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List of generals

[edit]

Entries in the following list of four-star generals are indexed by the numerical order in which each officer was promoted to that rank while on active duty, or by an asterisk (*) if the officer did not serve in that rank while on active duty in the U.S. Army. Each entry lists the general's name, date of rank,[a] active-duty positions held while serving at four-star rank,[b] number of years of active-duty service at four-star rank (Yrs),[c] year commissioned and source of commission,[d] number of years in commission when promoted to four-star rank (YC),[e] and other biographical notes.[f]

List of United States Army four-star generals
# Name Photo Date of rank[a] Position[b] Yrs[c] Commission[d] YC[e] Notes[f]
* George Washington
15 Jun 1775   8 1775 (direct) 0 (1732–1799)[g] Promoted to General of the Armies, 4 Jul 1976. U.S. President, 1789–1797. Awarded Congressional Gold Medal, 1776.[5]
1 Ulysses S. Grant
25 Jul 1866   5 1843 (USMA) 23 (1822–1885)[h] Promoted to General of the Armies, 19 Apr 2024. U.S. President, 1869–1877. Awarded Congressional Gold Medal, 1863. Married great-aunt of Navy four-star admiral U. S. Grant Sharp Jr.
2 William Tecumseh Sherman
4 Mar 1869   14 1840 (USMA) 29 (1820–1891) Superintendent, Louisiana Seminary of Learning and Military Academy, 1860–1861. Brother of U.S. Secretary of State John Sherman.
3 Philip H. Sheridan
1 Jun 1888   0 1853 (USMA) 35 (1831–1888) Died in office.
4 Tasker H. Bliss
6 Oct 1917   2 1875 (USMA) 42 (1853–1930)[i][j] Governor, U.S. Soldiers' Home, 1920–1927.
5 John J. Pershing
6 Oct 1917   7 1886 (USMA) 31 (1860–1948) Promoted to General of the Armies, 3 Sep 1919. Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 1923–1948; Chairman, Tacna-Arica Plebiscitary Commission, 1925–1926. Awarded Pulitzer Prize for History, 1932; Congressional Gold Medal, 1946.[7]
6 Peyton C. March
20 May 1918   2 1888 (USMA) 30 (1864–1955)[j]
7 Charles P. Summerall
23 Feb 1929   1 1892 (USMA) 37 (1867–1955)[k] President, The Citadel, 1931–1953.
8 Douglas MacArthur
21 Nov 1930   9 1903 (USMA) 27 (1880–1964)[l] Promoted to general of the Army, 18 Dec 1944. Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 1919–1922. Awarded Medal of Honor, 1942; Congressional Gold Medal, 1962. Grandson of Wisconsin Governor Arthur MacArthur Sr..
9 Malin Craig
2 Oct 1935   8 1898 (USMA) 37 (1875–1945)[m]
10 George C. Marshall Jr.
1 Sep 1939   5 1902 (VMI)[n] 38 (1880–1959)[o] Promoted to general of the Army, 16 Dec 1944. Special Representative of the President in China, 1945–1947; U.S. Secretary of State, 1947–1949; Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 1949–1959; President, American Red Cross, 1949–1950; U.S. Secretary of Defense, 1950–1951. Awarded Congressional Gold Medal, 1946; Nobel Peace Prize, 1953.[8]
* John L. Hines
15 Jun 1940  
  • (retired)
 0 1891 (USMA) 49 (1868–1968)[p] Chief of Staff, U.S. Army, 1924–1926.
11 Dwight D. Eisenhower
11 Feb 1943   1 1915 (USMA) 28 (1890–1969)[q] Promoted to general of the Army, 20 Dec 1944. President, Columbia University, 1948–1953; U.S. President, 1953–1961.
12 Henry H. Arnold
19 Mar 1943   1 1907 (USMA) 36 (1886–1950)[r] Promoted to general of the Army, 21 Dec 1944; to general of the Air Force, 7 May 1949.
13 Joseph W. Stilwell
1 Aug 1944   2 1904 (USMA) 40 (1883–1946) Died in office.
14 Walter Krueger
5 Mar 1945   1 1901 (direct) 44 (1881–1967)[s]
15 Brehon B. Somervell
6 Mar 1945   1 1914 (USMA) 31 (1892–1955)[t]
16 Joseph T. McNarney
7 Mar 1945   7 1915 (USMA) 30 (1893–1972)[r]
17 Jacob L. Devers
8 Mar 1945   4 1909 (USMA) 36 (1887–1979) Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 1960–1969.[8]
18 George C. Kenney
9 Mar 1945   6 1917 (cadet) 28 (1889–1977)[r]
19 Mark W. Clark
10 Mar 1945   8 1917 (USMA) 28 (1896–1984)[10][u] President, The Citadel, 1954–1966; Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 1969–1984.[8]
20 Carl A. Spaatz
11 Mar 1945   3 1914 (USMA) 31 (1891–1974)[r]
21 Omar N. Bradley
12 Mar 1945   5 1915 (USMA) 30 (1893–1981)[13] Promoted to general of the Army, 22 Sep 1950. Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom with distinction, 1977.[14]
22 Thomas T. Handy
13 Mar 1945   9 1916 (VMI)[n] 29 (1892–1982)
23 George S. Patton Jr.
14 Apr 1945   0 1909 (USMA) 36 (1885–1945) Died in office. Father-in-law of Army four-star general John K. Waters.
24 Courtney H. Hodges
15 Apr 1945   4 1909 (direct) 36 (1887–1966)
25 Jonathan M. Wainwright IV
5 Sep 1945   1 1906 (USMA) 39 (1883–1953) Awarded Medal of Honor, 1945.
26 Lucius D. Clay
28 Mar 1947   2 1918 (USMA) 29 (1897–1978) Special Representative of the President in Berlin, 1961–1962. Son of U.S. Senator Alexander S. Clay; father of Air Force four-star general Lucius D. Clay Jr.
