List of orbital launch systems

This is a list of conventional orbital launch systems. This is composed of launch vehicles, and other conventional systems, used to place satellites into orbit.

Argentina

ORBIT II – Retired^[1]
TRONADOR – Under Development^[2]

Australia

AUSROC IV – Retired
Eris (Gilmour Space Technologies) – Under Development

Brazil

VLS-1 – Retired
VLM – Under Development

Canada

Aurora – Under development

China

Several rockets of the Long March family

CASC Launchers

Long March
- Long March 1 – Retired
  - Long March 1D
- Long March 2
  - Long March 2A – Retired
  - Long March 2C
  - Long March 2D
  - Long March 2E – Retired
  - Long March 2F – Retired
    - Long March 2F/G
    - Long March 2F/T
- Long March 3 – Retired
  - Long March 3A – Retired
  - Long March 3B – Retired
    - Long March 3B/E
  - Long March 3C – Retired
    - Long March 3C/E
- Long March 4
  - Long March 4A – Retired
  - Long March 4B
  - Long March 4C
- Long March 5
  - Long March 5B
- Long March 6
  - Long March 6A
  - Long March 6C
- Long March 7
  - Long March 7A
- Long March 8
  - Long March 8A
- Long March 9 – Under Development
- Long March 10– Under Development
  - Long March 10A
- Long March 11
- Long March 12

Other

Feng Bao 1 – Retired
Ceres-1
Gravity
- Gravity-1
- Gravity-2 – Under development
Hyperbola-1
- Hyperbola-3
Jielong
- Jielong 1
- Jielong 3
Kaituozhe-1 – Retired
Kuaizhou
- Kuaizhou 1 - Retired
- Kuaizhou 1A
- Kuaizhou 11
Tianlong-2
- Tianlong-3
Zhuque
- Zhuque-1 – Retired
- Zhuque-2
- Zhuque-3 – Under Development
Kinetica 1

European Union

Ariane
- Ariane 1 – Retired
- Ariane 2 – Retired
- Ariane 3 – Retired
- Ariane 4 – Retired
- Ariane 5 – Retired
- Ariane 6 – Operational
- Ariane Next – Under Development
Europa – Retired
- Europa I – Retired
- Europa II – Retired
Vega
- Vega – Retired
- Vega-C – Operational
- Vega-E – Under Development

France

Diamant – Retired
- Diamant A – Retired 1965-1967^[3]
- Diamant B – Retired 1970-1971^[3]
- Diamant BP4 – Retired 1972-1975^[3]
Zéphyr (Latitude) – Under Development

Germany

OTRAG – Retired
Spectrum (Isar Aerospace) – Under Development^[4]
RFA One (Rocket Factory Augsburg AG) – Under Development
SL1 (HyImpulse) – Under Development

India

ISRO's launch vehicles. Left to right: SLV, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV, LVM3

Vikram series, the under development orbital class launch family of Skyroot Aerospace in comparison with already flown Vikram S, the sounding rocket

ISRO/DoS systems

SLV-3 – Retired
Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV) – Retired
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)
- PSLV-G – Retired
- PSLV-CA – Operational
- PSLV-XL – Operational
- PSLV-DL – Operational
- PSLV-QL – Operational
Geosychronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)
- GSLV Mark I – Retired
- GSLV Mark II – Operational
- RLV TD: GSLV derived ascent vehicle for RLV ORE campaign.^[5]^[6]^[7]
Launch Vehicle Mark III (LVM-3)
- LVM 3 – Operational
- Human-rated LVM 3 – Under development
- LVM 3 with semi-cryogenic engine – Under development
Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) – Operational
Nano Satellite Launch Vehicle (NSLV) – Under development
Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) – Under development^[8]^[9]








Private agencies

Vikram (rocket family) (Skyroot Aerospace):
- Vikram I – Under Development
- Vikram II – Proposed
- Vikram III – Proposed

Agnibaan (AgniKul Cosmos) – Under Development
Garuda-I (MTAR) - Under development
Razor Crest Mk I (EtherealX) - Proposed

Iran

Safir – Retired
Simorgh – Operational
Qased – Operational
Qaem 100 – Operational
Qaem 105 – Under Development
Zuljanah – Operational

