STS-96

STS-96
	Jernigan outside Unity, during the mission's only EVA
Names	Space Transportation System-96
Mission type	ISS assembly; ISS logistics
Operator	NASA
COSPAR ID	1999-030A
SATCAT no.	25760
Mission duration	9 days, 19 hours, 13 minutes, 57 seconds
Distance travelled	6,000,000 kilometres (3,700,000 mi)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Space Shuttle Discovery
Launch mass	118,857 kilograms (262,035 lb)
Landing mass	100,230 kilograms (220,980 lb)
Payload mass	9,097 kilograms (20,056 lb)
Crew
Crew size	7
Members	Kent V. Rominger; Rick D. Husband; Daniel T. Barry; Ellen Ochoa; Tamara E. Jernigan; Julie Payette; Valeri I. Tokarev;
Start of mission
Launch date	27 May 1999, 10:49:42 UTC
Launch site	Kennedy, LC-39B
End of mission
Landing date	6 June 1999, 06:02:43 UTC
Landing site	Kennedy, SLF Runway 15
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	326 kilometres (203 mi)
Apogee altitude	340 kilometres (210 mi)
Inclination	51.6 degrees
Period	91.2 min
Docking with ISS
Docking port	PMA-2; (Unity forward)
Docking date	29 May 1999, 04:23 UTC
Undocking date	3 June 1999, 22:39 UTC
Time docked	5 days, 18 hours, 15 minutes
	; Left to right - Front row: Rominger, Ochoa, Husband; Back row: Barry, Payette, Tokarev, Jernigan Space Shuttle program ← STS-88 (93) STS-93 (95) →

STS-96 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle Discovery, and the first shuttle flight to dock^[a] at the International Space Station. It was Discovery's 26th flight.^[1]^[2] The shuttle carried the Spacehab module in the payload, filled with cargo for station outfitting. STS-96 launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on 27 May 1999 at 06:49:42 AM EDT and returned to Kennedy on 6 June 1999, 2:02:43 AM EDT.^[1]

Crew


Position	Astronaut
Commander	Kent V. Rominger Fourth spaceflight
Pilot	Rick D. Husband First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 1 EVA Specialist 1	Daniel T. Barry Second spaceflight
Mission Specialist 2 Flight Engineer Payload Commander RMS Operator	Ellen Ochoa Third spaceflight
Mission Specialist 3 EVA Specialist 2	Tamara E. Jernigan Fifth and last spaceflight
Mission Specialist 4 Intravehicular Support	Julie Payette, CSA First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 5	Valeri I. Tokarev, RKA First spaceflight

Space walk

Jernigan and Barry – EVA 1
EVA 1 Start: 30 May 1999 – 02:56 UTC
EVA 1 End: 30 May 1999 – 10:51 UTC
Duration: 7 hours, 55 minutes

Crew seat assignments

Seat^[3]	Launch	Landing	Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck. Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck.
1	Rominger
2	Husband
3	Barry	Payette
4	Ochoa
5	Jernigan
6	Payette	Barry
7	Tokarev

Mission highlights

Illustration of the International Space Station (ISS) during Space Shuttle flight STS-96
Integrated Cargo Carrier (ICC), with among other the Russian cargo crane "STRELA", which was mounted on the ISS

STS-96 was a logistics and resupply mission for the International Space Station carrying the Spacehab Double Module (DM) 13th Spacehab overall (6th dual module use).

Space Shuttle Discovery carried to the ISS an Integrated Cargo Carrier (ICC) with parts for the Russian cargo crane STRELA, which was mounted to the exterior of the Russian station segment. Furthermore, the ICC carried the SPACEHAB Oceaneering Space System Box (SHOSS) and the "ORU Transfer Device" (OTD), a U.S. built crane.

Other payloads on STS-96 were the Student Tracked Atmospheric Research Satellite for Heuristic International Networking Equipment (STARSHINE), the Shuttle Vibration Forces Experiment (SVF) and the Orbiter Integrated Vehicle Health Monitoring – HEDS Technology Demonstration (IVHM HTD).

The STARSHINE satellite consists of an inert, 483 millimetres (19.0 in) hollow sphere covered by 1,000 evenly distributed, flat, polished mirrors, each 1 inch in diameter. The payload consists of the STARSHINE satellite, integrated with the Pallet Ejection System (PES), then mounted inside a lidless carrier. The HH equipment consists of one HH Lightweight Avionics Plate (LAP), then mounted inside a lidless carrier. Additional HH equipment consists of one Hitchhiker Ejection System Electronics (HESE), one 5.0 cubic-foot (142 L) HH canister, and one Adapter Beam Assembly (ABA). The purpose of the mission was to train international student volunteer observers to visually track this optically reflective spacecraft during morning and evening twilight intervals for several months, calculate its orbit from shared observations, and derive atmospheric density from drag-induced changes in its orbit over time.

