bopha

Swazi

Etymology

Cognate with Venda -vhofha, Zulu -bopha, Xhosa -bopha.

Verb

-bópha

1. (transitive) to tie

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

Cognate with Venda -vhofha, Zulu -bopha, Swazi -bopha.

Verb

-bôpha

1. (transitive) to fasten

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

Cognate with Venda -vhofha, Swazi -bopha, Xhosa -bopha.

Verb

-bópha

1. (transitive) to bind, to tie
2. (transitive) to fasten
3. (transitive) to arrest, to capture
4. (transitive) to imprison

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukubopha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukubopha	ukungabophi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	bopha	-bophe
Plural	bophani	-bopheni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyabopha, ngibopha	engibophayo, engibopha	ngibopha	angibophi	engingabophi	ngingabophi
2nd singular	uyabopha, ubopha	obophayo, obopha	ubopha	awubophi	ongabophi	ungabophi
1st plural	siyabopha, sibopha	esibophayo, esibopha	sibopha	asibophi	esingabophi	singabophi
2nd plural	niyabopha, nibopha	enibophayo, enibopha	nibopha	anibophi	eningabophi	ningabophi
Class 1	uyabopha, ubopha	obophayo, obopha	ebopha	akabophi	ongabophi	engabophi
Class 2	bayabopha, babopha	ababophayo, ababopha	bebopha	ababophi	abangabophi	bengabophi
Class 3	uyabopha, ubopha	obophayo, obopha	ubopha	awubophi	ongabophi	ungabophi
Class 4	iyabopha, ibopha	ebophayo, ebopha	ibopha	ayibophi	engabophi	ingabophi
Class 5	liyabopha, libopha	elibophayo, elibopha	libopha	alibophi	elingabophi	lingabophi
Class 6	ayabopha, abopha	abophayo, abopha	ebopha	awabophi	angabophi	engabophi
Class 7	siyabopha, sibopha	esibophayo, esibopha	sibopha	asibophi	esingabophi	singabophi
Class 8	ziyabopha, zibopha	ezibophayo, ezibopha	zibopha	azibophi	ezingabophi	zingabophi
Class 9	iyabopha, ibopha	ebophayo, ebopha	ibopha	ayibophi	engabophi	ingabophi
Class 10	ziyabopha, zibopha	ezibophayo, ezibopha	zibopha	azibophi	ezingabophi	zingabophi
Class 11	luyabopha, lubopha	olubophayo, olubopha	lubopha	alubophi	olungabophi	lungabophi
Class 14	buyabopha, bubopha	obubophayo, obubopha	bubopha	abubophi	obungabophi	bungabophi
Class 15	kuyabopha, kubopha	okubophayo, okubopha	kubopha	akubophi	okungabophi	kungabophi
Class 17	kuyabopha, kubopha	okubophayo, okubopha	kubopha	akubophi	okungabophi	kungabophi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngibophile, ngibophē	engibophile, engibophē	ngibophile, ngibophē	angibophanga	engingabophanga	ngingabophanga
2nd singular	ubophile, ubophē	obophile, obophē	ubophile, ubophē	awubophanga	ongabophanga	ungabophanga
1st plural	sibophile, sibophē	esibophile, esibophē	sibophile, sibophē	asibophanga	esingabophanga	singabophanga
2nd plural	nibophile, nibophē	enibophile, enibophē	nibophile, nibophē	anibophanga	eningabophanga	ningabophanga
Class 1	ubophile, ubophē	obophile, obophē	ebophile, ebophē	akabophanga	ongabophanga	engabophanga
Class 2	babophile, babophē	ababophile, ababophē	bebophile, bebophē	ababophanga	abangabophanga	bengabophanga
Class 3	ubophile, ubophē	obophile, obophē	ubophile, ubophē	awubophanga	ongabophanga	ungabophanga
Class 4	ibophile, ibophē	ebophile, ebophē	ibophile, ibophē	ayibophanga	engabophanga	ingabophanga
Class 5	libophile, libophē	elibophile, elibophē	libophile, libophē	alibophanga	elingabophanga	lingabophanga
Class 6	abophile, abophē	abophile, abophē	ebophile, ebophē	awabophanga	angabophanga	engabophanga
Class 7	sibophile, sibophē	esibophile, esibophē	sibophile, sibophē	asibophanga	esingabophanga	singabophanga
Class 8	zibophile, zibophē	ezibophile, ezibophē	zibophile, zibophē	azibophanga	ezingabophanga	zingabophanga