Iraq

Al Abid – Abandoned in R&D phase^[10]

Israel

Shavit 2

Italy

SISPRE C-41 – Retired
Italian LTV SCOUT (jointly with United States of America) – Retired
AERITALIA/SNIA/BPD ALFA – Retired
ALENIA/SNIA-BPD SAN MARCO SCOUT (jointly with NASA) – Cancelled
Vega (jointly with European Space Agency)
- Vega – Retired
- Vega-C – Operational
T4i Odyssey – Under Development

Italian Rockets

Japan

Active

Inactive

Lambda (ISAS) – Retired
- L-4S
Mu (ISAS) – Retired
- M-4S [ja]^[11]
- M-3C [ja]^[12]
- M-3H [ja]^[13]
- M-3S [ja; pl]^[14]
- M-3SII [ja; pl]^[15]
- M-V
N (NASDA) – Retired
- N-I
- N-II
H-I (NASDA) – Retired
H-II
- H-II (NASDA) – Retired
- H-IIB (JAXA) – Retired
J-I (NASDA/ISAS) – Retired
GX (Galaxy Express) – Cancelled
Epsilon (JAXA) – Retired
- Epsilon S (JAXA) – Under Development
SS-520 (JAXA) – Retired
ZERO (Interstellar Technologies) – Under Development
DECA (Interstellar Technologies) – Under Development

Malaysia

DNLV (Independence-X Aerospace) – Under Development

New Zealand

Electron (Rocket Lab, developed in New Zealand^[16] and the United States)
Neutron – Under Development

North Korea

Chollima-1
Paektusan-1 – Retired
Unha
- Unha-2 – Retired
- Unha-3

Taiwan

TSLV – Under Development^[17]^[18]
Hapith V – Under Development^[19]^[20]
HTTP-3a – Under Development^[21]

Philippines

Haribon SLS-1 (OrbitX) – Under Development

Romania

Haas – Under Development

Singapore

Volans (Equatorial Space Systems) – Under Development

Soviet Union and successor states (Russia and Ukraine)

Russia/USSR

Angara
CORONA (SSTO) – Open
Kosmos – Retired
- Kosmos-1
- Kosmos-2I
- Kosmos-3
- Kosmos-3M
Lin Industrial projects^[22]
- Adler – Under Development^[23]
- Aldan – Under Development^[24]
- Aniva – Under Development^[25]
- Taymyr – Under Development^[26]
- Vyuga – Under Development
N1 – Retired
R-7
- Luna – Retired
- Molniya – Retired
  - Molniya-M
  - Molniya-L
- Polyot – Retired
- Soyuz family
  - Soyuz – Retired
    - Soyuz-L
    - Soyuz-M
    - Soyuz-U – Retired
      - Soyuz-U2
      - Soyuz-FG
    - Soyuz-2
      - Soyuz 2.1A
      - Soyuz 2.1B
      - Soyuz 2.1V
- Sputnik – Retired
- Stalker (rocket)^[27]
- Voskhod – Retired
- Vostok – Retired
  - Vostok-L
  - Vostok-K
  - Vostok-2
  - Vostok-2M
  - Soyuz/Vostok
R-29
- Shtil'
- Volna
Rus-M – Canceled
Start-1
Universal Rocket
- UR-100
  - Rokot
  - Strela
- Proton (UR-500) – Retired
  - Proton-K
  - Proton-M
Energia – Retired

Ukraine

Zenit
- Zenit 2 – Retired
- Zenit-2M – Retired
- Zenit-3SL
- Zenit 3SLB
- Zenit-3F
R-36
- Dnepr
- Tsyklon
  - Tsyklon-2 – Retired
  - Tsyklon-3 – Retired
  - Tsyklon-4 – Abandoned
    - Cyclone-4M – Under Development^[28]

South Africa

RSA – Cancelled
- RSA-1
- RSA-2
- RSA-3
CHEETAH-1 – Under Development^[29]

South Korea

HANBIT family (Innospace) – Under Development^[30]
- HANBIT-Nano
- HANBIT-Micro
- HANBIT-Mini
Blue Whale 1 (Perigee Aerospace) – Under Development
Naro family
- KSLV-1 (Naro) – Retired^[31]^[32]
- KSLV-2 (Nuri)
Solid fueled LV family
- Solid fueled TV2
- Solid fueled LV – Under Development

