Tone HH
|
Infinitive
|
ukubhaka
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukubhaka
|
ukungabhaki
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
bhaka
|
-bhake
|
Plural
|
bhakani
|
-bhakeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyabhaka, ngibhaka
|
engibhakayo, engibhaka
|
ngibhaka
|
angibhaki
|
engingabhaki
|
ngingabhaki
|
2nd singular
|
uyabhaka, ubhaka
|
obhakayo, obhaka
|
ubhaka
|
awubhaki
|
ongabhaki
|
ungabhaki
|
1st plural
|
siyabhaka, sibhaka
|
esibhakayo, esibhaka
|
sibhaka
|
asibhaki
|
esingabhaki
|
singabhaki
|
2nd plural
|
niyabhaka, nibhaka
|
enibhakayo, enibhaka
|
nibhaka
|
anibhaki
|
eningabhaki
|
ningabhaki
|
Class 1
|
uyabhaka, ubhaka
|
obhakayo, obhaka
|
ebhaka
|
akabhaki
|
ongabhaki
|
engabhaki
|
Class 2
|
bayabhaka, babhaka
|
ababhakayo, ababhaka
|
bebhaka
|
ababhaki
|
abangabhaki
|
bengabhaki
|
Class 3
|
uyabhaka, ubhaka
|
obhakayo, obhaka
|
ubhaka
|
awubhaki
|
ongabhaki
|
ungabhaki
|
Class 4
|
iyabhaka, ibhaka
|
ebhakayo, ebhaka
|
ibhaka
|
ayibhaki
|
engabhaki
|
ingabhaki
|
Class 5
|
liyabhaka, libhaka
|
elibhakayo, elibhaka
|
libhaka
|
alibhaki
|
elingabhaki
|
lingabhaki
|
Class 6
|
ayabhaka, abhaka
|
abhakayo, abhaka
|
ebhaka
|
awabhaki
|
angabhaki
|
engabhaki
|
Class 7
|
siyabhaka, sibhaka
|
esibhakayo, esibhaka
|
sibhaka
|
asibhaki
|
esingabhaki
|
singabhaki
|
Class 8
|
ziyabhaka, zibhaka
|
ezibhakayo, ezibhaka
|
zibhaka
|
azibhaki
|
ezingabhaki
|
zingabhaki
|
Class 9
|
iyabhaka, ibhaka
|
ebhakayo, ebhaka
|
ibhaka
|
ayibhaki
|
engabhaki
|
ingabhaki
|
Class 10
|
ziyabhaka, zibhaka
|
ezibhakayo, ezibhaka
|
zibhaka
|
azibhaki
|
ezingabhaki
|
zingabhaki
|
Class 11
|
luyabhaka, lubhaka
|
olubhakayo, olubhaka
|
lubhaka
|
alubhaki
|
olungabhaki
|
lungabhaki
|
Class 14
|
buyabhaka, bubhaka
|
obubhakayo, obubhaka
|
bubhaka
|
abubhaki
|
obungabhaki
|
bungabhaki
|
Class 15
|
kuyabhaka, kubhaka
|
okubhakayo, okubhaka
|
kubhaka
|
akubhaki
|
okungabhaki
|
kungabhaki
|
Class 17
|
kuyabhaka, kubhaka
|
okubhakayo, okubhaka
|
kubhaka
|
akubhaki
|
okungabhaki
|
kungabhaki
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngibhakile, ngibhakē
|
engibhakile, engibhakē
|
ngibhakile, ngibhakē
|
angibhakanga
|
engingabhakanga
|
ngingabhakanga
|
2nd singular
|
ubhakile, ubhakē
|
obhakile, obhakē
|
ubhakile, ubhakē
|
awubhakanga
|
ongabhakanga
|
ungabhakanga
|
1st plural
|
sibhakile, sibhakē
|
esibhakile, esibhakē
|
sibhakile, sibhakē
|
asibhakanga
|
esingabhakanga
|
singabhakanga
|
2nd plural
|
nibhakile, nibhakē
