NORAID
Irish Northern Aid Committee | |
 NORAID logo | |
| Formation | 1969 |
|---|---|
| Founder | Michael Flannery |
| Purpose | Irish reunification, support for the Northern Ireland Peace Process |
| Headquarters | Pearl River, New York |
| Origins | Northern Ireland civil rights movement, The Troubles |
| Services | Fundraising, Irish language education, Republican activism |
Main organ | The Irish People |
NORAID, officially the Irish Northern Aid Committee, is an Irish American membership organization founded after the start of the Troubles in Northern Ireland in 1969. The organization states its mission is to aid in the creation of a United Ireland in the spirit of the 1916 Easter Proclamation and to support the Northern Ireland Peace process. During the Troubles, NORAID was known for raising funds for the Provisional Irish Republican Army and Nationalist relief groups such as Green Cross and An Cumann Cabrach. NORAID runs a newsletter titled The Irish People which provides analysis and coverage of ongoing events in Northern Ireland.
Mission statement
Irish Northern Aid is an American based membership organization that supports through peaceful means, the establishment of a socialist and democratic 32-county Ireland.
Our Strategy: To develop a broad coalition of supporters for Irish Unity through organizing and educating the public, our members, political leaders, and the media.
To support the current Peace Process, including the full implementation of the Good Friday Agreement which was endorsed by the vast majority of the Irish people.
To support a process of National reconciliation and equality for all the citizens of Ireland.
Membership: In keeping with the principles of the 1916 Proclamation, Irish Northern Aid is open to anyone who shares these values.[1]
History
NORAID was organized and directed by Irish immigrant Michael Flannery, who in the 1920s was a member of the IRA North Tipperary Brigade. To collect funds, NORAID organized dinner dances, donations in Irish bars, and direct-mail appeals for support in humanitarian relief in Ireland during the Troubles.[2]
NORAID officials maintained that its money went to two Irish relief organizations, Green Cross (founded in 1973) and An Cumann Cabrach (founded in November 1953), to help families of imprisoned or dead Irish nationalists. However, Unionist politicians, much of the Irish American community, and the British, Irish and United States governments accused NORAID of being a front for the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA), and that it was involved in fundraising for IRA arms importation from North America since the early 1970s.[3][4][5][6] Historian Ed Moloney disputed this by saying that funds raised by NORAID went largely to the families of imprisoned IRA volunteers, and that Clan na Gael was the principal financial backer of the IRA.[7]
In May 1981, the United States Department of Justice won a court case forcing NORAID to register the Provisional Irish Republican Army as its "foreign principal" under the Foreign Agents Registration Act. In his decision, U.S. District Judge Charles S. Haight Jr. wrote: "The uncontroverted evidence is that [Noraid] is an agent of the IRA, providing money and services for other than relief purposes." NORAID lawyers appealed the decision but lost.[2] After three years of fighting, a compromise was reached between federal attorneys and NORAID, allowing it to include with its filings a written statement expressing that the document had been signed under duress and that NORAID maintained that the IRA was not its "foreign principal". NORAID resumed filing its financial returns in July 1984.[8]
By the late 1980s, NORAID was a loose federation of local branches centred on fundraising. Sinn Féin, the political party associated with the IRA, wanted NORAID to expand its activities. At the end of 1988, NORAID agreed to try to broaden its appeal and its executive committee was expanded. Sinn Féin sent an organizer to the United States, and more time and money was devoted to lobbying and propaganda.[9]
Then-president Pat O'Connell said "Americans are fed up with their own nation's politics. They sure as hell don't want to get involved in Irish politics. They only want to give money for the prisoners and their families, not for political lobbying." O'Connell subsequently opened a separate NORAID office in the Bronx.[9]
A letter later published in New York's two Irish weeklies charged that under Martin Galvin and others, NORAID was "being steered in a direction toward politics and away from its original humanitarian objectives."[9] The first name among forty-one signers was Michael Flannery, who in 1986 had quietly resigned from NORAID.[9] Galvin joined Noraid in the early 1970s, and became the committee's publicity director and editor of its weekly newspaper, The Irish People. He later joined the group's board of directors.[10] Galvin split with Sinn Féin in the mid-1990s over the direction of the Northern Ireland peace process.[11]
NORAID has in the past supported "Project Children", a New York-based organization founded in 1975, to provide summer vacations for children from Northern Ireland away from sectarian strife.[12]
In 1994, Sinn Féin was de-listed as a foreign terrorist organization by the US State Department after the start of peace efforts in Northern Ireland.[13] NORAID was supportive of the peace process and the subsequent Good Friday Agreement and is nowadays highly supportive of Sinn Féin.
NORAID published the final issue of The Irish People on 13th March 2004.[14]
See also
References
- ^ "Irish Northern Aid, Inc./Mission Statement". Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ a b "On the trail of US funds for IRA". CSMonitor.com. 14 January 1985. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ Bandit Country: Toby Harnden, ISBN 0-340-71737-8.
- ^ "Decommissioning in the summer - Ahern". BBC News. 12 April 1998. Retrieved 27 September 2008.
- ^ Duffy, Jonathan (26 September 2001). "Rich friends in New York". BBC News. Retrieved 27 September 2008.
- ^ "Passing the Hat for the Provos". Time. 26 November 1979. Archived from the original on 15 October 2010. Retrieved 27 September 2008.
- ^ "Clan na Gael split a worry for Sinn Féin". Sunday Tribune. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ "Irish America and the Ulster Conflict 1968-1995". CAIN Web Service. Retrieved 27 September 2008.
- ^ a b c d Hampson, Rick (11 February 1990). "Irish Nationalism Effort Hurt by Split Into Factions in American Camp : Northern Ireland: The hijacking of the NORAID office last July reduced the flow of dollars to Ireland and raised doubts that the cause could ever win much support in the United States". Articles.latimes.com. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ Brooke, James (14 August 1984). "A New Yorker Backing I.R.A.'S Armed Struggle". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ "Former Noraid chief backs O'Hara". Derry Journal. 20 February 2007. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ Mulligan, Hugh A. (19 December 1997). "Children of Irish Strife Enjoy a Holiday From Hatred : N.Y. Detective Runs Vacation Project From His Kitchen". Articles.latimes.com. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ "AMERICAS | Rich friends in New York". BBC News. 26 September 2001. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
- ^ "University Library: The Irish People". Indiana University. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
External links
- Irish Northern Aid Committee (NORAID)—the University of Ulster's CAIN project entry on NORAID
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