Plectorrhiza: Difference between revisions
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{{taxobox |
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| name = |
| name = Tangle orchids |
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| image = Plectorrhiza brevilabris.jpg |
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| image_caption = ''Plectorrhiza brevilabris'' on [[Cape York Peninsula]] |
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| regnum = [[Plantae]] |
| regnum = [[Plantae]] |
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| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]] |
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]] |
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| genus = '''''Plectorrhiza''''' |
| genus = '''''Plectorrhiza''''' |
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| genus_authority =Dockrill |
| genus_authority =[[Alick William Dockrill|Dockrill]]<ref name="WCSP">{{WCSP |157854 |''Plectorrhiza''}}</ref> |
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'''''Plectorrhiza''''', commonly known as '''tangle orchids''',<ref name="Jones">{{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page=441}}</ref> is a [[genus]] of three species of [[flowering plant]]s from the orchid [[Family (biology)|family]], [[Orchidaceae]] and is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Australia]]. Orchids in the genus ''Plectorrhiza'' are [[Epiphyte|epiphytic]] or [[Lithophyte|lithophytic]] [[Herbaceous plants|herbs]] with short stems, long, tangled roots, short leathery leaves and small flowers on a short, thin flowering stem. Two species occur in eastern Australia and one is endemic to [[Lord Howe Island]]. |
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'''''Plectorrhiza''''' is a [[genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s from the orchid family, [[Orchidaceae]]. It contains three species, all of which are endemic to [[Australia]].<ref>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=157854 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref>Dockrill, Alick William. 1967. Australasian Sarcanthinae 27-28</ref> |
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==Description== |
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Orchids in the genus ''Plectorrhiza'' are epiphytic or lithophytic, [[monopodial]] herbs with long, thick, tangled roots mostly growing in the air. They have two or more short, leathery leaves on each shoot. There are several small, [[Resupination|resupinate]] flowers on a short, thin flowering stem. The [[sepal]]s and [[petal]]s are similar to and free from each other, the petals slightly shorter than the sepals. The [[Labellum (botany)|labellum]] has three lobes and a backward-pointing spur with a hairy, finger-like [[Labellum (botany)|callus]]. |
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==Taxonomy and naming== |
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The genus ''Plectorrhiza'' was first formally described in 1967 by [[Alick William Dockrill|Alick Dockrill]] and the description was published in ''Australasian Sarcanthinae''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Plectorrhiza''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/498375|publisher=APNI|accessdate=27 December 2018}}</ref> The three species of ''Plectorrhiza'' had previously been included in the genus ''[[Cleisostoma]]''. The name ''Plectorrhiza'' is derived from the [[Latin]] words ''plektos'' meaning "plaited" or "twisted"<ref name="RWB">{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref>{{rp|618}} and ''rhiza'' meaning "root".<ref name="RWB" />{{rp|666}} |
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===Species list=== |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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All three species of ''Plectorrhiza'' grow in shady, humid forests. ''Plectorrhiza tridentata'' is the most widespread of the three, growing in eastern [[Queensland]], [[New South Wales]] and the far north-eastern corner of [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]. ''[[Plectorrhiza brevilabris]]'' is only found in Queensland and |
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''[[Plectorrhiza erecta|P. erecta]]'' only in coastal parts of Lord Howe Island. |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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* Berg Pana, H. 2005. ''Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee''. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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[[Category:Aeridinae]] |
[[Category:Aeridinae]] |
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[[Category:Lord Howe Island]] |
[[Category:Lord Howe Island]] |
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{{Vandeae-stub}} |
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Revision as of 21:27, 27 December 2018
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| Plectorrhiza brevilabris on Cape York Peninsula | |
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| Genus: | Plectorrhiza |
Plectorrhiza, commonly known as tangle orchids,[2] is a genus of three species of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae and is endemic to Australia. Orchids in the genus Plectorrhiza are epiphytic or lithophytic herbs with short stems, long, tangled roots, short leathery leaves and small flowers on a short, thin flowering stem. Two species occur in eastern Australia and one is endemic to Lord Howe Island.
Description
Orchids in the genus Plectorrhiza are epiphytic or lithophytic, monopodial herbs with long, thick, tangled roots mostly growing in the air. They have two or more short, leathery leaves on each shoot. There are several small, resupinate flowers on a short, thin flowering stem. The sepals and petals are similar to and free from each other, the petals slightly shorter than the sepals. The labellum has three lobes and a backward-pointing spur with a hairy, finger-like callus.
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Plectorrhiza was first formally described in 1967 by Alick Dockrill and the description was published in Australasian Sarcanthinae.[3] The three species of Plectorrhiza had previously been included in the genus Cleisostoma. The name Plectorrhiza is derived from the Latin words plektos meaning "plaited" or "twisted"[4]: 618 and rhiza meaning "root".[4]: 666
Species list
- Plectorrhiza brevilabris (F.Muell.) Dockrill
- Plectorrhiza erecta (Fitzg.) Dockrill
- Plectorrhiza tridentata (Lindl.) Dockrill
Distribution and habitat
All three species of Plectorrhiza grow in shady, humid forests. Plectorrhiza tridentata is the most widespread of the three, growing in eastern Queensland, New South Wales and the far north-eastern corner of Victoria. Plectorrhiza brevilabris is only found in Queensland and P. erecta only in coastal parts of Lord Howe Island.
See also
References
- ^ "Plectorrhiza". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 441. ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ "Plectorrhiza". APNI. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ a b Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
External links
