ger

See also: Ger, GER, gér, gèr, gêr, Ger⁺⁶, and Ger.

Translingual

Symbol

ger

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2/B language code for German.

English

Mongolian yurts

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Mongolian гэр (ger)/ᠭᠡᠷ (ger).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɛə(ɹ)/
• Rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)

Noun

ger (plural gers)

1. A yurt.
   • 2007, Michael Chabon, Gentlemen of the Road, Sceptre, published 2008, page 133:

     The new bek's great-grandfather had passed every night of his life under the sky, on the back of a pony or in the felt walls of a ger, and Buljan retained the ancestral contempt for cities and city dwellers.

Translations

yurt — see yurt

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Hebrew גֵּר (ger).

Noun

ger (plural gerim)

1. (Judaism) A male convert to Judaism; a Jewish proselyte.

   Coordinate term: giyoret

Anagrams

• -erg-, EGR, ERG, GRE, Reg, erg, gre, reg

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *gaura. Compare Lithuanian gauras (“hair, down, tuft of hair”), Latvian gauri (“pubic hair”) and Middle Irish gúaire (“hair”).

Noun

ger m

1. squirrel (furry)

Related terms

• ketër

Breton

FWOTD – 17 October 2013

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *gėr, from Proto-Celtic *garyos (“word, speech”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵh₂r-, zero grade of *ǵeh₂r-.

Cognate with Ancient Greek γῆρυς (gêrus, “voice, speech”), Khotanese [script needed] (ysār-, “to sing”), Latin garriō (“chatter”), Old English caru (“sorrow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡeːr/

Noun

ger m (plural gerioù)

1. word
   • 1990, Thomas Arwyn Watkins, Martin John Ball, Celtic Linguistics / Ieithyddiaeth Geltaidd: Readings in the Brythonic Languages, page 202:

     Skrijal a rae Loeiz o tistagan ar ger [...] 'Louis screamed in pronouncing the word'.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Inflection

  Mutation of ger  

Breton consonant mutation
	unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard
singular	ger	c'her	unchanged	ker
plural	gerioù	c'herioù	unchanged	kerioù

Derived terms

• geriadur ("dictionary")

Chinese

Etymology 1

Clipping of English manager.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoe⁴

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zoe⁴
    • Yale: jèuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoe⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: zê⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœː²¹/

Noun

ger

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) manager
   • 2006 January 10, “薪高上位易 學子爭入「四大」”, in 香港經濟日報‎^[1]:

     做三年可升「sin」（senior）、做六年升「ger」（manager），做滿十年更有機會成為「partner」… [Cantonese, trad.]
     做三年可升「sin」（senior）、做六年升「ger」（manager），做满十年更有机会成为「partner」… [Cantonese, simp.]

     zou⁶ saam¹ nin⁴ ho² sing¹ “sin¹” (senior), zou⁶ luk⁶ nin⁴ sing¹ “zoe⁴” (manager), zou⁶ mun⁵ sap⁶ nin⁴ gang³ jau⁵ gei¹ wui⁶ sing⁴ wai⁴ “partner”... [Jyutping]

     One can be promoted to senior after three years of work, a manager after six years, and even perhaps a partner after ten years […]

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 經理 (“manager”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		經理
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	經理
Cantonese	Guangzhou	經理
	Hong Kong	經理, 阿ger
	Taishan	經理
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	經理
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	經理
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	經理
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	經理
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	經理
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	經理
Southern Min	Xiamen	經理
Wu	Shanghai	經理, 阿大, 阿大先生, 當手
	Suzhou	經理, 大先生

Derived terms

• 阿ger

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoe¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zoe¹
    • Yale: jēu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoe¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zê¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœː⁵⁵/

Noun

ger

1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 脧 (“penis”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoe¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zoe¹
    • Yale: jēu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoe¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zê¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœː⁵⁵/

Verb

ger

1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 啫 (“to target, to annoy someone verbally”)

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *gėr, from Proto-Celtic *garyos (“word, speech”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵh₂r-, zero grade of *ǵeh₂r-.

Cognate with Ancient Greek γῆρυς (gêrus, “voice, speech”), Khotanese [script needed] (ysār-, “to sing”), Latin garriō (“chatter”), Old English ċearu (“sorrow”).

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [ɡɛːr]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [ɡeːr]

Noun

ger m (plural geryow)

1. word
2. saying
3. report

Derived terms

• gerlyver ("dictionary")

Mutation

  Mutation of ger  

Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
ger	er	unchanged	ker	her	her

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃeːɹ]
• Homophone: gerð

Etymology 1

Verb

ger

1. third-person singular present of gera
2. imperative singular of gera

Conjugation

Conjugation of gera (group v-31)
infinitive	gera
supine	gjørt
participle (a7)1	gerandi	gjørdur
	present	past
first singular	geri	gjørdi
second singular	gert	gjørdi
third singular	ger	gjørdi
plural	gera	gjørdu
	imperative
singular	ger!
plural	gerið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Etymology 2

From Old Norse [Term?].

Noun

ger f (genitive singular gerar, uncountable)

1. yeast

Declension

Declension of ger (singular only)
f2s	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	ger	gerin
accusative	ger	gerina
dative	ger	gerini
genitive	gerar	gerarinnar

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /cɛːr/
• Rhymes: -ɛːr

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Danish gær, from Old Norse gerð, from Proto-Germanic *garwidō.