27 J. Lawton Collins
24 Jan 1948   8 1917 (USMA) 31 (1896–1987) U.S. Special Representative to Vietnam, 1954–1955.
28 Wade H. Haislip
1 Oct 1949   2 1912 (USMA) 37 (1889–1971) Governor, U.S. Soldiers' Home, 1951–1966.
* Walton H. Walker
20 Dec 1950  
  • (posthumous)
 0 1912 (USMA) 38 (1889–1950)[v] Died in office. Father of Army four-star general Sam S. Walker.
29 Matthew B. Ridgway
11 May 1951   4 1917 (USMA) 34 (1895–1993) Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1986; Congressional Gold Medal, 1990.[16][17]
30 Walter Bedell Smith
1 Jul 1951   2 1917 (direct) 34 (1895–1961) U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union, 1946–1949; U.S. Under Secretary of State, 1953–1954.
31 John E. Hull
30 Jul 1951   4 1917 (direct) 34 (1895–1975)
32 James A. Van Fleet
31 Jul 1951   2 1915 (USMA) 36 (1892–1992) Special Representative of the President in the Far East, 1954.
33 Alfred M. Gruenther
1 Aug 1951   5 1917 (USMA) 34 (1899–1983) President, American Red Cross, 1957–1964.
34 John R. Hodge
5 Jul 1952   1 1917 (direct) 35 (1893–1963)
35 Maxwell D. Taylor
23 Jun 1953   9 1922 (USMA) 31 (1901–1987)[w] Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 1945–1949; U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam, 1964–1965; President, Institute for Defense Analyses, 1966–1969.
36 Charles L. Bolte
30 Jul 1953   2 1917 (direct) 36 (1895–1989)
37 William M. Hoge
23 Oct 1953   2 1916 (USMA) 37 (1894–1979)
* Robert L. Eichelberger
19 Jul 1954  
  • (retired)
 0 1909 (USMA) 45 (1886–1961)[x] Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 1940–1942.
* Lucian K. Truscott Jr.
19 Jul 1954  
  • (retired)
 0 1917 (direct) 37 (1895–1965)[x]
* Leonard T. Gerow
19 Jul 1954  
  • (retired)
 0 1911 (VMI)[n] 43 (1888–1972)[x]
* William H. Simpson
19 Jul 1954  
  • (retired)
 0 1909 (USMA) 45 (1888–1980)[x]
* Ben Lear
19 Jul 1954  
  • (retired)
 0 1901 (direct) 53 (1879–1966)[x]
* Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr.
19 Jul 1954  
  • (posthumous)
 0 1908 (USMA) 46 (1886–1945)[x] Killed in action. Son of Kentucky Governor Simon Bolivar Buckner Sr.
* Alexander M. Patch
19 Jul 1954  
  • (posthumous)
 0 1913 (USMA) 41 (1889–1945)[x] Died in office.
* Lesley J. McNair
19 Jul 1954  
  • (posthumous)
 0 1904 (USMA) 50 (1883–1944)[x] Killed in action.
* John L. DeWitt
19 Jul 1954  
  • (retired)
 0 1898 (direct) 56 (1880–1962)[x]
* Albert C. Wedemeyer
19 Jul 1954  
  • (retired)
 0 1918 (USMA) 36 (1897–1989)[x] Special Representative of the President in China and Korea, 1947. Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1985.[19]
* Robert C. Richardson Jr.
19 Jul 1954  
  • (posthumous)
 0 1904 (USMA) 50 (1882–1954)[x]
38 John E. Dahlquist
18 Aug 1954   2 1917 (direct) 37 (1896–1975)
39 Anthony C. McAuliffe
1 Mar 1955   1 1918 (USMA) 37 (1898–1975)
40 Lyman L. Lemnitzer
25 Mar 1955   14 1920 (USMA) 35 (1899–1988)[y] Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1987.[16]
41 Williston B. Palmer
1 May 1955   7 1919 (USMA) 36 (1899–1973)[z] Brother of Army four-star general Charles D. Palmer.
42 Isaac D. White
22 Jun 1955   6 1922 (Norwich) 33 (1901–1990)
43 Willard G. Wyman
1 Mar 1956   2 1919 (USMA) 37 (1898–1969)
44 Cortlandt V. R. Schuyler
18 May 1956   3 1922 (USMA) 34 (1900–1993) Commissioner, New York State Office of General Services, 1960–1971.
45 George H. Decker
31 May 1956   6 1924 (ROTC) 32 (1902–1980)
46 Henry I. Hodes
1 Jun 1956   3 1920 (USMA) 36 (1899–1962)
47 Bruce C. Clarke
1 Aug 1958   4 1925 (USMA) 33 (1901–1988)
48 Clyde D. Eddleman
1 Apr 1959   3 1924 (USMA) 35 (1902–1992)
49 Carter B. Magruder
1 Jul 1959   2 1923 (USMA) 36 (1900–1988)
50 Charles D. Palmer
1 Oct 1959   3 1924 (USMA) 35 (1902–1999) Brother of Army four-star general Williston B. Palmer.
51 Clark L. Ruffner
1 Mar 1960   2 1924 (VMI) 36 (1903–1982)
52 James E. Moore
21 Apr 1960   3 1924 (USMA) 36 (1902–1986) U.S. High Commissioner, Ryukyu Islands, 1955–1958.
53 Herbert B. Powell
1 Oct 1960   3 1926 (ROTC) 34 (1903–1998) U.S. Ambassador to New Zealand, 1963–1967.
54 James F. Collins
1 Apr 1961   3 1927 (USMA) 34 (1905–1989) President, American Red Cross, 1964–1970.
55 Guy S. Meloy Jr.
1 Jul 1961   2 1927 (USMA) 34 (1903–1964)
56 Paul D. Adams
3 Oct 1961  
  • Commander in Chief, U.S. Strike Command (USCINCSTRIKE), 1961–1963.
