Nanfan Treaty
| Deed from the Five Nations to the King, of their Beaver Hunting Ground | |
|---|---|
 Map showing the approximate range of the "Beaver Hunting Grounds" described in the Nanfan Treaty. | |
| Signed | July 19, 1701 |
| Location | Albany, New York |
| Amendment | September 14, 1726 |
| Parties | |
| Full text | |
 Nanfan Treaty at Wikisource | |
Deed from the Five Nations to the King, of their Beaver Hunting Ground, more commonly known as the Nanfan Treaty, was an agreement made between representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy with John Nanfan, the acting colonial governor of New York, on behalf of The Crown. The treaty was conducted in Albany, New York, on July 19, 1701, and amended by both parties on September 14, 1726.
The Five Nations (which became the 'Six Nations' after 1720) granted "after mature deliberation out of a deep sense of the many Royal favours extended to us by the present great Monarch of England King William the Third" the title to a vast area of land, covering significant portions of the present-day Midwestern United States and southern Ontario that they had claimed as a hunting ground, as far west as 'Quadoge' (now Chicago), by right of conquest during the later Beaver Wars of the 17th century.[1]
As the vast majority of the Beaver Hunting Grounds described in the Nanfan Treaty were also claimed by New France or its Algonquian Indian allies, the French did not recognize the treaty (they did, however, recognize the suzerainty of the British crown over the Iroquois in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht) and the English made no real attempt to settle these parts for the time being. In the amended agreement 25 years later, the strip of land 60 miles wide adjoining Lakes Erie and Ontario, starting at Sandusky Creek, was reserved for continued Six Nations occupation and use, with the permission of its owner under the 1701 agreement, the King of Great Britain.
A copy of the treaty, containing the totem images of more than a dozen Iroquois chiefs, is part of the collections of the British National Archives.[2]
See also
References
- ^ "Nanfan Treaty". Wikisource. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
- ^ "Conveyance of lands by the Native American Chiefs of the Five Nations". CO 5/1046/758. The National Archives. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
Other sources
- "Deed from the Five Nations to the King, of their Beaver Hunting Ground," in A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774–1875
- Copy of the Nanfan Treaty
- Iroquois
- Treaties of Indigenous peoples of North America
- Treaties of the Kingdom of Great Britain
- 1701 treaties
- 1701 in New France
- 1701 in the Thirteen Colonies
- Native American history of Illinois
- Native American history of Indiana
- Native American history of Michigan
- Native American history of New York (state)
- Native American history of Ohio
- Native American history of Pennsylvania
- First Nations history in Ontario
- First Nations history in Quebec
- Louisiana (New France)
- Northwest Territory
- History of the Midwestern United States
- Collection of the National Archives (United Kingdom)