Miklós Ybl

Miklós Ybl
Miklós Ybl
	Miklós Ybl (1865)
Born	Miklós Ybl; 6 April 1814; Székesfehérvár, Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire
Died	22 January 1891; Budapest, Austria-Hungary
Nationality	Hungarian
Alma mater	TU Wien, Vienna ; Munich Academy, Munich ; Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris
Occupation	Architect
Spouse	Ida Lafite
Children	Félix
Practice	Henrik Koch ; Mihály Pollack
Buildings	Budapest Opera House ; Saint Stephen's Basilica ; Buda Castle

Miklós Ybl (6 April 1814 in Székesfehérvár – 22 January 1891 in Budapest) was one of Europe's leading architects in the mid to late nineteenth century as well as Hungary's most influential architect during his career.^[1] His most well-known work is the Hungarian State Opera House in Budapest (1875–84).

Background

After graduating from the Institute of Technology in Vienna, Ybl became Mihály Pollack's assistant in 1832 and worked in Henrik Koch's office between 1836 and 1840. Following this, he moved to Munich and studied at the Academy of Fine Arts and then to Italy to study. After his return, he entered into partnership with the son of Mihály Pollack, Ágoston; together they refurbished the Ikervár castle of Count Lajos Batthyány. His first main work was the church in Fót, built between 1845 and 1855.^[2]

His early, large projects were built in Romantic style, influenced by eastern motifs. Although Romanesque shapes also occur in his later buildings, after his second study tour to Italy from 1860 he became interested in the possibility of the revitalisation of the Italian Renaissance style, and designed several neo-Renaissance buildings. Many of his buildings became, and indeed are still today, determinant elements of the cityscape of Budapest: Saint Stephen's Basilica (1867–91), the Rác Thermal Bath, the former Palace of Customs, (1871–74), and the throne room and Krisztinaváros wing of the Royal Palace. He also built countless churches, apartments and castles in the provinces.

The annual architectural prize founded in 1953 was named after him in his honor.^{[citation needed]}

2014 was named "Ybl Memorial Year" in Hungary. ^[1]^[3]

Gallery

Catholic church in Fót
Károlyi Palace, Budapest
Ybl designed the Palace of Customs which today houses the Corvinus University of Budapest
Saint Stephen's Basilica in Budapest
Ikervár - Palace

Major works

Ybl's burial place, plot 34/1, in the Kerepesi Cemetery, Budapest

1845–1849. Fót, Károlyi castle rebuilding
1845–1855. Fót, Roman Catholic church
cc. 1852. Budapest, Grabovszky – (Rózsa-) villa
1857–58. Budapest, National stables
cc. 1860. Albertirsa, Szapáry chapel crypt
cc. 1860. Leányfalu, Gyulai-villa
cc. 1860. Gerla [hu], Wenckheim castle
1860–1864. Nagycenk, R.C. church
from 1862 Kecskemét, Evangelical church
1862–1865. Budapest, Festetics palace
1862-1864. Ečka, R.C. church
1863. Budapest, German theatre (not built)
from 1863. Budapest, Károly palace
1863–1864. Budapest, MTA building
cc. 1865. Fegyvernek, Szapáry castle
1865–1866. Budapest, old parliament building
1865–1879. Budapest, R.C. church, Bakáts squ.
1867. Budapest, Pálffy palace
1867–1891. Budapest, Szent István basilica. Began by Hild, continued by Ybl and finished by J. Kauser
1869. First National Savings Bank of Pest
1870–1874. Budapest, Customs house
1871. Budapest, Margit bridge (not built)
cc. 1872. Parád, Ybl Hotel
1873–1884. Budapest, Hungarian State Opera House
1874–1982. Budapest, Castle kiosk and bazaar
1875–1879. Ókígyós, Wenckheim castle
1880–1882. Parádsasvár, Károlyi castle
1880–1891. Budapest, Castle hill remodelling
1882–1888. Budapest, Budapest Clarisseum R.C. church
1883–1884. Budapest, Széchenyi palace (demolished)
cc. 1888. Parád, Erzsébet Hotel
and other structures in Csurgó, Doboz, Kétegyháza, Lengyeltóti, Mácsa, Marcali, Ókigyós, Surány, etc.

References

^ ^a ^b Ritoók, Pal; Sisa, József (December 2014). "MIKLÓS YBL (1814-1891) BICENTENARY: SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITIONS ON THE OCCASION OF THE BICENTENARY OF THE ARCHITECT'S BIRTH". Acta Historiae Artium. 55 (1). doi:10.1556/AHistA.55.2014.1.4. ISSN 0001-5830. Retrieved November 27, 2022.
^ "Ybl, Miklós". Oxford Art Online. 2003. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T092747. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
^ Sullivan, Ferenc (12 December 2014). "Ybl Memorial Year Hailed A Success – Palace Quarter Reconstruction To Continue". Hungary Today. Retrieved 28 November 2022.

External links

Media related to Miklós Ybl at Wikimedia Commons

"Ybl Miklós" (in Hungarian).

[bicentenary-1] Ritoók, Pal; Sisa, József (December 2014). "MIKLÓS YBL (1814-1891) BICENTENARY: SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITIONS ON THE OCCASION OF THE BICENTENARY OF THE ARCHITECT'S BIRTH". Acta Historiae Artium. 55 (1). doi:10.1556/AHistA.55.2014.1.4. ISSN 0001-5830. Retrieved November 27, 2022.

[2] "Ybl, Miklós". Oxford Art Online. 2003. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T092747. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4. Retrieved 28 November 2022.

[3] Sullivan, Ferenc (12 December 2014). "Ybl Memorial Year Hailed A Success – Palace Quarter Reconstruction To Continue". Hungary Today. Retrieved 28 November 2022.

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