  • Commander in Chief, U.S. Strike Command/U.S. Commander in Chief, Middle East, Africa south of the Sahara, and South Asia (USCINCSTRIKE/USCINCMEAFSA), 1963–1966.
 5 1928 (USMA) 33 (1906–1987)
57 Paul D. Harkins
2 Jan 1962   2 1929 (USMA) 33 (1904–1984)
58 Earle G. Wheeler
1 Mar 1962   8 1932 (USMA) 30 (1908–1975) Widow married Army four-star general Frank S. Besson Jr.
59 Barksdale Hamlett
2 Apr 1962   2 1930 (USMA) 32 (1908–1979) President, Norwich University, 1966–1972.
60 Paul L. Freeman Jr.
1 May 1962   5 1929 (USMA) 33 (1907–1988)
61 Robert J. Wood
1 Sep 1962  
  • Director of Military Assistance, 1962–1965.
 3 1930 (USMA) 32 (1905–1986)
62 John K. Waters
28 Feb 1963   3 1931 (USMA) 32 (1906–1989) Son-in-law of Army four-star general George S. Patton.
63 Andrew P. O'Meara
6 Jun 1963   4 1930 (USMA) 33 (1907–2005)
64 Theodore W. Parker
1 Jul 1963   6 1931 (USMA) 32 (1909–1994) Commissioner, New York State Department of Transportation, 1969–1972.
65 Hamilton H. Howze
1 Aug 1963   2 1930 (USMA) 33 (1908–1998)
66 Hugh P. Harris
1 Mar 1964   1 1931 (USMA) 33 (1909–1979) President, The Citadel, 1965–1970.
67 Frank S. Besson Jr.
27 May 1964   6 1932 (USMA) 32 (1910–1985)[aa] Incorporator, National Rail Passenger Corporation, 1970–1971; Member, Board of Directors, Amtrak, 1971–1974. Married widow of Army four-star general Earle G. Wheeler.
68 Harold K. Johnson
3 Jul 1964   4 1933 (USMA) 31 (1912–1983)
69 William C. Westmoreland
1 Aug 1964   8 1936 (USMA) 28 (1914–2005)[21] Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 1960–1963; candidate for Republican Party nomination for Governor of South Carolina, 1974.
70 Creighton W. Abrams Jr.
4 Sep 1964   10 1936 (USMA) 28 (1914–1974)[22] Died in office. Father of Army four-star generals John N. Abrams and Robert B. Abrams.
71 Robert W. Porter Jr.
18 Mar 1965   4 1930 (USMA) 35 (1908–2000)
72 Dwight E. Beach
1 Jul 1965   3 1932 (USMA) 33 (1908–2000)
73 Charles H. Bonesteel III
1 Sep 1966   3 1931 (USMA) 35 (1909–1977)
74 Theodore J. Conway
1 Nov 1966  
  • Commander in Chief, U.S. Strike Command/U.S. Commander in Chief, Middle East, Africa south of the Sahara, and South Asia (USCINCSTRIKE/USCINCMEAFSA), 1966–1969.
 3 1933 (USMA) 33 (1909–1990)
75 James H. Polk
31 May 1967   4 1933 (USMA) 34 (1911–1992) Distant cousin of U.S. President James K. Polk.
76 Ralph E. Haines Jr.
1 Jun 1967   6 1935 (USMA) 32 (1913–2011)
77 James K. Woolnough
1 Jul 1967   3 1932 (USMA) 35 (1910–1996)
78 Andrew J. Goodpaster
3 Jul 1968   6 1939 (USMA) 29 (1915–2005)[23][ab] White House Staff Secretary, 1954–1961; Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 1977–1981; President, Institute for Defense Analyses, 1983–1985; Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 1985–1990. Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1961 and 1984.[8]
79 Ben Harrell
4 Jul 1968   3 1933 (USMA) 35 (1911–1981)
80 Berton E. Spivy Jr.
31 Jul 1968   3 1934 (USMA) 34 (1911–1997)
81 Bruce Palmer Jr.
1 Aug 1968   6 1936 (USMA) 32 (1913–2000)
82 George R. Mather
1 Mar 1969   2 1932 (USMA) 37 (1911–1993)
83 Ferdinand J. Chesarek
10 Mar 1969   1 1938 (USMA) 31 (1914–1993)
84 William B. Rosson
15 May 1969   6 1940 (ROTC) 29 (1918–2004)
85 John L. Throckmorton
1 Aug 1969  
  • Commander in Chief, U.S. Strike Command/U.S. Commander in Chief, Middle East, Africa south of the Sahara, and South Asia (USCINCSTRIKE/USCINCMEAFSA), 1969–1972.
  • Commander in Chief, U.S. Readiness Command (USCINCRED), 1972–1973.
 4 1935 (USMA) 34 (1913–1986)
86 John H. Michaelis
1 Oct 1969   3 1936 (USMA) 33 (1912–1985)
87 Lewis B. Hershey
23 Dec 1969  
  • Presidential Advisor on Manpower Mobilization, 1970–1973.
 4 1913 (ARNG) 56 (1893–1977)[ac] Director, Selective Service System, 1941–1970.
88 Frederick C. Weyand
31 Oct 1970   6 1938 (ROTC) 32 (1916–2010)
89 Henry A. Miley Jr.
1 Nov 1970   5 1940 (USMA) 30 (1915–2010)
90 Frank T. Mildren
1 Apr 1971   2 1939 (USMA) 32 (1913–1990)
91 Michael S. Davison
26 May 1971   4 1939 (USMA) 32 (1917–2006) Aunt married Navy four-star admiral Arthur W. Radford.
92 George V. Underwood Jr.
1 Oct 1971   2 1937 (USMA) 34 (1913–1984)
93 Donald V. Bennett
1 Sep 1972   2 1940 (USMA) 32 (1915–2005) Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 1966–1969; Director, Defense Intelligence Agency, 1969–1972.