|
enibhakile, enibhakē
|
nibhakile, nibhakē
|
anibhakanga
|
eningabhakanga
|
ningabhakanga
|
Class 1
|
ubhakile, ubhakē
|
obhakile, obhakē
|
ebhakile, ebhakē
|
akabhakanga
|
ongabhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
Class 2
|
babhakile, babhakē
|
ababhakile, ababhakē
|
bebhakile, bebhakē
|
ababhakanga
|
abangabhakanga
|
bengabhakanga
|
Class 3
|
ubhakile, ubhakē
|
obhakile, obhakē
|
ubhakile, ubhakē
|
awubhakanga
|
ongabhakanga
|
ungabhakanga
|
Class 4
|
ibhakile, ibhakē
|
ebhakile, ebhakē
|
ibhakile, ibhakē
|
ayibhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
ingabhakanga
|
Class 5
|
libhakile, libhakē
|
elibhakile, elibhakē
|
libhakile, libhakē
|
alibhakanga
|
elingabhakanga
|
lingabhakanga
|
Class 6
|
abhakile, abhakē
|
abhakile, abhakē
|
ebhakile, ebhakē
|
awabhakanga
|
angabhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
Class 7
|
sibhakile, sibhakē
|
esibhakile, esibhakē
|
sibhakile, sibhakē
|
asibhakanga
|
esingabhakanga
|
singabhakanga
|
Class 8
|
zibhakile, zibhakē
|
ezibhakile, ezibhakē
|
zibhakile, zibhakē
|
azibhakanga
|
ezingabhakanga
|
zingabhakanga
|
Class 9
|
ibhakile, ibhakē
|
ebhakile, ebhakē
|
ibhakile, ibhakē
|
ayibhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
ingabhakanga
|
Class 10
|
zibhakile, zibhakē
|
ezibhakile, ezibhakē
|
zibhakile, zibhakē
|
azibhakanga
|
ezingabhakanga
|
zingabhakanga
|
Class 11
|
lubhakile, lubhakē
|
olubhakile, olubhakē
|
lubhakile, lubhakē
|
alubhakanga
|
olungabhakanga
|
lungabhakanga
|
Class 14
|
bubhakile, bubhakē
|
obubhakile, obubhakē
|
bubhakile, bubhakē
|
abubhakanga
|
obungabhakanga
|
bungabhakanga
|
Class 15
|
kubhakile, kubhakē
|
okubhakile, okubhakē
|
kubhakile, kubhakē
|
akubhakanga
|
okungabhakanga
|
kungabhakanga
|
Class 17
|
kubhakile, kubhakē
|
okubhakile, okubhakē
|
kubhakile, kubhakē
|
akubhakanga
|
okungabhakanga
|
kungabhakanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngābhaka
|
engābhaka
|
ngābhaka
|
angibhakanga
|
engingabhakanga
|
ngingabhakanga
|
2nd singular
|
wābhaka
|
owābhaka
|
wābhaka
|
awubhakanga
|
ongabhakanga
|
ungabhakanga
|
1st plural
|
sābhaka
|
esābhaka
|
sābhaka
|
asibhakanga
|
esingabhakanga
|
singabhakanga
|
2nd plural
|
nābhaka
|
enābhaka
|
nābhaka
|
anibhakanga
|
eningabhakanga
|
ningabhakanga
|
Class 1
|
wābhaka
|
owābhaka
|
ābhaka
|
akabhakanga
|
ongabhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
Class 2
|
bābhaka
|
abābhaka
|
bābhaka
|
ababhakanga
|
abangabhakanga
|
bengabhakanga