Space Shuttle *Discovery* launches on STS-96 from Kennedy Space Center, 27 May 1999.

The Shuttle Vibration Forces (SVF) Experiment provided flight measurements of the vibratory forces acting between an aerospace payload and its mounting structure. The force transducers were incorporated into four custom brackets which replaced the existing brackets used to attach the 5 ft (1.5 m) standard canister to the side wall GAS adapter beam. The payload was activated automatically by the Orbiter Lift-off vibration and operated for approximately 100 seconds. STS-96 was the second flight of the SVF experiment.

The purpose of the Orbiter Integrated Vehicle Health Monitoring- HEDS Technology Demonstration (IVHM HTD) was to demonstrate competing modern, off-the-shelf sensing technologies in an operational environment to make informed design decisions for the eventual Orbiter upgrade IVHM. The objective of IVHM was to reduce planned ground processing, streamline problem troubleshooting (unplanned ground processing), enhance visibility into systems operation and improve overall vehicle safety.

A copy of Blizzard Entertainment's StarCraft real-time strategy game was also flown aboard STS-96. It resides at Blizzard's headquarters in Irvine, California.

Wake-up calls

NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the Gemini program, which was first used to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15.^[4] Each track is specially chosen, often by their families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.^[4]^[5]

Flight Day	Song	Artist/Composer
Day 2	"California Dreamin"	Mamas and the Papas
Day 3	"Danger Zone"	Kenny Loggins
Day 4	Themes from Star Wars	Space Center Intermediate Band
Day 5	"Morning Colors"	US Coast Guard Band
Day 6	"Amarillo by Morning"	George Strait
Day 7	"Exultate Jubilate"	Mozart
Day 9	"Free Bird"	Lynyrd Skynyrd

Notes

a.^ Although STS-96 was the first Space Shuttle mission to perform a docking maneuver with the ISS, it was not the first to visit the station. During the previous mission, STS-88, the Space Shuttle Endeavour used the Canadarm to first attach the newly delivered Unity module to its airlock, then grasp the Zarya module to join it with Unity. Because the Shuttle's robotic arm was used to connect both modules to the spacecraft, this counted as a berthing rather than a docking despite the final configuration being identical to STS-96. See Docking and berthing of spacecraft

References

^ ^a ^b Warnock, Lynda. "STS-96". www.nasa.gov. NASA. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
^ "The International Lab in Space Helps Prepare for Life Beyond". American Association for the Advancement of Science. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
^ "STS-96". Spacefacts. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
^ ^a ^b Fries, Colin (25 June 2007). "Chronology of Wakeup Calls" (PDF). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2007.
^ "STS-96 Wakeup Calls". NASA. 11 May 2009. Archived from the original on 19 May 2000. Retrieved 31 July 2009.

External links

NASA mission summary Archived 30 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
STS-96 Video Highlights Archived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine

[mission_page-1] Warnock, Lynda. "STS-96". www.nasa.gov. NASA. Retrieved 15 June 2020.

[2] "The International Lab in Space Helps Prepare for Life Beyond". American Association for the Advancement of Science. Retrieved 15 June 2020.

[sfde_sts96-3] "STS-96". Spacefacts. Retrieved 26 February 2014.

[chronology-4] Fries, Colin (25 June 2007). "Chronology of Wakeup Calls" (PDF). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 June 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2007.

[wakeup-5] "STS-96 Wakeup Calls". NASA. 11 May 2009. Archived from the original on 19 May 2000. Retrieved 31 July 2009.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

