Tzena, Tzena, Tzena
| "Tzena, Tzena, Tzena" | |
|---|---|
| Single by The Weavers | |
| B-side | "Goodnight, Irene" |
| Released | 1950 |
| Genre | Folk |
| Length | 2:43 |
| Label | Decca |
| Songwriter(s) | Issachar Miron, Julius Grossman, Spencer Ross, Gordon Jenkins |
"Tzena, Tzena, Tzena" (Hebrew: צאנה צאנה צאנה, "Come Out, Come Out, Come Out"), sometimes "Tzena, Tzena", is a song, written in 1941 in Hebrew. Its music is by Issachar Miron (a.k.a. Stefan Michrovsky), a Polish emigrant in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine (now Israel), and the lyrics are by Yechiel Chagiz.
History
[edit]Miron, born in 1919, left Poland at the age of 19 in the late 1930s, thus avoiding the Holocaust. In 1941, while serving in the Jewish Brigade of the British forces, he composed the melody for lyrics written by Chagiz. The song became popular in the British Mandate of Palestine and was played on the Kol Yisrael radio service.
Julius Grossman, who did not know who composed the song, wrote the so-called third part of "Tzena" circa November 1946. After hearing Pete Seeger performing Tzena, [1] with The Weavers as backing, Gordon Jenkins made an arrangement of the song for the Weavers with English lyrics. [2] The Jenkins/Weavers version, released by Decca Records under catalog number 27077, was one side of a two-sided hit, reaching No. 2 on the Billboard magazine charts in 1950 while the flip side, "Goodnight Irene," reached No. 1.[3]
Cromwell Music Inc., a subsidiary of Richmond/TRO, claimed the rights to the song, and had licensed the Decca release. They alleged the music to have been composed by a person named Spencer Ross. In reality this turned out to be a fictitious persona constructed to hide the melody's true authorship. Mills Music, Inc., Miron's publisher, sued Cromwell and won. The presiding judge also dismissed Cromwell's claim that the melody was based on a traditional folk song and was thus in the public domain.[4]
Covers
[edit]The original English lyrics, written by Mitchell Parish, were greatly altered in the version recorded by the Weavers. Other charting versions in 1950 were recorded by Vic Damone (Billboard pos. 6), Ralph Flanagan & His Orchestra, and Mitch Miller's Orchestra.[5]
The New York Times obituary of Issachar Miron lists the following artists who covered "Tsena Tsena": "It was sung in some 39 languages and was performed and recorded by numerous leading artists in the United States, including Pete Seeger, Frank Sinatra, Bing Crosby, Nat King Cole, Judy Garland, Dusty Springfield, Connie Francis, Vic Damone, Chubby Checker, the Smothers Brothers and Arlo Guthrie."[6]
- Guitarist Chet Atkins recorded an instrumental version of "Tzena, Tzena, Tzena" on his 1960 album The Other Chet Atkins.[7]
- 1960: Connie Francis, Connie Francis Sings Jewish Favorites, Universal Records
- 1961: The Springfields, album Kinda Folksy, a cover of the version by The Weavers described by Richie Unterberger as "a ridiculously brassy arrangement"[8]
- 1961: A humorous version titled "Tzena, Tzena, Tzena, Tzena" was recorded by the Smothers Brothers on their 1961 debut album, The Smothers Brothers at the Purple Onion.
- 1961 Canada, 1962, USA The Barry Sisters, album Shalom as part of Side A, track 1: Izraeli Medley(Artza Alinu Tzena-Tzena)[9]
- 1964: Chubby Checker, on Chubby's Folk Album[10]
- 1967: The Dudaim duo: album סיור עם הדודאים = On Tour With The Dudaim[11]
- 1969: Effi Netzer Sing Along With Effi Netzer, Vol. 2[12]
- 1971: a single by Marion Rung
- In the 1980s, Israeli folk star Ran Eliran recorded the song, along with 14 more songs by Miron, to make the album Sing to Me Eretz Yisrael.
- Phranc recorded the song for his 1998 album Milkman.
- In October 2012 a single was released by RebbeSoul, featuring musicians and singers from South America, Africa, the UK, USA, and Israel, singing in their native languages[13]
Lyrics
[edit]צֶאנָה, צֶאנָה, צֶאנָה, צֶאנָה הַבָּנוֹת וּרְאֶינָה חַיָּלִים בַּמּוֹשָׁבָה; אַל נָא, אַל נָא, אַל נָא, אַל נָא, אַל נָא תִּתְחַבֶּאנָה מִבֶּן חַיָּל, אִישׁ צָבָא
Transliterated: Tzena, tzena, tzena, tzena ha-banot u-r’ena ħayalim ba-moshava; Al na, Al na, Al na, Al na, al na titħab’ena Mi-ben ħayal, ish tzava.
Translated: "Go out, go out, go out girls and see soldiers in the moshava; Do not, do not, do not hide yourself away from a virtuous man [a pun on the word for "soldier"], an army man."
References
[edit]- ^ Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 1 - Play A Simple Melody: American pop music in the early fifties. [Part 1]" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
- ^ "Remembering Pete Seeger and his Jewish influence" Heritage: Florida Jewish News, January 31, 2014 (retrieved January 26, 2022)
- ^ Whitburn, Joel (1986). Joel Whitburn's Pop Memories 1890-1954. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research Inc. p. 441. ISBN 0-89820-083-0.
- ^ "Mills Music, Inc. v. Cromwell Music, Inc. 126 F. Supp. 54 (S.D.N.Y. 1954)"
- ^ Whitburn, Joel (1986). Joel Whitburn's Pop Memories 1890-1954. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research Inc. p. 600. ISBN 0-89820-083-0.
- ^ Issachar Miron, an obituary
- ^ "The Other Chet Atkins". allmusic.com. Retrieved February 17, 2019.
- ^ The Springfields, Kinda Folksy, allmusic
- ^ The Barry Sisters – Shalom, discogs
- ^ Chubby Checker – Chubby's Folk Album
- ^ "The Dudaim* – סיור עם הדודאים = On Tour With The Dudaim"
- ^ "Tzena Tzena - Sing Along Israeli Folk Songs". YouTube.
- ^ "RebbeSoul Albums - Bruce Burger World Music Band".
External links
[edit]- Legal opinion on authorship at the Wayback Machine (archived July 21, 2010)
- Ari Y. Kelman: Hear Israel. When the Weavers recorded the popular Israeli folk song ‘Tzena Tzena’ in 1950, they did more than legitimize a strain of musical culture; they introduced Israel to a generation of young Americans. Tablet Magazine, January 7, 2011
