St. George Serbian Church, Timișoara
| St. George Serbian Church | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Serbian Orthodox |
| Patron | St. George |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 1 Trajan Square, Timișoara |
| Geographic coordinates | 45°45′27″N 21°15′3″E / 45.75750°N 21.25083°E |
| Architecture | |
| Style | Baroque |
| Groundbreaking | 1745 |
| Completed | 1755 |
The St. George Serbian Church (Romanian: Biserica sârbească „Sf. Gheorghe”; Serbian: Српска црква Св. Ђорђе, romanized: Srpska crkva Sv. Đorđe) is a Serbian Orthodox church in the Fabric district of Timișoara. Located in Trajan Square, it is one of the three Serbian Orthodox churches in the city, along with the Serbian Orthodox Cathedral in Cetate's Union Square and the St. Nicholas Church in Mehala's Avram Iancu Square.
History
[edit]A small Orthodox church existed here since Ottoman rule. In the 17th century this church was in an advanced state of degradation and was replaced by a wooden church. But the first representative Orthodox church in the Fabric district is St. George Church.[1] In fact, after the fire that destroyed the Orthodox church in the Cetate district in 1737, the church in Fabric became the only place of worship for the Orthodox in the city.[2] It was built between 1745 and 1755, in the Baroque style. The church tower, with elements of classical architecture, was raised in 1890, because taller buildings had been built in the square, which dominated the church from an architectural point of view.[3]
During the period in which it was built, the Romanian patriarchates in Banat had been transferred under the jurisdiction of the Serbian metropolis, which had moved its seat from Belgrade to Timișoara. Thus, St. George Church was a place of worship for Romanian and Serbian Orthodox parishioners, with services being held in both languages.[4] But there were dissensions between the two communities, the Romanians wanting the hierarchical separation of the two churches. Thus, at the Great Assembly on Câmpia Libertății in 1848, one of the Romanians' demands was the recognition of a Romanian metropolitan in Timișoara. In 1865, the hierarchical separation of the Romanian Orthodox Church from the Serbian one was decided. A few years later, the St. George Church is declared by a court decision to belong only to the Serbian Orthodox community, and the Romanian Orthodox will build a new church in the Fabric district – St. Elijah Church.[2]
Architecture
[edit]The church consists of a rectangular nave, a slender tower, attached to the main facade and a polygonal choir, the nave being provided with a gabled roof. The three levels of the tower are bounded by girdles.[5] The interior of the church was created in 1775 and is the work of the painter Sava Petrović. The iconostasis of the church was designed in 1764 by the painter Nikola Nešković from the Academy of Fine Arts in Bratislava. The mural painting faded during the 19th century and was replaced with decorations done in tempera. In 1894 the vault of the church was redesigned by the German painter Gerhard Mentzel. The right and left votive offerings were made in the first half of the 19th century and represent the martyrs St. George and St. Demetrios. The twelve apostles and the Virgin Mary in the center are the only works in tempera that survive from the original work by Nikola Nešković.[2]
References
[edit]
- ^ Tănăsescu, Claudia (15 May 2015). "Biserica Ortodoxă sârbească Sfântul Gheorghe". Merg.În.
- ^ a b c Bugarski, Stevan (1995). Srpsko pravoslavlje u Rumuniji. Timișoara: Pravoslavna srpska eparhija temišvarska. pp. 160–162. ISBN 9788676391516. OCLC 34976297.
- ^ Opriș, Mihai; Botescu, Mihai (2014). Arhitectura istorică din Timișoara. Timișoara: Tempus. ISBN 9789731958286. OCLC 1165634644.
- ^ Panțuru, Cosmin (2015). "Bisericile istorice ortodoxe din cartierul Fabric al Timișoarei". In Sinaci, Doru; Arbonie, Emil (eds.). Administrație românească arădeană (PDF). Vol. 10. Studii și comunicări din Banat-Crișana. Arad: Vasile Goldiș University Press. p. 348. ISBN 978-973-664-767-3.
- ^ Sarkadi Nagy, Emese (10 May 2010). "Biserica sârbească Sfântul Gheorghe, Timișoara". Enciclopedia Virtuală Maghiară din România.