v t e Human spaceflights to the International Space Station
See also: ISS expeditions, Uncrewed ISS flights
1998–2004	1998 STS-88 1999 STS-96 2000 STS-101 106 92 Soyuz TM-31 STS-97 2001 STS-98 102 100 Soyuz TM-32 STS-104 105 Soyuz TM-33 STS-108 2002 STS-110 Soyuz TM-34 STS-111 112 Soyuz TMA-1 STS-113 2003 Soyuz TMA-2 TMA-3 2004 Soyuz TMA-4 TMA-5	International Space Station Emblem
2005–2009	2005 Soyuz TMA-6 STS-114 Soyuz TMA-7 2006 Soyuz TMA-8 STS-121 115 Soyuz TMA-9 STS-116 2007 Soyuz TMA-10 STS-117 118 Soyuz TMA-11 STS-120 2008 STS-122 123 Soyuz TMA-12 STS-124 Soyuz TMA-13 STS-126 2009 STS-119 Soyuz TMA-14 TMA-15 STS-127 128 Soyuz TMA-16 STS-129 Soyuz TMA-17
2010–2014	2010 STS-130 Soyuz TMA-18 STS-131 132 Soyuz TMA-19 TMA-01M TMA-20 2011 STS-133 Soyuz TMA-21 STS-134 Soyuz TMA-02M STS-135 Soyuz TMA-22 TMA-03M 2012 Soyuz TMA-04M TMA-05M TMA-06M TMA-07M 2013 Soyuz TMA-08M TMA-09M TMA-10M TMA-11M 2014 Soyuz TMA-12M TMA-13M TMA-14M TMA-15M
2015–2019	2015 Soyuz TMA-16M TMA-17M TMA-18M TMA-19M 2016 Soyuz TMA-20M MS-01 MS-02 MS-03 2017 Soyuz MS-04 MS-05 MS-06 MS-07 2018 Soyuz MS-08 MS-09 MS-10† MS-11 2019 Soyuz MS-12 MS-13 MS-15
Since 2020	2020 Soyuz MS-16 SpaceX Demo-2 Soyuz MS-17 SpaceX Crew-1 2021 Soyuz MS-18 SpaceX Crew-2 Soyuz MS-19 SpaceX Crew-3 Soyuz MS-20 2022 Soyuz MS-21 Axiom-1 SpaceX Crew-4 Soyuz MS-22 SpaceX Crew-5 2023 Soyuz MS-23 SpaceX Crew-6 Axiom-2 SpaceX Crew-7 Soyuz MS-24 2024 Axiom-3 SpaceX Crew-8 Soyuz MS-25 Boeing CFT Soyuz MS-26 SpaceX Crew-9
Future	2025 SpaceX Crew-10 Soyuz MS-27 Axiom-4 Boeing Starliner-1
Individuals	List of ISS visitors crew
Vehicles	Past Space Shuttle Present Boeing Starliner Crew Dragon Soyuz Future Orel
Ongoing spaceflights are in underline † - mission failed to reach ISS

v t e Space Shuttle Discovery (OV-103)
Completed flights	STS-41-D STS-51-A STS-51-C STS-51-D STS-51-G STS-51-I STS-26 STS-29 STS-33 STS-31 STS-41 STS-39 STS-48 STS-42 STS-53 STS-56 STS-51 STS-60 STS-64 STS-63 STS-70 STS-82 STS-85 STS-91 STS-95 STS-96 STS-103 STS-92 STS-102 STS-105 STS-114 STS-121 STS-116 STS-120 STS-124 STS-119 STS-128 STS-131 STS-133
Status	Retired
On display	Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, Washington, D.C.
Related	Destiny in Space (1994 documentary)

v t e ← 1998 Orbital launches in 1999 2000 →
January	Mars Polar Lander ROCSAT-1
February	Stardust Globalstar 23, Globalstar 36, Globalstar 38, Globalstar 40 Telstar 6 JCSAT-6 Soyuz TM-29 ARGOS, Ørsted, SUNSAT Arabsat 3A, Skynet 4E Globus No.15
March	Wide Field Infrared Explorer Globalstar 23, Globalstar 37, Globalstar 41, Globalstar 46 AsiaSat 3S DemoSat
April	Progress M-41, Sputnik 99 INSAT-2E USA-142 Eutelsat W3 Globalstar 19, Globalstar 42, Globalstar 44, Globalstar 45 Landsat 7 UoSAT-12 Ikonos-1 ABRIXAS, Megsat-0 USA-143
May	Orion 3 Feng Yun 1C, Shijian 5 TERRIERS, MUBLCOM Nimiq 1 USA-144 Oceansat-1, Kitsat-3, DLR-Tubsat STS-96 (Starshine 1)
June	Globalstar 25, Globalstar 47, Globalstar 49, Globalstar 52 Iridium 14A, Iridium 21A Astra 1H QuikSCAT FUSE
July	Gran' No.45 Molniya 3-50 Globalstar 30, Globalstar 32, Globalstar 35, Globalstar 51 Progress M-42 Okean-O No.1 STS-93 (Chandra) Globalstar 26, Globalstar 28, Globalstar 43, Globalstar 48
August	Telkom 1, Globalstar 24, Globalstar 27, Globalstar 53, Globalstar 54 Kosmos 2365 Kosmos 2366
September	Koreasat 3 Yamal-101, Yamal-102 Foton 12 Globalstar 33, Globalstar 50, Globalstar 55, Globalstar 58 EchoStar V Ikonos 2 Telstar 7 LMI-1 Resurs F-1M
October	USA-145 DirecTV-1R CBERS-1, SACI-1 Globalstar 31, Globalstar 56, Globalstar 57, Globalstar 59 Orion 2 Ekspress A1
November	GE-4 MTSAT-1 Shenzhou 1 Globalstar 29, Globalstar 34, Globalstar 39, Globalstar 61 USA-146
December	Hélios 1B, Clémentine Orbcomm FM30, Orbcomm FM31, Orbcomm FM32, Orbcomm FM33, Orbcomm FM34, Orbcomm FM35, Orbcomm FM36 XMM-Newton † VLS-1 V02 (SACI-2) USA-147 Terra STS-103 Arirang-1, ACRIMSAT, Millennial Galaxy 11 Kosmos 2367 Kosmos 2368
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).