The 1st district includes the central area of New Mexico, including almost three-fourths of Albuquerque. Incumbent Democrat Michelle Lujan Grisham, who had represented the district since 2013, ran for re-election. She was re-elected with 59% of the vote in 2014. The district had a PVI of D+7.
The 2nd district includes the southern half of New Mexico, including Las Cruces, Roswell and the southern fourth of Albuquerque. Geographically, it is the sixth largest district in the nation and the 2nd-largest not to comprise an entire state (after Nevada's 2nd district). Incumbent Republican Steve Pearce, who had represented the district since 2011, having previously served between 2003 and 2009, ran for re-election. He was re-elected with 64% of the vote in 2014. The district had a PVI of R+5.
The 3rd district the northern half of New Mexico, including the state's Capital, Santa Fe. Incumbent Democrat Ben R. Luján, who has represented the district since 2009, ran for re-election. He was re-elected with 62% of the vote in 2014 and the district had a PVI of D+8.