Spain

INTA Family
- INTA Capricornio – Cancelled
- INTA Programa PILUM – Under Development
PLD Space Family
- PLD Space Miura Next – Under development
- PLD Space Miura 5 – Under development
- PLD Space Miura 1 – Operational^[33]
Pangea Aerospace Family
- Pangea Aerospace Meso – Under development
Zero 2 Infinity Family
- Zero 2 Infinity Bloostar – Under development
Celestia Aerospace Family
- Celestia Aerospace Sagittarius – Under development

Turkey

UFS – Under Development since 2007^[34]

United Kingdom

Black Arrow – Retired
Black Prince – Cancelled^[35]
Prime (Orbex) – Under Development^[36]
Skyrora XL (Skyrora) – Under Development^[37]
Skylon (Reaction Engines) – Under Development

United States

Active

Alpha (Firefly Aerospace)
Antares (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
Atlas V (United Launch Alliance)(Nearing Retirement)
Electron (Rocket Lab) (New Zealand/United States company)
Minotaur (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
Pegasus (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
RS1 (ABL Space Systems)
Space Launch System (NASA)
SpaceX launch vehicles
- Falcon 9 Block 5 – Operational
- Falcon Heavy – Operational
- Starship – In testing
Vulcan Centaur (United Launch Alliance)

Inactive

Comparison of Saturn V, Space Shuttle, three Ares rockets, and SLS Block 1

Ares – Canceled
- Ares I
- Ares IV
- Ares V
Astra Space launch vehicles
- Rocket 3 – Retired
- Rocket 4 – Under development
Athena – Retired
- Athena I
- Athena II
Atlas
- Atlas B – Retired
- Atlas D – Retired
- Atlas-Able – Retired
- Atlas-Agena – Retired
- Atlas E/F – Retired
- Atlas H – Retired
- Atlas LV-3B – Retired
- Atlas SLV-3 – Retired
- Atlas-Centaur – Retired
  - Atlas G – Retired
  - Atlas I – Retired
  - Atlas II – Retired
  - Atlas III – Retired
Conestoga – Retired
LauncherOne
Minotaur
- Minotaur I
- Minotaur IV
- Minotaur V
- Minotaur-C
New Glenn (Blue Origin) – Under Development^[38]
OmegA – Canceled
Orbital Accelerator (SpinLaunch) – Under Development^[39]
Phantom Express – Canceled
Pilot – Retired
Redstone – Retired
- Juno I
- Sparta
Jupiter
- Juno II
Relativity Space launch vehicles
- Terran 1 – Retired
- Terran R – Under Development
Saturn
- Saturn I – Retired 1961-1963^[40]^[41]
  - Saturn IB – Retired 1966-1975^[42]^[43]
- Saturn V – Retired 1967-1973^[44]
Scout – Retired
- Scout X-1
- Scout X-2
- Scout X-2B
- Scout X-2M
- Scout X-3
- Scout X-3M
- Scout X-4
- Scout A
- Scout A-1
- Scout B
- Scout B-1
- Scout D-1
- Scout E-1
- Scout F-1
- Scout G-1
Space Shuttle – Retired
SpaceX launch vehicles
- Falcon 1 – Retired
- Falcon 1e – Canceled
- Falcon 5 – Canceled
- Falcon 9
  - Falcon 9 Air – Canceled
  - Falcon 9 v1.0 – Retired
  - Falcon 9 v1.1 – Retired
  - Falcon 9 Full Thrust – Retired
- Super Heavy (booster) – In testing
Thor – Retired
- Thor-Able – Retired
- Thor-Ablestar – Retired
- Thor-Agena – Retired
  - Thorad-Agena – Retired
- Thor-Burner – Retired
- Thor DSV-2U – Retired
- Delta
  - Thor-Delta – Retired
  - Delta A – Retired
  - Delta B – Retired
  - Delta C – Retired
  - Delta D – Retired
  - Delta E – Retired
  - Delta G – Retired
  - Delta J – Retired
  - Delta L – Retired
  - Delta M – Retired
  - Delta N – Retired
  - Delta II – Retired
  - Delta III – Retired
  - Delta IV – Retired
  - Delta IV Heavy – Retired
Titan – Retired
- Titan II GLV
- Titan 23G
- Titan IIIA
- Titan IIIB
- Titan IIIC
- Titan IIID
- Titan IIIE
- Titan 34D
- Commercial Titan III
- Titan IV
Vanguard – Retired
Vector-R – Under Development
Vector-H – Under Development