|
Class 3
|
wābhaka
|
owābhaka
|
wābhaka
|
awubhakanga
|
ongabhakanga
|
ungabhakanga
|
Class 4
|
yābhaka
|
eyābhaka
|
yābhaka
|
ayibhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
ingabhakanga
|
Class 5
|
lābhaka
|
elābhaka
|
lābhaka
|
alibhakanga
|
elingabhakanga
|
lingabhakanga
|
Class 6
|
ābhaka
|
ābhaka
|
ābhaka
|
awabhakanga
|
angabhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
Class 7
|
sābhaka
|
esābhaka
|
sābhaka
|
asibhakanga
|
esingabhakanga
|
singabhakanga
|
Class 8
|
zābhaka
|
ezābhaka
|
zābhaka
|
azibhakanga
|
ezingabhakanga
|
zingabhakanga
|
Class 9
|
yābhaka
|
eyābhaka
|
yābhaka
|
ayibhakanga
|
engabhakanga
|
ingabhakanga
|
Class 10
|
zābhaka
|
ezābhaka
|
zābhaka
|
azibhakanga
|
ezingabhakanga
|
zingabhakanga
|
Class 11
|
lwābhaka
|
olwābhaka
|
lwābhaka
|
alubhakanga
|
olungabhakanga
|
lungabhakanga
|
Class 14
|
bābhaka
|
obābhaka
|
bābhaka
|
abubhakanga
|
obungabhakanga
|
bungabhakanga
|
Class 15
|
kwābhaka
|
okwābhaka
|
kwābhaka
|
akubhakanga
|
okungabhakanga
|
kungabhakanga
|
Class 17
|
kwābhaka
|
okwābhaka
|
kwābhaka
|
akubhakanga
|
okungabhakanga
|
kungabhakanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingabhaka
|
—
|
ngingabhaka
|
ngingebhake
|
—
|
ngingebhake
|
2nd singular
|
ungabhaka
|
—
|
ungabhaka
|
ungebhake
|
—
|
ungebhake
|
1st plural
|
singabhaka
|
—
|
singabhaka
|
singebhake
|
—
|
singebhake
|
2nd plural
|
ningabhaka
|
—
|
ningabhaka
|
ningebhake
|
—
|
ningebhake
|
Class 1
|
angabhaka
|
—
|
engabhaka
|
angebhake
|
—
|
engebhake
|
Class 2
|
bangabhaka
|
—
|
bengabhaka
|
bangebhake
|
—
|
bengebhake
|
Class 3
|
ungabhaka
|
—
|
ungabhaka
|
ungebhake
|
—
|
ungebhake
|
Class 4
|
ingabhaka
|
—
|
ingabhaka
|
ingebhake
|
—
|
ingebhake
|
Class 5
|
lingabhaka
|
—
|
lingabhaka
|
lingebhake
|
—
|
lingebhake
|
Class 6
|
angabhaka
|
—
|
engabhaka
|
angebhake
|
—
|
engebhake
|
Class 7
|
singabhaka
|
—
|
singabhaka
|
singebhake
|
—
|
singebhake
|
Class 8
|
zingabhaka
|
—
|
zingabhaka
|
zingebhake
|
—
|
zingebhake
|
Class 9
|
ingabhaka
|
—
|
ingabhaka
|
ingebhake
|
—
|
ingebhake
|
Class 10
|
zingabhaka
|
—
|
zingabhaka
|
zingebhake
|
—
|
zingebhake
|
Class 11
|
lungabhaka
|
—
|
lungabhaka
|
lungebhake
|
—
|
lungebhake
|
Class 14
|
bungabhaka
|
—
|
bungabhaka
|
bungebhake
|
—
|
bungebhake
|
Class 15
|
kungabhaka
|
—
|
kungabhaka
|
kungebhake
|
—
|
kungebhake
|
Class 17
|
kungabhaka
|
—
|
kungabhaka
|
kungebhake
|
—
|
kungebhake
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizobhaka
|
engizobhaka