94 Alexander M. Haig Jr.
4 Jan 1973[24] 5 1947 (USMA) 26 (1924–2010)[25][ad] Deputy National Security Advisor, 1970–1973; U.S. Secretary of State, 1981–1982; candidate for Republican Party nomination for U.S. President, 1988.
95 Walter T. Kerwin Jr.
1 Feb 1973   5 1939 (USMA) 34 (1917–2008) Married widow of Marine Corps four-star general Keith B. McCutcheon.
96 William E. DePuy
1 Jul 1973   4 1941 (ROTC) 32 (1919–1992)
97 Richard G. Stilwell
31 Jul 1973   3 1938 (USMA) 35 (1917–1991) U.S. Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, 1981–1985.
98 Melvin Zais
1 Aug 1973   3 1937 (ROTC) 36 (1916–1981)
99 Bernard W. Rogers
7 Nov 1974   13 1943 (USMA) 31 (1921–2008)[26]
101 John J. Hennessey
8 Nov 1974   5 1944 (USMA) 30 (1921–2001)
101 John R. Deane Jr.
12 Feb 1975   2 1942 (USMA) 33 (1919–2013)
102 George S. Blanchard
1 Jul 1975   4 1944 (USMA) 31 (1920–2006)
103 William A. Knowlton
1 Jun 1976   4 1943 (USMA) 33 (1920–2008) Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 1970–1974. Father-in-law of Army four-star general David H. Petraeus.
104 Frederick J. Kroesen Jr.
1 Oct 1976   7 1943 (OCS) 33 (1923–2020)
105 John W. Vessey Jr.
1 Nov 1976   9 1944 (battlefield) 32 (1922–2016)[27] Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1992.[28]
106 Sam S. Walker
1977   1 1946 (USMA) 31 (1925–2015) Superintendent, Virginia Military Institute, 1981–1988. Son of Army four-star general Walton H. Walker.
107 John R. Guthrie
1 May 1977   4 1942 (ROTC) 35 (1921–2009)
108 Donn A. Starry
1 Jul 1977   6 1948 (USMA) 29 (1925–2011)
109 Robert M. Shoemaker
22 Aug 1978   4 1946 (USMA) 32 (1924–2017)
110 Edward C. Meyer
22 Jun 1979   4 1951 (USMA) 28 (1928–2021)
111 John A. Wickham Jr.
10 Jul 1979   8 1950 (USMA) 29 (1928–2024)
112 Volney F. Warner
1 Aug 1979   2 1950 (USMA) 29 (1926–2019)
113 Glenn K. Otis
1 Aug 1981   7 1953 (USMA) 28 (1929–2013)
114 Donald R. Keith
1 Sep 1981   3 1949 (USMA) 32 (1927–2004)
115 Richard E. Cavazos
19 Feb 1982   2 1951 (ROTC) 31 (1929–2017) Brother of U.S. Secretary of Education Lauro Cavazos. First Hispanic to achieve the rank of general in the Army.[29]
116 Robert W. Sennewald
24 May 1982   4 1951 (ROTC) 31 (1929–2023)
117 Roscoe Robinson Jr.
30 Aug 1982   3 1951 (USMA) 31 (1928–1993) First African-American to achieve the rank of general in the Army.
118 William R. Richardson
28 Feb 1983   3 1951 (USMA) 32 (1929–2023)
119 Paul F. Gorman
25 May 1983   2 1950 (USMA) 33 (1927–        )
120 Wallace H. Nutting
25 May 1983   2 1950 (USMA) 33 (1928–2023)
121 Maxwell R. Thurman
23 Jun 1983   7 1953 (ROTC) 30 (1931–1995)
122 William J. Livsey
3 May 1984   3 1952 (ROTC) 32 (1931–2016)
123 Richard H. Thompson
29 Jun 1984   3 1950 (direct) 34 (1926–2016)
124 Robert C. Kingston
6 Nov 1984   1 1949 (OCS) 35 (1928–2007)
125 John R. Galvin
25 Feb 1985   7 1954 (USMA) 31 (1929–2015) U.S. Special Representative to Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1994.
126 Fred K. Mahaffey
17 Jun 1985   1 1955 (ROTC) 30 (1934–1986) Died in office.
127 Jack N. Merritt
1 Dec 1985   2 1953 (OCS) 32 (1930–2018)
128 Carl E. Vuono
1 Jul 1986   5 1957 (USMA) 29 (1934–        )
129 Joseph T. Palastra Jr.
1 Jul 1986   3 1954 (USMA) 32 (1931–2015)
130 James J. Lindsay
10 Oct 1986   4 1953 (OCS) 33 (1932–2023)
131 Louis C. Wagner Jr.
13 Apr 1987   2 1954 (USMA) 33 (1932–        )
132 Frederick F. Woerner Jr.
6 Jun 1987   2 1955 (USMA) 32 (1933–2023) Relieved, 1989. Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 1994–2001.[8]
133 Arthur E. Brown Jr.
24 Jun 1987   2 1953 (USMA) 34 (1929–        )
134 Louis C. Menetrey
24 Jun 1987   3 1953 (ROTC) 34 (1929–2009)
135 Crosbie E. Saint
24 Jun 1988   4 1958 (USMA) 30 (1936–2018)
136 H. Norman Schwarzkopf Jr.
23 Nov 1988   3 1956 (USMA) 32 (1934–2012)[30] Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1991; Congressional Gold Medal, 1991.[17][28]
137 Robert W. RisCassi
17 Jan 1989   4 1958 (ROTC) 31 (1936–        )
138 Colin L. Powell
4 Apr 1989   4 1958 (ROTC) 31 (1937–2021)[31] Deputy National Security Advisor, 1987; National Security Advisor, 1987–1989; U.S. Secretary of State, 2001–2005. Awarded Congressional Gold Medal, 1991; Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1991 and, with distinction, 1993.[17][32]
