Wiktionary

human

See also: Human and humán

English

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Etymology

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From Late Middle English humayne, humain, from Middle French humain, from Old French humain, umain, from Latin hūmānus m (“of or belonging to a man, human, humane”, adjective), from homo, with unclear ū. Spelling human has been predominant since the early 18th century.[1] Not etymologically related to man.

Pronunciation

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  • enPR: hyo͞oʹmən, IPA(key): /ˈhjuː.mən/, [ˈçju̟mən], [ˈçju̟mn̩]
  • (New York City, some other dialects) IPA(key): /ˈju.mən/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -uːmən
  • Hyphenation: hu‧man

Adjective

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human (comparative more human, superlative most human)

  2. (not comparable) Of or belonging to the species Homo sapiens or its closest relatives.
    • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vi:
      Some powers diuine, or els infernall, mixt / Their angry ſeedes at his conception: / For he was neuer ſprong of humaine race, / Since with the ſpirit of his fearefull pride, / He dares so doubtleſly reſolue of rule.
    • 1660, [Richard Allestree], “Sect[ion] V. Of the Second Advantage, Wealth.”, in The Gentlemans Calling, London: […] T[imothy] Garthwait […], →OCLC, page 83:
      [N]o attempt is made to call in God to their reſcue, as if he vvere an idle unconcern'd ſpectator of humane affairs, or ſo inconſiderable an ally, as not to be vvorth the care of engaging him on their ſide.
    • 2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:
      Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.
  3. (comparable) Having the nature or attributes of a human being.
    To err is human; to forgive, divine.

Alternative forms

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Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Hypernyms

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Derived terms

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Terms derived from the adjective or noun human

English terms starting with “human”

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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Rendition of the humans on the Pioneer 10 plaque.

human (plural humans)

  1. (strictly, biology) The tallest, most abundant and most intelligent of the primates; Homo sapiens.
    Synonyms: human being, man; see also Thesaurus:person
    Humans share common ancestors with other apes.
    • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:
      Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola.
    • 2013 April 18, Rock Paper Cynic (webcomic):
      If I ever have to choose between a future where killer robots hunt humans or a future where bacon supplies have run out ... Let's just say you better start running.
    1. (fantasy, science fiction, mythology) A human as contrasted from superficially similar but typically more powerful humanoid creatures; a member of the human race.
      • 1994 March 29, Bill Watterson, Calvin & Hobbes:
        Greetings. I am Blor-Utar from Zimtok-5. I have come to subjugate the human race. Do not resist. Why humans? Because, in addition to their value as slave labor, they are also delicious and nutritious!
    2. (fantasy, science fiction) A term of address for any human, often implying the listener's species is their only noteworthy trait.
      • 2011 December 29, Alex Culang, Raynato Castro, Buttersafe‎[1] (webcomic):
        Greetings, human! You have stumbled into the dimension of the Snow People. […] Flesh plows clear the streets to make them safe to drive. […] Does this shock you, human? Do the ways of our world open your eyes to the truths of your own?
  2. (broadly) Any hominid of the genus Homo.

Translations

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Verb

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human (third-person singular simple present humans, present participle humaning or humanning, simple past and past participle humaned or humanned)

  1. (rare) To behave as or become, or to cause to behave as or become, a human.
    • 1911, Ambrose Bierce, “Music”, in The collected works of Ambrose Bierce, volume 9, page 362:
      […] he sought to charm a single pair of ears, and those more hairy than critical. Later, as the race went on humaning, there grew complexity of sentiment and varying emotional needs, […]
    • 2013, Biosocial Becomings, →ISBN, page 19:
      There are, then, many ways of humaning: these are the ways along which we make ourselves and, collaboratively, one another.

References

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  1. ^ Random House Dictionary, 2010

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Cebuano

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Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: hu‧man

Verb

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human

  1. to finish

Adjective

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human

  1. completed; done

Adverb

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human

  1. after

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, see Citations:human.

Danish

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Adjective

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human

  1. human (having the nature or attributes of a human being)
    Synonym: menneskelig
  2. humane (something done from love to humanity)

Inflection

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Inflection of human
Positive Comparative Superlative
Indefinte common singular human — —2
Indefinite neuter singular humant — —2
Plural humane — —2
Definite attributive1 humane — —
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

German

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German Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia de

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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human (strong nominative masculine singular humaner, comparative humaner, superlative am humansten)