|
ngizobhaka
|
angizubhaka
|
engingezubhaka
|
ngingezubhaka
|
2nd singular
|
uzobhaka
|
ozobhaka
|
uzobhaka
|
awuzubhaka
|
ongezubhaka
|
ungezubhaka
|
1st plural
|
sizobhaka
|
esizobhaka
|
sizobhaka
|
asizubhaka
|
esingezubhaka
|
singezubhaka
|
2nd plural
|
nizobhaka
|
enizobhaka
|
nizobhaka
|
anizubhaka
|
eningezubhaka
|
ningezubhaka
|
Class 1
|
uzobhaka
|
ozobhaka
|
ezobhaka
|
akazubhaka
|
ongezubhaka
|
engezubhaka
|
Class 2
|
bazobhaka
|
abazobhaka
|
bezobhaka
|
abazubhaka
|
abangezubhaka
|
bengezubhaka
|
Class 3
|
uzobhaka
|
ozobhaka
|
uzobhaka
|
awuzubhaka
|
ongezubhaka
|
ungezubhaka
|
Class 4
|
izobhaka
|
ezobhaka
|
izobhaka
|
ayizubhaka
|
engezubhaka
|
ingezubhaka
|
Class 5
|
lizobhaka
|
elizobhaka
|
lizobhaka
|
alizubhaka
|
elingezubhaka
|
lingezubhaka
|
Class 6
|
azobhaka
|
azobhaka
|
ezobhaka
|
awazubhaka
|
angezubhaka
|
engezubhaka
|
Class 7
|
sizobhaka
|
esizobhaka
|
sizobhaka
|
asizubhaka
|
esingezubhaka
|
singezubhaka
|
Class 8
|
zizobhaka
|
ezizobhaka
|
zizobhaka
|
azizubhaka
|
ezingezubhaka
|
zingezubhaka
|
Class 9
|
izobhaka
|
ezobhaka
|
izobhaka
|
ayizubhaka
|
engezubhaka
|
ingezubhaka
|
Class 10
|
zizobhaka
|
ezizobhaka
|
zizobhaka
|
azizubhaka
|
ezingezubhaka
|
zingezubhaka
|
Class 11
|
luzobhaka
|
oluzobhaka
|
luzobhaka
|
aluzubhaka
|
olungezubhaka
|
lungezubhaka
|
Class 14
|
buzobhaka
|
obuzobhaka
|
buzobhaka
|
abuzubhaka
|
obungezubhaka
|
bungezubhaka
|
Class 15
|
kuzobhaka
|
okuzobhaka
|
kuzobhaka
|
akuzubhaka
|
okungezubhaka
|
kungezubhaka
|
Class 17
|
kuzobhaka
|
okuzobhaka
|
kuzobhaka
|
akuzubhaka
|
okungezubhaka
|
kungezubhaka
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyobhaka
|
engiyobhaka
|
ngiyobhaka
|
angiyubhaka
|
engingeyubhaka
|
ngingeyubhaka
|
2nd singular
|
uyobhaka
|
oyobhaka
|
uyobhaka
|
awuyubhaka
|
ongeyubhaka
|
ungeyubhaka
|
1st plural
|
siyobhaka
|
esiyobhaka
|
siyobhaka
|
asiyubhaka
|
esingeyubhaka
|
singeyubhaka
|
2nd plural
|
niyobhaka
|
eniyobhaka
|
niyobhaka
|
aniyubhaka
|
eningeyubhaka
|
ningeyubhaka
|
Class 1
|
uyobhaka
|
oyobhaka
|
eyobhaka
|
akayubhaka
|
ongeyubhaka
|
engeyubhaka
|
Class 2
|
bayobhaka
|
abayobhaka
|
beyobhaka
|
abayubhaka
|
abangeyubhaka
|
bengeyubhaka
|
Class 3
|
uyobhaka
|
oyobhaka
|
uyobhaka
|
awuyubhaka
|
ongeyubhaka
|
ungeyubhaka
|
Class 4
|
iyobhaka
|
eyobhaka
|
iyobhaka
|
ayiyubhaka
|
engeyubhaka
|
ingeyubhaka
|
Class 5
|
liyobhaka
|
eliyobhaka
|
liyobhaka
|
aliyubhaka
|
elingeyubhaka
|
lingeyubhaka
|
Class 6
|
ayobhaka
|
ayobhaka
|
eyobhaka
|