139 John W. Foss
2 Aug 1989   2 1956 (USMA) 33 (1933–2020)
140 Edwin H. Burba Jr.
27 Sep 1989   4 1959 (USMA) 30 (1936–        )
141 William G. T. Tuttle Jr.
1 Oct 1989   3 1958 (USMA) 31 (1935–2020)
142 Gordon R. Sullivan
4 Jun 1990   5 1959 (Norwich) 31 (1937–2024)
143 Carl W. Stiner
1 Jul 1990   3 1958 (ROTC) 32 (1936–2022)
144 George A. Joulwan
21 Nov 1990   7 1961 (USMA) 29 (1939–        )
145 Dennis J. Reimer
21 Jun 1991   8 1962 (USMA) 29 (1939–        )
146 Frederick M. Franks Jr.
23 Aug 1991   3 1959 (USMA) 32 (1936–        ) Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 2005–2009.[8]
147 Jimmy D. Ross
1 Feb 1992   2 1958 (ROTC) 34 (1936–2012)
148 John M. D. Shalikashvili
24 Jun 1992   5 1959 (OCS) 33 (1936–2011)[33] Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1997.[34]
149 David M. Maddox
9 Jul 1992   2 1960 (VMI) 32 (1938–        )
150 J. H. Binford Peay III
26 Mar 1993   4 1962 (VMI) 31 (1940–        ) Superintendent, Virginia Military Institute, 2003–2020.
151 Wayne A. Downing
20 May 1993   3 1962 (USMA) 31 (1940–2007) Deputy National Security Advisor for Combating Terrorism, 2001–2002.
152 Gary E. Luck
1 Jul 1993   3 1960 (ROTC) 33 (1937–2024)
153 Leon E. Salomon
11 Feb 1994   2 1959 (OCS) 35 (1936–        )
154 Barry R. McCaffrey
17 Feb 1994   2 1964 (USMA) 30 (1942–        ) Director, National Drug Control Policy, 1996–2001.
155 John H. Tilelli Jr.
19 Jul 1994   5 1963 (PMC)[ae] 31 (1941–        )
156 William W. Hartzog
1 Dec 1994   4 1963 (Citadel) 31 (1941–2020)
157 William W. Crouch
1 Jan 1995   3 1963 (ROTC) 32 (1941–        )
158 Ronald H. Griffith
6 Jun 1995   2 1960 (ROTC) 35 (1936–2018)
159 H. Hugh Shelton
1 Mar 1996   5 1964 (ROTC) 32 (1942–        ) Awarded Congressional Gold Medal, 2002.[35]
160 Johnnie E. Wilson
1 May 1996   3 1967 (OCS) 29 (1944–        )
161 Wesley K. Clark
21 Jun 1996   4 1966 (USMA) 30 (1944–        ) Candidate for Democratic Party nomination for U.S. President, 2004. Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 2000.[36]
162 David A. Bramlett
1 Sep 1996   2 1964 (USMA) 32 (1941–        )
163 Eric K. Shinseki
5 Aug 1997   6 1965 (USMA) 32 (1942–        ) U.S. Secretary of Veterans Affairs, 2009–2014. First Asian-American to achieve four-star rank in any armed service.[37]
164 Peter J. Schoomaker
4 Oct 1997   7 1969 (ROTC) 28 (1946–        )[af]
165 Thomas A. Schwartz
31 Aug 1998   4 1967 (USMA) 31 (1945–        )
166 John N. Abrams
14 Sep 1998   4 1968 (OCS) 30 (1946–2018) Son of Army four-star general Creighton W. Abrams Jr.; brother of Army four-star general Robert B. Abrams.
167 Montgomery C. Meigs
10 Nov 1998   4 1967 (USMA) 31 (1945–2021) Director, Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization, 2005–2007. Distant cousin of Navy four-star admiral Montgomery M. Taylor.
168 John M. Keane
22 Jan 1999   4 1966 (ROTC) 33 (1943–        ) Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 2020.[38]
169 John G. Coburn
14 May 1999   2 1963 (ROTC) 36 (1941–        )
170 John W. Hendrix
23 Nov 1999   2 1965 (ROTC) 34 (1942–        )
171 William F. Kernan
Jul 2000   2 1968 (OCS) 32 (1946–        )