References

^ "Argentina Missile Chronology" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
^ "Argentina Plans First Domestic Satellite Launch". Parabolic Arc. 2011-10-09. Archived from the original on 2017-06-03. Retrieved 2013-08-02.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Nov. 26, 1965: France Begins Launch Legacy with Diamant". Space News. 6 December 2007. Retrieved 13 Aug 2022.
^ "German startups launch mini-rocket challenge to SpaceX and co". France 24. 2021-08-04. Retrieved 2022-05-19.
^ "Department of Space,Annual Report 2020-21" (PDF). 4 March 2021. p. 61. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2021. GEV for Orbital Re-entry Experiment (ORE): Launch with 1:8 scale RLV, targeted in first quarter of 2022.
^ "Reusable Launch Vehicle". www.vssc.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
^ "75 Major Activities of ISRO" (PDF). p. 31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 February 2022. In ORE, a scaled up wing body will be taken to an orbit by an ascent vehicle derived from existing GSLV and it stays in orbit for a stipulated period, re-enter and lands on a runway autonomously. The ascent vehicle has first two stages of GSLV viz S139+4L40S & GS2 and a third stage with modified PS4 propulsion system. The winged body which is a scaled up version of the RLV in RLV-TD HEX-01 mission is the fourth stage and this is called Orbital Re-entry Vehicle (ORV). This has a deployable Landing Gear System.
^ "ISRO developing heavy lift launch vehicles". The Hindu. 30 May 2015. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
^ "ISRO developing new rocket to replace PSLV". The New Indian Express. 13 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
^ "Al-Abid LV". Archived from the original on 2017-01-10. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
^ "M-4S / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
^ "M-3C / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-02-18. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
^ "M-3H / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
^ "M-3S / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
^ "M-3SII / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2012-10-18. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
^ "Rocket Lab Celebrates Rich Ten-Year History". Rocket Lab USA. June 30, 2016. Archived from the original on July 31, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
^ "TSLV". Archived from the original on 2017-03-02. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
^ "Launch vehicles - Taiwan (Republic of China)". Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2020-05-30.
^ "Taiwan's TiSPACE Enters Crowded Small Satellite Launch Market with Large Ambitions - SpaceWatch.Global". 20 December 2019. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2020-05-30.
^ "TECHNOLOGY - TiSPACE". Archived from the original on 2021-04-09. Retrieved 2019-12-28.
^ "About | Arrc". Archived from the original on 2020-07-17. Retrieved 2020-05-30.
^ "Home". Archived from the original on 2017-06-02. Retrieved 2016-02-07.
^ "Adler smallsat launch vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2016-02-07.
^ "Aldan microsat launch vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2016-02-07.
^ "Aniva microsat launch vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2016-02-07.
^ "Taymyr Microsat Launch Vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-06-14. Retrieved 2016-02-07.
^ "Кто зарабатывает на космосе в России и мире" [Making Money in Space: Russian and International Players] (in Russian). RBC Trends. 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-11-11.
^ Golubeva, Alena (9 April 2021). "Максим Дегтярев: "Спрос на выведение грузов на орбиту будет расти"" [Maxim Degtyarev: "The demand for placing cargo into orbit will grow"]. GMK Center (in Russian). Retrieved 11 May 2021.
^ "CHEETAH-1". b14643.de. Archived from the original on 2012-12-27. Retrieved 2013-02-02.
^ "5t급 국산 우주 로켓엔진 불 뿜었다…하이브리드 로켓엔진 개발하는 이노스페이스는 어떤 기업인가" [A 5t-class domestic space rocket ignited its engine... Who is Innospace, a company behind the development of a hybrid rocket engine?] (in Korean). 27 January 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
^ Tong-hyung, Kim (2008-07-23). "Russia Dragging Feet Over Korean Rocket Launch". Korea Times. Archived from the original on 2011-05-22. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
^ "South Korea's First Rocket Launch Might Be Put Off". Space-Travel.com. 2008-07-24. Archived from the original on 2009-01-29. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
^ Limón, Raúl (2023-10-06). "El 'Miura 1' despega con éxito desde Huelva y mete a España en el exclusivo club de países con acceso al espacio". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-10-18.
^ "UFS". Archived from the original on 2017-12-05. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
^ "Black Prince (project)". b14643.de. Archived from the original on 2017-03-10. Retrieved 2019-11-11.
^ "Startup Company Orbex Reveals Prime Rocket That Could Launch From The U.K. In 2021". Forbes. 2019-02-07. Archived from the original on 2019-11-04. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
^ "Skyrora Reveals Launch Of Second Private Rocket From U.K. Soil". Forbes. 2019-08-08. Archived from the original on 2019-09-04. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
^ "Jeff Bezos is not screwing around with his plans to colonize space". ars Technica. 2016-09-12. Archived from the original on 2017-12-03. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
^ Wattles, Jackie (2022-05-11). "Watch a space startup spin a projectile into the sky at more than 1,000 miles per hour | CNN Business". CNN. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
^ Mars, Kelli (2021-10-26). "60 Years Ago: First Launch of a Saturn Rocket". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
^ Mohon, Lee (2021-03-31). "SA-4 Launches – March 28, 1963". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
^ Smith, Yvette (2020-02-26). "First Flight of Saturn IB". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
^ Mohon, Lee (2021-07-14). "Final Launch of the Saturn IB – July 15, 1975". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
^ "What Was the Saturn V?". NASA Solar System Exploration. 17 September 2010. Retrieved 2022-08-13.

