.
- ^ "4B. Lower Ivel Clay Valley" (PDF). Central Bedfordshire. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Elevation Map". FreeMapTools. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Sheet 204. Geological Survey of England & Wales". British Geological Survey. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Soilscapes Viewer". LandIS - Land Information System. Cranfield University. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Night Blight 2016: Mapping England's Light Pollution and Dark Skies". Campaign to Protect Rural England. CPRE. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Map". nightblight. Campaign for the Protection of Rural England. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- ^ "Northill Index of Pages". Bedfordshire Archives & Records Service.
- ^ "Northill Tourist Information". AboutBritain.com. Retrieved 23 September 2006.
- ^ Plea Roll, Court of Common Pleas; Term 1. CP 40 / 717, National Archives; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT1/H6/CP40no717/bCP40no717dorses/IMG_1014.htm
- ^ "Northill". YourTotalEvent.com. Archived from the original on 25 August 2006. Retrieved 23 September 2006.
- ^ Historic England. "Medieval fishery and warren in Home Wood (1018455)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "Welcome". Northill Parish Council. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "Area, Ward, Northill". Central Bedfordshire Insight. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
- ^ "The Crown Public House". Bedfordshire Archives & Records Service. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
External links
edit
Media related to Northill at Wikimedia Commons