awayubhaka
|
angeyubhaka
|
engeyubhaka
|
Class 7
|
siyobhaka
|
esiyobhaka
|
siyobhaka
|
asiyubhaka
|
esingeyubhaka
|
singeyubhaka
|
Class 8
|
ziyobhaka
|
eziyobhaka
|
ziyobhaka
|
aziyubhaka
|
ezingeyubhaka
|
zingeyubhaka
|
Class 9
|
iyobhaka
|
eyobhaka
|
iyobhaka
|
ayiyubhaka
|
engeyubhaka
|
ingeyubhaka
|
Class 10
|
ziyobhaka
|
eziyobhaka
|
ziyobhaka
|
aziyubhaka
|
ezingeyubhaka
|
zingeyubhaka
|
Class 11
|
luyobhaka
|
oluyobhaka
|
luyobhaka
|
aluyubhaka
|
olungeyubhaka
|
lungeyubhaka
|
Class 14
|
buyobhaka
|
obuyobhaka
|
buyobhaka
|
abuyubhaka
|
obungeyubhaka
|
bungeyubhaka
|
Class 15
|
kuyobhaka
|
okuyobhaka
|
kuyobhaka
|
akuyubhaka
|
okungeyubhaka
|
kungeyubhaka
|
Class 17
|
kuyobhaka
|
okuyobhaka
|
kuyobhaka
|
akuyubhaka
|
okungeyubhaka
|
kungeyubhaka
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngibhake
|
ngingabhaki
|
2nd singular
|
ubhake
|
ungabhaki
|
1st plural
|
sibhake
|
singabhaki
|
2nd plural
|
nibhake
|
ningabhaki
|
Class 1
|
abhake
|
angabhaki
|
Class 2
|
babhake
|
bangabhaki
|
Class 3
|
ubhake
|
ungabhaki
|
Class 4
|
ibhake
|
ingabhaki
|
Class 5
|
libhake
|
lingabhaki
|
Class 6
|
abhake
|
angabhaki
|
Class 7
|
sibhake
|
singabhaki
|
Class 8
|
zibhake
|
zingabhaki
|
Class 9
|
ibhake
|
ingabhaki
|
Class 10
|
zibhake
|
zingabhaki
|
Class 11
|
lubhake
|
lungabhaki
|
Class 14
|
bubhake
|
bungabhaki
|
Class 15
|
kubhake
|
kungabhaki
|
Class 17
|
kubhake
|
kungabhaki
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngabhaka
|
ngangabhaka, angabhaka, angangabhaka
|
2nd singular
|
wabhaka
|
wangabhaka, awabhaka, awangabhaka
|
1st plural
|
sabhaka
|
sangabhaka, asabhaka, asangabhaka
|
2nd plural
|
nabhaka
|
nangabhaka, anabhaka, anangabhaka
|
Class 1
|
wabhaka
|
wangabhaka, akabhaka, akangabhaka
|
Class 2
|
babhaka
|
bangabhaka, ababhaka, abangabhaka
|
Class 3
|
wabhaka
|
wangabhaka, awabhaka, awangabhaka
|
Class 4
|
yabhaka
|
yangabhaka, ayabhaka, ayangabhaka
|
Class 5
|
labhaka
|
langabhaka, alabhaka, alangabhaka
|
Class 6
|
abhaka
|
angabhaka, awabhaka, awangabhaka
|
Class 7
|
sabhaka
|
sangabhaka, asabhaka, asangabhaka
|
Class 8
|
zabhaka
|
zangabhaka, azabhaka, azangabhaka
|
Class 9
|
yabhaka
|
yangabhaka, ayabhaka, ayangabhaka
|
Class 10
|
zabhaka
|
zangabhaka, azabhaka, azangabhaka
|
Class 11
|
lwabhaka
|
lwangabhaka, alwabhaka, alwangabhaka
|
Class 14
|
babhaka
|
bangabhaka, ababhaka, abangabhaka
|
Class 15
|
kwabhaka
|
kwangabhaka, akwabhaka, akwangabhaka
|
Class 17
|
kwabhaka
|
kwangabhaka, akwabhaka, akwangabhaka
|