172 Tommy R. Franks
6 Jul 2000   3 1967 (OCS) 33 (1945–        ) Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, 2004.[39]
173 Paul J. Kern
30 Oct 2001   3 1967 (USMA) 34 (1945–        )
174 Larry R. Ellis
19 Nov 2001   3 1969 (ROTC) 32 (1946–        )
175 Leon J. LaPorte
1 May 2002   4 1968 (ROTC) 34 (1946–        )
176 James T. Hill
18 Aug 2002   2 1968 (ROTC) 34 (1946–        )
177 Kevin P. Byrnes
7 Nov 2002   3 1969 (OCS) 33 (1950–        )[ag] Relieved, 2005.
178 Burwell B. Bell III
3 Dec 2002   6 1969 (ROTC) 33 (1947–        )
179 John P. Abizaid
27 Jun 2003   4 1973 (USMA) 30 (1951–        ) U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, 2019–2021.
180 Bryan D. Brown
25 Aug 2003   4 1970 (OCS) 33 (1948–        )
181 George W. Casey Jr.
1 Dec 2003   8 1970 (ROTC) 33 (1948–        )
182 Richard A. Cody
24 Jun 2004   4 1972 (USMA) 32 (1950–        )
183 Dan K. McNeill
1 Jul 2004   4 1968 (ROTC) 36 (1946–        )
184 Benjamin S. Griffin
5 Nov 2004   4 1970 (OCS) 34 (1946–        )
185 Bantz J. Craddock
1 Jan 2005   4 1971 (ROTC) 33 (1949–        )
186 William S. Wallace
13 Oct 2005   3 1969 (USMA) 36 (1946–        )
187 David D. McKiernan
14 Dec 2005   4 1972 (ROTC) 33 (1950–        ) Resigned, 2009.[41]
188 William E. Ward
3 May 2006   5 1971 (ROTC) 35 (1949–        )[ah] U.S. Security Coordinator, Israel-Palestinian Authority, 2005.
189 Charles C. Campbell
9 Jan 2007   3 1970 (ROTC) 37 (1948–2016)
190 David H. Petraeus
10 Feb 2007   4 1974 (USMA) 33 (1952–        ) Director, Central Intelligence Agency, 2011–2012. Son-in-law of Army four-star general William A. Knowlton.[42]
191 Walter L. Sharp
2 Jun 2008   3 1974 (USMA) 34 (1952–        )
192 Peter W. Chiarelli
4 Aug 2008   4 1972 (ROTC) 36 (1950–        )
193 Carter F. Ham
28 Aug 2008   5 1976 (ROTC) 32 (1952–        )
194 Raymond T. Odierno
16 Sep 2008   7 1976 (USMA) 32 (1954–2021)[43][ai]
195 Ann E. Dunwoody
14 Nov 2008   4 1975 (direct) 33 (1953–        ) First woman to achieve four-star rank in any service.
196 Martin E. Dempsey
8 Dec 2008   7 1974 (USMA) 34 (1952–        )
197 Stanley A. McChrystal
15 Jun 2009   1 1976 (USMA) 33 (1954–        ) Resigned, 2010.[45]
198 Keith B. Alexander
21 May 2010   4 1974 (USMA) 36 (1952–        ) Director, National Security Agency, 2005–2014.
199 James D. Thurman
3 Jun 2010   3 1975 (ROTC) 35 (1953–        )
200 Lloyd J. Austin III
1 Sep 2010   6 1975 (USMA) 35 (1953–        ) U.S. Secretary of Defense, 2021–present.[46]
201 Robert W. Cone
29 Apr 2011   3 1979 (USMA) 32 (1957–2016)
202 Charles H. Jacoby Jr.
3 Aug 2011   3 1978 (USMA) 33 (1954–        ) Chair, Modern War Institute, 2015–2019.
203 David M. Rodriguez
12 Sep 2011   5 1976 (USMA) 35 (1954–        )
204 Dennis L. Via
7 Aug 2012   4 1980 (ROTC) 32 (1958–        )
205 Frank J. Grass
7 Sep 2012   4 1981 (OCS) 31 (1951–        ) Served 12 years in the enlisted ranks before receiving his commission in 1981. First Army National Guard officer to achieve the rank of general.
206 John F. Campbell
8 Mar 2013   3 1979 (USMA) 34 (1957–        )
207 Daniel B. Allyn
10 May 2013   4 1981 (USMA) 32 (1959–        )
208 Vincent K. Brooks
2 Jul 2013   5 1980 (USMA) 33 (1958–        )
209 Curtis M. Scaparrotti
2 Oct 2013   6 1978 (USMA) 35 (1956–        )
210 David G. Perkins
14 Mar 2014   4 1980 (USMA) 34 (1957–        )
211 Mark A. Milley
15 Aug 2014   9 1980 (ROTC) 34 (1958–        )
212 Joseph L. Votel
28 Aug 2014   5 1980 (USMA) 34 (1958–        )
213 Robert B. Abrams
10 Aug 2015   6 1982 (USMA) 33 (1960–        ) Son of Army four-star general Creighton W. Abrams Jr.; brother of Army four-star general John N. Abrams.
214 John W. Nicholson Jr.
2 Mar 2016   2 1982 (USMA) 34 (1957–        ) Nephew of U.S. Secretary of Veterans Affairs Robert J. Nicholson.
215 Raymond A. Thomas III
30 Mar 2016   3 1980 (USMA) 36 (1958–        )
216 Robert B. Brown
30 Apr 2016   3 1981 (USMA) 35 (1959–        )
217 Gustave F. Perna
30 Sep 2016   5 1981 (VFMAC) 35 (1960–        )
218 James C. McConville
16 Jun 2017   6 1981 (USMA) 36 (1959–        )
219 Stephen J. Townsend
2 Mar 2018   4 1982 (NGCSU) 36 (1959–        )
220 Paul M. Nakasone
4 May 2018   6 1986 (ROTC) 32 (1963–        )
221 Stephen R. Lyons
24 Aug 2018   3 1983 (ROTC) 35 (c. 1962–        )
222 John M. Murray
24 Aug 2018   3 1982 (ROTC) 36 (c. 1960–        )
223 Austin S. Miller
2 Sep 2018   3 1983 (USMA) 35 (1961–        )
224 Michael X. Garrett
21 Mar 2019   3 1984 (ROTC) 35 (1961–        ) Chairman, American Battle Monuments Commission, 2023–present.[8]
225 Richard D. Clarke Jr.
29 Mar 2019   3 1984 (USMA) 35 (1962–        )
226 Paul E. Funk II
21 Jun 2019   3 1984 (ROTC) 35 (1962–        )
227 Joseph M. Martin
26 Jul 2019   3 1986 (USMA) 33 (1962–        )
228 Paul J. LaCamera
18 Nov 2019   5 1985 (USMA) 34 (1963–        )
229 Edward M. Daly
2 Jul 2020   3 1987 (USMA) 33 (1965–        )
230 Daniel R. Hokanson
3 Aug 2020   4 1986 (USMA) 34 (1963–        )
231 James H. Dickinson
20 Aug 2020   4 1985 (ROTC) 35 (c. 1962–        )
232 Christopher G. Cavoli
1 Oct 2020   4 1987 (ROTC) 33 (c. 1965–        )
233 Charles A. Flynn
4 Jun 2021   3 1985 (ROTC) 36 (c. 1963–        ) Brother of National Security Advisor Michael T. Flynn.
234 Laura J. Richardson
29 Oct 2021   3 1986 (ROTC) 35 (1963–        )
235 Michael E. Kurilla
1 Apr 2022   2 1988 (USMA) 34 (1966–        )
236 Darryl A. Williams
27 Jun 2022   2 1983 (USMA) 39 (1961–        ) Superintendent, U.S. Military Academy, 2018–2022.
237 Andrew P. Poppas
8 Jul 2022   2 1988 (USMA) 34 (c. 1966–        )
238 Randy A. George
5 Aug 2022   2 1988 (USMA) 34 (1964–        )
239 Bryan P. Fenton
30 Aug 2022   2 1987 (ROTC) 35 (1965–        )
240 Gary M. Brito
8 Sep 2022   2 1987 (ROTC) 35 (1964–        )
241 James E. Rainey
4 Oct 2022   2 1987 (ROTC) 35 (c. 1964–        )
242 Charles R. Hamilton
16 Mar 2023   1 1988 (OCS) 35 (c. 1967–        )
243 James J. Mingus
3 Jan 2024   0 1985 (ROTC) 39 (1964–        )
244 Ronald P. Clark
8 Nov 2024   0 1988 (USMA) 36 (1966–        )

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ford 1905, pp. 89–92.
  2. ^ Washington, George (23 December 1783). "III. Washington's Address to Congress Resigning his Commission". Founders Online. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  3. ^ "In Command of the Army". The Roanoke Times. Vol. 27, no. 146. 20 June 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  4. ^ Act of October 11, 1976 (90 Stat. 2078). Alexander, Clifford (13 March 1978). "Orders 31-3" (Document). Alexandria, Virginia: U.S. Army Military Personnel Center.
  5. ^ Straus 2024, pp. 1–2.
  6. ^ Act of March 3, 1885 (23 Stat. 434).
  7. ^ Straus 2024, p. 21.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g "History – American Battle Monuments Commission". American Battle Monuments Commission. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  9. ^ Act of June 15, 1940 [Private Law 76-379] (54 Stat. 1286). "John L. Hines Made Full General Under a Special Act of Congress". The Cumberland News. 10 June 1940. p. 1.
  10. ^ Saxon, Wolfgang (17 April 1984). "Gen. Mark Clark Dies at 87; Last of World War II Chiefs". The New York Times. p. A1. Retrieved 2 November 2024.
  11. ^ O'Brien, William (January 1959). "General Clark's Nomination as Ambassador to the Vatican: American Reaction". The Catholic Historical Review. 44 (4): 421, 439. JSTOR 25016458.
  12. ^ "Letter on Assignment of General Carl Spaatz as Deputy to the Commanding General, Army Air Forces for Special Organizational Planning". Headquarters, U.S. Air Force. 4 December 1945. Retrieved 2 March 2023.
  13. ^ "Gen. Omar N. Bradley Dead At 88; Last of Army's Five-Star Generals". The New York Times. 9 April 1981. p. A1. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  14. ^ Leubsdorf 2024, p. 20.
  15. ^ "Fighting General Walker, Hero of Korea, Killed". Madera Tribune. Vol. 59, no. 226. Seoul. 23 December 1950. Retrieved 2 November 2024. Joint Resolution of January 2, 1951 [Private Law 81-1083] 64 Stat. A271.
  16. ^ a b Leubsdorf 2024, p. 18.
  17. ^ a b c Straus 2024, p. 23.
  18. ^ Act of July 19, 1854 (68 Stat. 892).
  19. ^ Leubsdorf 2024, p. 19.
  20. ^ Connor, Albert O. (12 June 1969). "Memorandum for the Chief of Staff, U.S. Army on the Extension of General Lemnitzer". Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, U.S. Army, G-1. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
  21. ^ Pace, Eric (19 July 2005). "General Westmoreland Dies; Led U.S. in Vietnam". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  22. ^ "Army Chief Abrams Dies at 59, Directed U.S. Forces in Vietnam". The New York Times. 4 September 1975. p. 1. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  23. ^ Stout, David (17 May 2005). "Andrew J. Goodpaster, 90, Soldier and Scholar, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  24. ^ "Personnel – White House Appointment of Military Personnel to Staff" (PDF). Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. 1974. p. 11. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  25. ^ Weiner, Tim (20 February 2010). "Alexander M. Haig Jr. Dies at 85; Was Forceful Aide to 2 Presidents". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  26. ^ Martin, Douglas (10 November 2008). "Bernard W. Rogers Is Dead at 87; Innovative Army Chief". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  27. ^ McFadden, Robert (18 August 2016). "John W. Vessey Jr., Who Was Chairman of Joint Chiefs, Dies at 94". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  28. ^ a b Leubsdorf 2024, p. 16.
  29. ^ McFadden, Robert (16 March 2022). "Lauro Cavazos, First Hispanic Cabinet Member, Dies at 95". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  30. ^ McFadden, Robert (7 December 2012). "Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, U.S. Commander in Gulf War, Dies at 78". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  31. ^ Schmitt, Eric (18 October 2021). "Colin Powell, Who Shaped U.S. National Security, Dies at 84". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  32. ^ Leubsdorf 2024, pp. 15–16.
  33. ^ Dewan, Shaila (23 July 2011). "Gen. John M. Shalikashvili, Military Chief in 1990s, Dies at 75". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  34. ^ Leubsdorf 2024, p. 15.
  35. ^ Straus 2024, p. 24.
  36. ^ Leubsdorf 2024, p. 13.
  37. ^ Tritten, Travis (13 May 2014). "VA Secretary Eric Shinseki resigns". Stars and Stripes. Retrieved 1 November 2024. "Retired Gen. Shinseki Selected for 2023 Marshall Medal". Association of the United States Army. 23 March 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  38. ^ Leubsdorf 2024, p. 7.
