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Naval force of the Royal Navy in the Caspian Sea in 1918
Military unit
Caspian Sea and the Caucuses, 1915. Extract from the Birdseye View of Turkey and Baghdad Railway The British Caspian Flotilla was a naval force of the Royal Navy established in the Caspian Sea in 1918. It was part of the allied intervention in the Russian Civil War . The flotilla initially reported to the Rear-Admiral Commanding, Black Sea, Caspian Sea and Sea of Marmora until 1919.
The decision to form the force was made on 11 July 1918 at the British military HQ in Baghdad . Its purpose was twofold:
To seize Krasnovodsk , the east coast terminal of the Trans-Caspian railway , and hence support the British Malleson Mission which was intervening in Turkmenistan .
To prevent Baku and the oilfields around it from falling onto the hands of the Germans or the Ottoman Empire. The force was established under the command of Commodore David Norris in September 1918.[ 1] Enzeli with a convoy of lorries transporting naval guns.[ 2] Coastal Motor Boats sent by train from Batumi the Black Sea .[ 3] Royal Marines .[ 2]
The flotilla maintained bases at Enzeli and Krasnovodsk , and in addition facilitated lines of communication between British land units in Baku , Petrovsk (Chechen Island ), Fort Alexandrovsk .
The flotilla was successful in the Battle of Alexandrovsky Fort in May 1919 against a Bolshevik flotilla.
The Flotilla included:[ 4] [ 5]
^ Stratford, Stephen. "British Military & Criminal History 1900 to 1999" . Retrieved 10 October 2013 . ^ a b Clifford Kinvig (November 23, 2007), Churchill's Crusade , Hambledon & London, ISBN 9781847250216 OCLC 747256147 , OL 9819337M , 1847250211 ^ "The Royal Navy on the Caspian, 1918–1919". Naval Review , 7/8 1919-20. pp87-99 and 218-240*
^ Guard, John. "The Royal Navy in the Caspian Sea 1918-1920" . Great War Primary Document Archive. Retrieved 12 October 2013 . ^ Halpern, Paul (2013). The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919–1929 . Ashgate Publishing.
Clifford Kinvig (2007), Churchill's Crusade, Hambledon & London, ISBN 9781847250216 .
Review. Naval (1919-20) The Royal Navy on the Caspian, 1918–1919".
Halpern, Paul (2013). The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919–1929. Ashgate Publishing.
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