Class 9	ibophile, ibophē	ebophile, ebophē	ibophile, ibophē	ayibophanga	engabophanga	ingabophanga
Class 10	zibophile, zibophē	ezibophile, ezibophē	zibophile, zibophē	azibophanga	ezingabophanga	zingabophanga
Class 11	lubophile, lubophē	olubophile, olubophē	lubophile, lubophē	alubophanga	olungabophanga	lungabophanga
Class 14	bubophile, bubophē	obubophile, obubophē	bubophile, bubophē	abubophanga	obungabophanga	bungabophanga
Class 15	kubophile, kubophē	okubophile, okubophē	kubophile, kubophē	akubophanga	okungabophanga	kungabophanga
Class 17	kubophile, kubophē	okubophile, okubophē	kubophile, kubophē	akubophanga	okungabophanga	kungabophanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngābopha	engābopha	ngābopha	angibophanga	engingabophanga	ngingabophanga
2nd singular	wābopha	owābopha	wābopha	awubophanga	ongabophanga	ungabophanga
1st plural	sābopha	esābopha	sābopha	asibophanga	esingabophanga	singabophanga
2nd plural	nābopha	enābopha	nābopha	anibophanga	eningabophanga	ningabophanga
Class 1	wābopha	owābopha	ābopha	akabophanga	ongabophanga	engabophanga
Class 2	bābopha	abābopha	bābopha	ababophanga	abangabophanga	bengabophanga
Class 3	wābopha	owābopha	wābopha	awubophanga	ongabophanga	ungabophanga
Class 4	yābopha	eyābopha	yābopha	ayibophanga	engabophanga	ingabophanga
Class 5	lābopha	elābopha	lābopha	alibophanga	elingabophanga	lingabophanga
Class 6	ābopha	ābopha	ābopha	awabophanga	angabophanga	engabophanga
Class 7	sābopha	esābopha	sābopha	asibophanga	esingabophanga	singabophanga
Class 8	zābopha	ezābopha	zābopha	azibophanga	ezingabophanga	zingabophanga
Class 9	yābopha	eyābopha	yābopha	ayibophanga	engabophanga	ingabophanga
Class 10	zābopha	ezābopha	zābopha	azibophanga	ezingabophanga	zingabophanga
Class 11	lwābopha	olwābopha	lwābopha	alubophanga	olungabophanga	lungabophanga
Class 14	bābopha	obābopha	bābopha	abubophanga	obungabophanga	bungabophanga
Class 15	kwābopha	okwābopha	kwābopha	akubophanga	okungabophanga	kungabophanga
Class 17	kwābopha	okwābopha	kwābopha	akubophanga	okungabophanga	kungabophanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingabopha	—	ngingabopha	ngingebophe	—	ngingebophe
2nd singular	ungabopha	—	ungabopha	ungebophe	—	ungebophe
1st plural	singabopha	—	singabopha	singebophe	—	singebophe
2nd plural	ningabopha	—	ningabopha	ningebophe	—	ningebophe
Class 1	angabopha	—	engabopha	angebophe	—	engebophe
Class 2	bangabopha	—	bengabopha	bangebophe	—	bengebophe
Class 3	ungabopha	—	ungabopha	ungebophe	—	ungebophe
Class 4	ingabopha	—	ingabopha	ingebophe	—	ingebophe
Class 5	lingabopha	—	lingabopha	lingebophe	—	lingebophe
Class 6	angabopha	—	engabopha	angebophe	—	engebophe
Class 7	singabopha	—	singabopha	singebophe	—	singebophe
Class 8	zingabopha	—	zingabopha	zingebophe	—	zingebophe
Class 9	ingabopha	—	ingabopha	ingebophe	—	ingebophe
Class 10	zingabopha	—	zingabopha	zingebophe	—	zingebophe
Class 11	lungabopha	—	lungabopha	lungebophe	—	lungebophe
Class 14	bungabopha	—	bungabopha	bungebophe	—	bungebophe
Class 15	kungabopha	—	kungabopha	kungebophe	—	kungebophe
Class 17	kungabopha	—	kungabopha	kungebophe	—	kungebophe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizobopha	engizobopha	ngizobopha	angizubopha	engingezubopha	ngingezubopha
2nd singular	uzobopha	ozobopha	uzobopha	awuzubopha	ongezubopha	ungezubopha
1st plural	sizobopha	esizobopha	sizobopha	asizubopha	esingezubopha	singezubopha
2nd plural	nizobopha	enizobopha	nizobopha	anizubopha	eningezubopha	ningezubopha
Class 1	uzobopha	ozobopha	ezobopha	akazubopha	ongezubopha	engezubopha
Class 2	bazobopha	abazobopha	bezobopha	abazubopha	abangezubopha	bengezubopha
Class 3	uzobopha	ozobopha	uzobopha	awuzubopha	ongezubopha	ungezubopha
Class 4	izobopha	ezobopha	izobopha	ayizubopha	engezubopha	ingezubopha
Class 5	lizobopha	elizobopha	lizobopha	alizubopha	elingezubopha	lingezubopha
Class 6	azobopha	azobopha	ezobopha	awazubopha	angezubopha	engezubopha
Class 7	sizobopha	esizobopha	sizobopha	asizubopha	esingezubopha	singezubopha
Class 8	zizobopha	ezizobopha	zizobopha	azizubopha	ezingezubopha	zingezubopha
Class 9	izobopha	ezobopha	izobopha	ayizubopha	engezubopha	ingezubopha
Class 10	zizobopha	ezizobopha	zizobopha	azizubopha	ezingezubopha	zingezubopha
Class 11	luzobopha	oluzobopha	luzobopha	aluzubopha	olungezubopha	lungezubopha
Class 14	buzobopha	obuzobopha	buzobopha	abuzubopha	obungezubopha	bungezubopha
Class 15	kuzobopha	okuzobopha	kuzobopha	akuzubopha	okungezubopha	kungezubopha
Class 17	kuzobopha	okuzobopha	kuzobopha	akuzubopha	okungezubopha	kungezubopha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyobopha	engiyobopha	ngiyobopha	angiyubopha	engingeyubopha	ngingeyubopha
2nd singular	uyobopha	oyobopha	uyobopha	awuyubopha	ongeyubopha	ungeyubopha
1st plural	siyobopha	esiyobopha	siyobopha	asiyubopha	esingeyubopha	singeyubopha
2nd plural	niyobopha	eniyobopha	niyobopha	aniyubopha	eningeyubopha	ningeyubopha
Class 1	uyobopha	oyobopha	eyobopha	akayubopha	ongeyubopha	engeyubopha
Class 2	bayobopha	abayobopha	beyobopha	abayubopha	abangeyubopha	bengeyubopha
Class 3	uyobopha	oyobopha	uyobopha	awuyubopha	ongeyubopha	ungeyubopha
Class 4	iyobopha	eyobopha	iyobopha	ayiyubopha	engeyubopha	ingeyubopha
Class 5	liyobopha	eliyobopha	liyobopha	aliyubopha	elingeyubopha	lingeyubopha
Class 6	ayobopha	ayobopha	eyobopha	awayubopha	angeyubopha	engeyubopha
Class 7	siyobopha	esiyobopha	siyobopha	asiyubopha	esingeyubopha	singeyubopha
Class 8	ziyobopha	eziyobopha	ziyobopha	aziyubopha	ezingeyubopha	zingeyubopha
Class 9	iyobopha	eyobopha	iyobopha	ayiyubopha	engeyubopha	ingeyubopha
Class 10	ziyobopha	eziyobopha	ziyobopha	aziyubopha	ezingeyubopha	zingeyubopha
Class 11	luyobopha	oluyobopha	luyobopha	aluyubopha	olungeyubopha	lungeyubopha
Class 14	buyobopha	obuyobopha	buyobopha	abuyubopha	obungeyubopha	bungeyubopha
Class 15	kuyobopha	okuyobopha	kuyobopha	akuyubopha	okungeyubopha	kungeyubopha
Class 17	kuyobopha	okuyobopha	kuyobopha	akuyubopha	okungeyubopha	kungeyubopha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngibophe	ngingabophi
2nd singular	ubophe	ungabophi
1st plural	sibophe	singabophi
2nd plural	nibophe	ningabophi
Class 1	abophe	angabophi
Class 2	babophe	bangabophi
Class 3	ubophe	ungabophi
Class 4	ibophe	ingabophi
Class 5	libophe	lingabophi
Class 6	abophe	angabophi
Class 7	sibophe	singabophi
Class 8	zibophe	zingabophi
Class 9	ibophe	ingabophi
Class 10	zibophe	zingabophi
Class 11	lubophe	lungabophi
Class 14	bubophe	bungabophi
Class 15	kubophe	kungabophi
Class 17	kubophe	kungabophi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngabopha	ngangabopha, angabopha, angangabopha
2nd singular	wabopha	wangabopha, awabopha, awangabopha
1st plural	sabopha	sangabopha, asabopha, asangabopha
2nd plural	nabopha	nangabopha, anabopha, anangabopha
Class 1	wabopha	wangabopha, akabopha, akangabopha
Class 2	babopha	bangabopha, ababopha, abangabopha
Class 3	wabopha	wangabopha, awabopha, awangabopha
Class 4	yabopha	yangabopha, ayabopha, ayangabopha
Class 5	labopha	langabopha, alabopha, alangabopha
Class 6	abopha	angabopha, awabopha, awangabopha
Class 7	sabopha	sangabopha, asabopha, asangabopha
Class 8	zabopha	zangabopha, azabopha, azangabopha
Class 9	yabopha	yangabopha, ayabopha, ayangabopha
Class 10	zabopha	zangabopha, azabopha, azangabopha
Class 11	lwabopha	lwangabopha, alwabopha, alwangabopha
Class 14	babopha	bangabopha, ababopha, abangabopha
Class 15	kwabopha	kwangabopha, akwabopha, akwangabopha
Class 17	kwabopha	kwangabopha, akwabopha, akwangabopha