  1. humane
    Synonym: menschlich

Declension

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Positive forms of human
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist human sie ist human es ist human sie sind human
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative humaner humane humanes humane
genitive humanen humaner humanen humaner
dative humanem humaner humanem humanen
accusative humanen humane humanes humane
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der humane die humane das humane die humanen
genitive des humanen der humanen des humanen der humanen
dative dem humanen der humanen dem humanen den humanen
accusative den humanen die humane das humane die humanen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein humaner eine humane ein humanes (keine) humanen
genitive eines humanen einer humanen eines humanen (keiner) humanen
dative einem humanen einer humanen einem humanen (keinen) humanen
accusative einen humanen eine humane ein humanes (keine) humanen
Comparative forms of human
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist humaner sie ist humaner es ist humaner sie sind humaner
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative humanerer humanere humaneres humanere
genitive humaneren humanerer humaneren humanerer
dative humanerem humanerer humanerem humaneren
accusative humaneren humanere humaneres humanere
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der humanere die humanere das humanere die humaneren
genitive des humaneren der humaneren des humaneren der humaneren
dative dem humaneren der humaneren dem humaneren den humaneren
accusative den humaneren die humanere das humanere die humaneren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein humanerer eine humanere ein humaneres (keine) humaneren
genitive eines humaneren einer humaneren eines humaneren (keiner) humaneren
dative einem humaneren einer humaneren einem humaneren (keinen) humaneren
accusative einen humaneren eine humanere ein humaneres (keine) humaneren
Superlative forms of human
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist am humansten sie ist am humansten es ist am humansten sie sind am humansten
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative humanster humanste humanstes humanste
genitive humansten humanster humansten humanster
dative humanstem humanster humanstem humansten
accusative humansten humanste humanstes humanste
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der humanste die humanste das humanste die humansten
genitive des humansten der humansten des humansten der humansten
dative dem humansten der humansten dem humansten den humansten
accusative den humansten die humanste das humanste die humansten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein humanster eine humanste ein humanstes (keine) humansten
genitive eines humansten einer humansten eines humansten (keiner) humansten
dative einem humansten einer humansten einem humansten (keinen) humansten
accusative einen humansten eine humanste ein humanstes (keine) humansten
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Further reading

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  • “human” in Duden online
  • “human” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Interlingua

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Adjective

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human (comparative plus human, superlative le plus human)

  1. human
  2. humane

Derived terms

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Northern Sami

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Pronunciation

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  • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈhuman/

Verb

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human

  1. first-person singular present indicative of hupmat (“speak, talk”)

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Latin hūmānus.

Adjective

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human (neuter singular humant, definite singular and plural humane)

  1. humane

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Latin hūmānus.

Adjective

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human (neuter singular humant, definite singular and plural humane)

  1. humane

References

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Romansch

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Etymology

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From Latin hūmānus.

Adjective

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human m (feminine singular humana, masculine plural humans, feminine plural humanas)

  1. (Sursilvan) human

Alternative forms

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Noun

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human m (plural humans; feminine humana, plural humanas)

  1. (Sursilvan) (male) human being
    Synonym: carstgaun

Alternative forms

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Serbo-Croatian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /xûmaːn/
  • Hyphenation: hu‧man

Adjective

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hȕmān (Cyrillic spelling ху̏ма̄н, definite hȕmānī, comparative humaniji)

  1. humane (with regard for the health and well-being of another; compassionate)

Declension

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positive indefinite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative human humana humano
genitive humana humane humana
dative humanu humanoj humanu
accusative inanimate
animate 		human
humana 		humanu humano
vocative human humana humano
locative humanu humanoj humanu
instrumental humanim humanom humanim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative humani humane humana
genitive humanih humanih humanih
dative humanim(a) humanim(a) humanim(a)
accusative humane humane humana
vocative humani humane humana
locative humanim(a) humanim(a) humanim(a)
instrumental humanim(a) humanim(a) humanim(a)
positive definite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative humani humana humano
genitive humanog(a) humane humanog(a)
dative humanom(u/e) humanoj humanom(u/e)
accusative inanimate
animate 		humani
humanog(a) 		humanu humano
vocative humani humana humano
locative humanom(e/u) humanoj humanom(e/u)
instrumental humanim humanom humanim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative humani humane humana
genitive humanih humanih humanih
dative humanim(a) humanim(a) humanim(a)
accusative humane humane humana
vocative humani humane humana
locative humanim(a) humanim(a) humanim(a)
instrumental humanim(a) humanim(a) humanim(a)
comparative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative humaniji humanija humanije
genitive humanijeg(a) humanije humanijeg(a)
dative humanijem(u) humanijoj humanijem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		humaniji
humanijeg(a) 		humaniju humanije
vocative humaniji humanija humanije
locative humanijem(u) humanijoj humanijem(u)
instrumental humanijim humanijom humanijim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative humaniji humanije humanija
genitive humanijih humanijih humanijih
dative humanijim(a) humanijim(a) humanijim(a)
accusative humanije humanije humanija
vocative humaniji humanije humanija
locative humanijim(a) humanijim(a) humanijim(a)
instrumental humanijim(a) humanijim(a) humanijim(a)
superlative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative najhumaniji najhumanija najhumanije
genitive najhumanijeg(a) najhumanije najhumanijeg(a)
dative najhumanijem(u) najhumanijoj najhumanijem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		najhumaniji
najhumanijeg(a) 		najhumaniju najhumanije
vocative najhumaniji najhumanija najhumanije
locative najhumanijem(u) najhumanijoj najhumanijem(u)
instrumental najhumanijim najhumanijom najhumanijim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative najhumaniji najhumanije najhumanija
genitive najhumanijih najhumanijih najhumanijih
dative najhumanijim(a) najhumanijim(a) najhumanijim(a)
accusative najhumanije najhumanije najhumanija
vocative najhumaniji najhumanije najhumanija
locative najhumanijim(a) najhumanijim(a) najhumanijim(a)
instrumental najhumanijim(a) najhumanijim(a) najhumanijim(a)

Spanish

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Verb

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human

  1. third-person plural present indicative of humar

Swedish

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Adjective

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human

  1. humane, decent, compassionate
    Deras politik har kritiserats för att inte vara human.
    Their politics have been criticised for being less than humane.
  2. (of prices) reasonable
    Det var ett humant pris.
    That was a reasonable price.

Declension

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Inflection of human
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular human humanare humanast
Neuter singular humant humanare humanast
Plural humana humanare humanast
Masculine plural3 humane humanare humanast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 humane humanare humanaste
All humana humanare humanaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic
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