Noun

ger n (genitive singular gers, no plural)

1. yeast

Synonyms

• (yeast): jöstur

Etymology 2

From Old Norse gør, from Proto-Germanic *garwiją or *gerwą.

Noun

ger n (genitive singular gers, no plural)

1. rotting things (as feed)
2. flock, swarm (of carrion birds, flies, etc.)

Etymology 3

From Old Norse gerr, gjǫrr, gǫrr, from Proto-Germanic *garwaz.

Adjective

ger (not comparable)

1. ready, fully prepared

Inflection

    positive (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	ger	ger	gert
accusative	geran	gera	gert
dative	gerum	gerri	geru
genitive	gers	gerrar	gers
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerir	gerar	ger
accusative	gera	gerar	ger
dative	gerum	gerum	gerum
genitive	gerra	gerra	gerra

    positive (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	geri	gera	gera
accusative	gera	geru	gera
dative	gera	geru	gera
genitive	gera	geru	gera
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	geru	geru	geru
accusative	geru	geru	geru
dative	geru	geru	geru
genitive	geru	geru	geru

Related terms

• gersemi

Etymology 4

From Old Norse gerr, cognate with Old High German ger (“greedy”).

Adjective

ger (comparative gerari, superlative gerastur)

1. greedy, gluttonous

Inflection

    positive (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	ger	ger	gert
accusative	geran	gera	gert
dative	gerum	gerri	geru
genitive	gers	gerrar	gers
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerir	gerar	ger
accusative	gera	gerar	ger
dative	gerum	gerum	gerum
genitive	gerra	gerra	gerra

    positive (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	geri	gera	gera
accusative	gera	geru	gera
dative	gera	geru	gera
genitive	gera	geru	gera
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	geru	geru	geru
accusative	geru	geru	geru
dative	geru	geru	geru
genitive	geru	geru	geru

    comparative

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerari	gerari	gerara
accusative	gerari	gerari	gerara
dative	gerari	gerari	gerara
genitive	gerari	gerari	gerara
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerari	gerari	gerari
accusative	gerari	gerari	gerari
dative	gerari	gerari	gerari
genitive	gerari	gerari	gerari

    superlative (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerastur	gerust	gerast
accusative	gerastan	gerasta	gerast
dative	gerustum	gerastri	gerustu
genitive	gerasts	gerastrar	gerasts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerastir	gerastar	gerust
accusative	gerasta	gerastar	gerust
dative	gerustum	gerustum	gerustum
genitive	gerastra	gerastra	gerastra

    superlative (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerasti	gerasta	gerasta
accusative	gerasta	gerustu	gerasta
dative	gerasta	gerustu	gerasta
genitive	gerasta	gerustu	gerasta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	gerustu	gerustu	gerustu
accusative	gerustu	gerustu	gerustu
dative	gerustu	gerustu	gerustu
genitive	gerustu	gerustu	gerustu

Etymology 5

From Old Norse gerr, gjǫrr, gørr, from Proto-Germanic *garwiz, comparative of the adverb corresponding to ger (3).

Adverb

ger (comparative form; superlative gerst)

1. better, more thoroughly

References

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jeːr/

Noun

ġēr n (nominative plural ġēr)

1. Alternative form of ġēar

Declension

Declension of ġēr (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	ġēr	ġēr
accusative	ġēr	ġēr
genitive	ġēres	ġēra
dative	ġēre	ġērum

Old High German

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *gaiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz (“spear”).

Noun

gēr m

1. spear

   Synonym: azgēr

Declension

Declension of gēr (masculine a-stem)

case	singular	plural
nominative	gēr	gēra
accusative	gēr	gēra
genitive	gēres	gēro
dative	gēre	gērum
instrumental	gēru	—

Derived terms

• azgēr

Descendants

• Lombardic: ger
  • →⇒ Italian: gherone
• Middle High German: gēr
  • German: Ger

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *ger, from Proto-Germanic *geraz.

Adjective

ger

1. greedy

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

• giri

Old Saxon

Etymology

Variant of jār.

Noun

ger n

1. year

Declension

Declension of gēr (neuter a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	gēr	gēr
accusative	gēr	gēr
genitive	gēres	gērō
dative	gēre	gērun
instrumental	—	—

Romanian

ger

Etymology

Inherited from Latin gelū, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d͡ʒer]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ger n (plural geruri)

1. frost (cold weather that causes frost to form)
2. frigidness, frosty weather

Declension

Declension of ger

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) ger	gerul	(niște) geruri	gerurile
genitive/dative	(unui) ger	gerului	(unor) geruri	gerurilor
vocative	gerule		gerurilor

Derived terms

• gerar

Related terms

• degera

See also

• frig
• brumă

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jeːr/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

ger

1. present indicative of ge, contracted from the archaic giver

Welsh

Etymology

Probably a mutated form of cer (“second-person singular imperative of mynd”).

Alternatively, related to er (“for, through”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɛr/

Preposition

ger

1. next to, near

   Synonyms: ar bwys, gerllaw, yn ymyl

2. beside

   Synonym: wrth

Derived terms

• gerbron (“before, in the presence of”)
• gerllaw (“nearby”)

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ger”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies