Frankenstein: The True Story

*Frankenstein: The True Story*
Frankenstein: The True Story
	DVD cover
Based on	Frankenstein; by Mary Shelley
Written by	Don Bachardy; Christopher Isherwood;
Directed by	Jack Smight
Starring	James Mason; Leonard Whiting; David McCallum; Jane Seymour; Nicola Pagett; Michael Sarrazin; Michael Wilding; Clarissa Kaye; Agnes Moorehead; Margaret Leighton; Ralph Richardson; John Gielgud; Tom Baker;
Theme music composer	Gil Mellé
Country of origin	United Kingdom; United States;
Original language	English
Production
Producers	Ian Lewis; Hunt Stromberg Jr.;
Cinematography	Arthur Ibbetson
Editor	Richard Marden
Running time	182 minutes
Original release
Release	November 30 –; December 1, 1973

Frankenstein: The True Story is a 1973 British made-for-television film loosely based on the 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley. It was directed by Jack Smight, and the screenplay was written by novelist Christopher Isherwood and his longtime partner Don Bachardy.

The film stars Leonard Whiting as Victor Frankenstein, Jane Seymour as Prima, David McCallum as Henry Clerval, James Mason as Dr. Polidori and Michael Sarrazin as the Creature. James Mason's wife Clarissa Kaye-Mason appeared in the film.

Plot

After his brother William Frankenstein dies in a boating accident, newly trained doctor Victor renounces God and declares his ideal of being able to revive him. Victor starts studying in London, where he meets Henry Clerval, who discovered how to restore dead matter to life. Clerval plans to create a new race of perfect beings from the remains of the dead and persuades Victor to help him. They set to work on creating a perfect human, but Clerval dies of a heart attack before the experiment is completed. Victor chooses to honour Clerval by giving their creation Clerval's brain.

Victor brings their artificial human to life. He introduces his creation into high-class London society, but is shocked to find that there was a flaw in the process used to make him, and the creation's flesh is rapidly decaying. As he deteriorates further, the Creature discovers his deformed appearance and attempts suicide by jumping into the sea. Victor assumes that the Creature is dead.

The Creature washes up on a beach, unharmed and befriends blind peasant Lacey. Lacey introduces his new friend to his granddaughter Agatha and her husband Felix, who are terrified by the creature's appearance. Felix attacks him and, in the ensuing struggle, is killed by the Creature. Agatha, fleeing in terror, is struck by a carriage and dies.

The Creature takes Agatha's body back to the laboratory, intent on asking Victor to revive her. He discovers that Victor has left and the laboratory is now occupied by Dr. Polidori, Clerval's former mentor. Polidori plans to create another creature. Meanwhile, Victor has abandoned his experiments and married a woman named Elizabeth Fanshawe. Polidori blackmails him into assisting with his procedure.

Polidori claims that he was the one who perfected the reanimation of dead flesh, secrets stolen by Clerval. Victor attaches Agatha's head to a new body and they bring to life a female creature, whom Polidori names Prima.

While Victor and Elizabeth are away on their honeymoon, Polidori persuades her family to take Prima in as a house guest. When the couple returns, it becomes evident that Prima is insane, and Elizabeth begs Victor to send her away. Victor confronts Polidori, who agrees to leave with Prima when she becomes an established member of society. Polidori plan to use her as a courtesan to gain international political influence. Before they leave the laboratory, he attempts to destroy the original Creature by having his assistants push him into a vat of acid, but Victor stops them. Polidori locks the Creature in the laboratory and sets the building on fire.

Days later, a ball is held at the Fanshawe mansion to present Prima to the social elite. Prima delights the guests before the badly burned Creature bursts in. He confronts Prima, who attacks him. He decapitates her and throws the head at Polidori's feet as guests flee. The next morning, Victor and Elizabeth are questioned by a constable. Polidori has suffered a nervous breakdown and admitted to reanimating Prima. Victor admits to fashioning the Creature from bodies, but Elizabeth convinces the constable that her husband is deluded and the police leave. Elizabeth persuades Victor to travel to the United States to begin a new life.

After setting sail, Victor and Elizabeth discover that Polidori is also on the ship. Polidori tries to convince Victor to resume the experiments. Unknown to all, the Creature has stowed away, looking for Victor. Elizabeth sees the Creature hiding in Polidori's cabin and locks the two together. Clerval's mind resurfaced in the Creature, and he plans to have his revenge on Polidori. Victor unlocks the door and as the ship's captain and crew become involved, the Creature ties Polidori to the top of a mast. There, Polidori is killed by a lightning strike. Victor, attempting to reason with the Creature, is knocked unconscious and falls to the deck. The crew members flee in a lifeboat while the Creature takes care of Victor.

The Creature lashes the wheel of the ship on a heading straight for the North Pole. In Victor's cabin, Elizabeth confronts the Creature, who strangles her. When Victor awakens, he finds Elizabeth's frozen body on deck and the ship locked in ice. He follows the Creature to an ice cave. Upon Victor's death, the Creature will be utterly alone, cursed with a body that will keep him alive against his will. As Victor begs the Creature's forgiveness, the sound of his shouts sets off an avalanche. As ice begins to fall upon them, the Creature (in Clerval's voice) forgives his creator, who laughs, realizing that their ordeal is at an end.

Cast

James Mason as Dr. Polidori
Leonard Whiting as Dr. Victor Frankenstein
David McCallum as Dr. Henry Clerval
Jane Seymour as Agatha/Prima
Nicola Pagett as Elizabeth Fanshawe
Michael Sarrazin as the Creature
Michael Wilding as Sir Richard Fanshawe
Clarissa Kaye-Mason as Lady Fanshawe
Agnes Moorehead as Mrs. Blair
Margaret Leighton as Francoise DuVal
Ralph Richardson as Mr. Lacey
John Gielgud as Chief Constable (Police)
Tom Baker as Sea Captain
Julian Barnes as Young Man
Arnold Diamond as Passenger in Coach
Yootha Joyce as Hospital Matron
Peter Sallis as Priest
Dallas Adams as Felix

Production

The character of Dr. Polidori, who did not appear in the original novel, was based on the character of Dr. Pretorius from Universal Pictures Bride of Frankenstein, but named after the real-life John Polidori, an acquaintance of author Mary Shelley who was part of the competition that produced her novel. Polidori's own contribution was the first modern vampire story The Vampyre (1819).

A notable feature of the production is that, instead of being ugly from the start, the Creature is portrayed as physically beautiful, but then becoming increasingly hideous as the film progresses.^[1] The make-up was by Hammer horror veteran artist Roy Ashton.

It was broadcast on NBC in late 1973 in two 90-minute parts, but often is seen edited into a single film. Its DVD debut date was September 26, 2006. Included at the beginning is a short introduction featuring James Mason wandering through St John's Wood churchyard, London. He suggests that this is where Mary Shelley is buried, which is incorrect (she is in fact buried in the family plot in Dorset) despite standing beside a gravestone bearing her name.

The film's development and production has been detailed extensively in Little Shoppe of Horrors #38 - which was released in June 2017 - by film director/historian Sam Irvin, who served as guest editor on this issue. He has also covered the production of the film in his book "The Epic Saga Behind FRANKENSTEIN: THE TRUE STORY", released in 2023.

Tie-in novel

The script for the film by Don Bachardy and Christopher Isherwood was published in paperback as a movie tie-in novel.^[2] The script contains a prologue in which Mary Shelley is telling her tale of horror to Percy Shelley and Lord Byron, as Dr. Polidori sulks nearby.^[3] As she reaches their parts in the tale, they rush to join the main action and the story begins. It was revealed in Little Shoppe of Horrors #38 that this prologue was filmed, but cut from the movie due to the station bosses fearing it was too slow-moving an opening and may cause viewers to switch off. If this segment had been included, it would have featured Nicola Pagett as Mary, Leonard Whiting as Shelley, David McCallum as Byron, and James Mason as Polidori.^[3]

The script contains an epilogue following the avalanche:^[4] The season changes, and the northern ice begins to break apart. The Creature's body, still entombed in the remainder of the iceberg, begins to float south into warmer waters. As the ice melts, one of his hands is exposed. Absorbing the rays of the sun, the hand responds, flower-like, and slowly begins to open. This scene was scrapped during production and never filmed, the makers feeling it would undermine the tragedy of the film's ending, and also that it suggested a sequel, whereas the film was always intended to be a standalone.

References

^ Hirschmann, Kris (2012). Frankenstein. San Diego: Capstone. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-60152-318-1.
^ Hitchcock, Susan Tyler (2007). Frankenstein: A Cultural History (1st ed.). New York: W. W. Norton. pp. 322–323. ISBN 978-0-393-06144-4. OCLC 144773881.
^ ^a ^b Berg, James J.; Freeman, Chris (2000). The Isherwood Century: Essays on the Life and Work of Christopher Isherwood. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-299-16704-2.
^ Berg, James J.; Freeman, Chris (2000). The Isherwood Century: Essays on the Life and Work of Christopher Isherwood. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 117–118. ISBN 978-0-299-16704-2.

External links

Quotations related to Frankenstein: The True Story at Wikiquote
Frankenstein: The True Story at IMDb
Frankenstein: The True Story at AllMovie
Frankenstein: The True Story at the TCM Movie Database

[1] Hirschmann, Kris (2012). Frankenstein. San Diego: Capstone. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-60152-318-1.

[2] Hitchcock, Susan Tyler (2007). Frankenstein: A Cultural History (1st ed.). New York: W. W. Norton. pp. 322–323. ISBN 978-0-393-06144-4. OCLC 144773881.

[isherwood-3] Berg, James J.; Freeman, Chris (2000). The Isherwood Century: Essays on the Life and Work of Christopher Isherwood. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-299-16704-2.

[4] Berg, James J.; Freeman, Chris (2000). The Isherwood Century: Essays on the Life and Work of Christopher Isherwood. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 117–118. ISBN 978-0-299-16704-2.

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