[1] "Argentina Missile Chronology" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2012-12-30.

[2] "Argentina Plans First Domestic Satellite Launch". Parabolic Arc. 2011-10-09. Archived from the original on 2017-06-03. Retrieved 2013-08-02.

[Diamant-3] "Nov. 26, 1965: France Begins Launch Legacy with Diamant". Space News. 6 December 2007. Retrieved 13 Aug 2022.

[4] "German startups launch mini-rocket challenge to SpaceX and co". France 24. 2021-08-04. Retrieved 2022-05-19.

[5] "Department of Space,Annual Report 2020-21" (PDF). 4 March 2021. p. 61. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2021. GEV for Orbital Re-entry Experiment (ORE): Launch with 1:8 scale RLV, targeted in first quarter of 2022.

[6] "Reusable Launch Vehicle". www.vssc.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-10-28.

[7] "75 Major Activities of ISRO" (PDF). p. 31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 February 2022. In ORE, a scaled up wing body will be taken to an orbit by an ascent vehicle derived from existing GSLV and it stays in orbit for a stipulated period, re-enter and lands on a runway autonomously. The ascent vehicle has first two stages of GSLV viz S139+4L40S & GS2 and a third stage with modified PS4 propulsion system. The winged body which is a scaled up version of the RLV in RLV-TD HEX-01 mission is the fourth stage and this is called Orbital Re-entry Vehicle (ORV). This has a deployable Landing Gear System.

[Hindu-8] "ISRO developing heavy lift launch vehicles". The Hindu. 30 May 2015. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2015.

[9] "ISRO developing new rocket to replace PSLV". The New Indian Express. 13 October 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2022.

[10] "Al-Abid LV". Archived from the original on 2017-01-10. Retrieved 2014-07-06.

[11] "M-4S / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-01-07.

[12] "M-3C / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-02-18. Retrieved 2013-01-07.

[13] "M-3H / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-01-07.

[14] "M-3S / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-01-07.

[15] "M-3SII / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. Archived from the original on 2012-10-18. Retrieved 2013-01-07.

[16] "Rocket Lab Celebrates Rich Ten-Year History". Rocket Lab USA. June 30, 2016. Archived from the original on July 31, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2019.

[17] "TSLV". Archived from the original on 2017-03-02. Retrieved 2014-07-06.

[18] "Launch vehicles - Taiwan (Republic of China)". Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2020-05-30.

[19] "Taiwan's TiSPACE Enters Crowded Small Satellite Launch Market with Large Ambitions - SpaceWatch.Global". 20 December 2019. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Retrieved 2020-05-30.

[20] "TECHNOLOGY - TiSPACE". Archived from the original on 2021-04-09. Retrieved 2019-12-28.

[21] "About | Arrc". Archived from the original on 2020-07-17. Retrieved 2020-05-30.

[22] "Home". Archived from the original on 2017-06-02. Retrieved 2016-02-07.

[23] "Adler smallsat launch vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2016-02-07.

[24] "Aldan microsat launch vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2016-02-07.

[25] "Aniva microsat launch vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2016-02-07.

[26] "Taymyr Microsat Launch Vehicle". Archived from the original on 2017-06-14. Retrieved 2016-02-07.

[trendsrbc-27] "Кто зарабатывает на космосе в России и мире" [Making Money in Space: Russian and International Players] (in Russian). RBC Trends. 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-11-11.

[28] Golubeva, Alena (9 April 2021). "Максим Дегтярев: "Спрос на выведение грузов на орбиту будет расти"" [Maxim Degtyarev: "The demand for placing cargo into orbit will grow"]. GMK Center (in Russian). Retrieved 11 May 2021.

[29] "CHEETAH-1". b14643.de. Archived from the original on 2012-12-27. Retrieved 2013-02-02.

[30] "5t급 국산 우주 로켓엔진 불 뿜었다…하이브리드 로켓엔진 개발하는 이노스페이스는 어떤 기업인가" [A 5t-class domestic space rocket ignited its engine... Who is Innospace, a company behind the development of a hybrid rocket engine?] (in Korean). 27 January 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.

[31] Tong-hyung, Kim (2008-07-23). "Russia Dragging Feet Over Korean Rocket Launch". Korea Times. Archived from the original on 2011-05-22. Retrieved 2008-12-29.

[32] "South Korea's First Rocket Launch Might Be Put Off". Space-Travel.com. 2008-07-24. Archived from the original on 2009-01-29. Retrieved 2008-12-29.

[33] Limón, Raúl (2023-10-06). "El 'Miura 1' despega con éxito desde Huelva y mete a España en el exclusivo club de países con acceso al espacio". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-10-18.

[34] "UFS". Archived from the original on 2017-12-05. Retrieved 2014-07-06.

[35] "Black Prince (project)". b14643.de. Archived from the original on 2017-03-10. Retrieved 2019-11-11.

[36] "Startup Company Orbex Reveals Prime Rocket That Could Launch From The U.K. In 2021". Forbes. 2019-02-07. Archived from the original on 2019-11-04. Retrieved 2019-09-12.

[37] "Skyrora Reveals Launch Of Second Private Rocket From U.K. Soil". Forbes. 2019-08-08. Archived from the original on 2019-09-04. Retrieved 2019-09-12.

[38] "Jeff Bezos is not screwing around with his plans to colonize space". ars Technica. 2016-09-12. Archived from the original on 2017-12-03. Retrieved 2019-09-12.

[39] Wattles, Jackie (2022-05-11). "Watch a space startup spin a projectile into the sky at more than 1,000 miles per hour | CNN Business". CNN. Retrieved 2022-08-13.

[40] Mars, Kelli (2021-10-26). "60 Years Ago: First Launch of a Saturn Rocket". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.

[41] Mohon, Lee (2021-03-31). "SA-4 Launches – March 28, 1963". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.

[42] Smith, Yvette (2020-02-26). "First Flight of Saturn IB". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.

[43] Mohon, Lee (2021-07-14). "Final Launch of the Saturn IB – July 15, 1975". NASA. Retrieved 2022-08-13.

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v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H-IIA H3 Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 7 7A 8 11 11H 12 LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Cyclone-4M Deca Epsilon S Eris Gravity-2 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 Miura 5 MLV Neutron New Glenn New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zhuque 3 Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos original 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 RS1^† Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit original 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O original 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega original VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^†
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)

List of orbital launch systems

Argentina

Australia

Brazil

Canada

China

CASC Launchers

Other

European Union

France

Germany

India

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Italy

Japan

Active

Inactive

Malaysia

New Zealand

North Korea

Taiwan

Philippines

Romania

Singapore

Soviet Union and successor states (Russia and Ukraine)

South Africa

South Korea

Spain

Turkey

United Kingdom

United States

Active

Inactive

See also

References

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