  39. ^ Leubsdorf 2024, p. 11.
  40. ^ Cloud, David S. (13 August 2005). "General Disobeyed Orders to End Affair, Officials Say". The New York Times. p. A7. Retrieved 1 November 2024. Vaughn, Skip (4 May 2016). "Retired lieutenant general saw Soldiers give their all". The Redstone Rocket. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  41. ^ Tyson, Ann Scott (11 May 2009). "Top U.S. Commander in Afghanistan Is Fired". The Washington Post. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  42. ^ Rothacker, Rick (12 November 2012). "Three women intertwine in downfall of David Petraeus". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  43. ^ Schmitt, Eric (9 October 2024). "Gen. Raymond T. Odierno Dies at 67; Oversaw Iraq Surge". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  44. ^ "PN1280 — Lt. Gen. Raymond T. Odierno — Army, 110th Congress (2007-2008)". United States Congress. 5 February 2008. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  45. ^ Ulrich, Marybeth (1 March 2011). "The General Stanley McChrystal Affair: A Case Study in Civil-Military Relations". Parameters. 1 (41). USAWC Press: 88, 94. doi:10.55540/0031-1723.2576. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
  46. ^ Steinhauer, Jennifer; Edmondson, Catie (22 January 2021). "Senate Confirms Austin, Installing First Black Defense Secretary". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 October 2024.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Dates of rank are taken, where available, from the U.S. Army register of active and retired commissioned officers, or from the World Almanac and Book of Facts. The date listed is that of the officer's first promotion to general.
  2. ^ a b Positions listed are those held by the officer when promoted to general. Dates listed are for the officer's full tenure, which may predate promotion to four-star rank or postdate retirement from active duty.
  3. ^ a b The number of years of active-duty service at four-star rank is approximated by subtracting the year in the "Date of rank" column from the last year in the "Position" column. Time spent between active-duty four-star assignments is not counted.
  4. ^ a b Sources of commission are listed in parentheses after the year of commission and include: the United States Military Academy (USMA); Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) at a civilian university; ROTC at a senior military college such as the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), Norwich University (Norwich), Pennsylvania Military College (PMC), Widener University (Widener), or The Citadel (Citadel); Officer Candidate School (OCS); the aviation cadet program (cadet); the Army National Guard (ARNG); direct commission (direct); and battlefield commission (battlefield).
  5. ^ a b The number of years in commission before being promoted to four-star rank is approximated by subtracting the year in the "Commission" column from the year in the "Date of rank" column.
  6. ^ a b Notes include years of birth and death; awards of the Medal of Honor, Congressional Gold Medal, Presidential Medal of Freedom, or honors of similar significance; major government appointments; university presidencies or equivalents; familial relationships with other four-star officers or significant government officials such as U.S. Presidents, cabinet secretaries, U.S. Senators, or state governors; and unusual career events such as premature relief or death in office.
  7. ^ Commissioned general in the Continental Army, 15 June 1775; resigned, 23 December 1783; commissioned lieutenant general in the U.S. Army, 3 July 1798; promoted to General of the Armies, 11 October 1976, with date of rank 4 July 1976.[1][2][3][4]
  8. ^ Resigned, 1869, to serve as President; reappointed general and placed on the retired list, 3 March 1885.[6]
  9. ^ Brevetted general, May 1918.
  10. ^ a b Reverted to major general upon expiration of wartime legislation, 30 June 1920; advanced to general on the retired list, 21 June 1930, as highest grade held during World War I.
  11. ^ Reverted to major general, 20 November 1930; retired as general, 31 March 1931.
  12. ^ Reverted to major general, 1 October 1935; retired as general, 31 December 1937; recalled as major general, 26 July 1941; promoted to lieutenant general, 27 July 1941; promoted to general, 18 December 1941, with rank from 16 September 1936; promoted to general of the Army, 18 December 1944; rank made permanent, 11 April 1946; restored to active list, 9 July 1948; relieved of all commands, 11 April 1951.
  13. ^ Retired as general, August 1939; recalled as major general, September 1941.
  14. ^ a b c Received a direct commission following graduation from a military college prior to the creation of ROTC.
  15. ^ Promoted to general of the Army, 16 December 1944; rank made permanent, 11 April 1946; retired as general of the Army, 28 February 1947; restored to active list, 1 March 1949.
  16. ^ Advanced to general on the retired list, 15 June 1940, as former chief of staff of the Army.[9]
  17. ^ Retired from active service as general of the Army, 1948; recalled as general of the Army, December 1950; resigned, 1952, to run for President; reappointed general of the Army, March 1961.
  18. ^ a b c d Transferred to U.S. Air Force, 18 September 1947.
  19. ^ Retired as major general, 31 January 1945; recalled 1 February 1945; promoted to general, 5 March 1945; advanced to general on the retired list, 12 July 1946; retired, 20 July 1946.
  20. ^ Retired as major general, 30 April 1946; advanced to general on the retired list, 4 June 1948.
  21. ^ Nomination as U.S. Ambassador to Vatican City withdrawn, 1952.[11]
  22. ^ Died in car crash, 23 December 1950; posthumously promoted to general, 2 January 1951, with rank from 20 December 1950.[15]
  23. ^ Retired as general, July 1959; recalled as general, July 1961.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Advanced to general on the retired list, 19 July 1954, as a lieutenant general who, during World War II, commanded Army Ground Forces, commanded an army in any of the Theaters of Operations, was commanding general of U.S. forces in China and chief of staff to Chiang Kai-shek, or commanded Western Defense Command.[18]
  25. ^ Retired as general, August 1963; recalled as general, September 1963.
  26. ^ Retired as general, December 1959; recalled as general, January 1960.
  27. ^ Retired as general, July 1970; recalled as general, August 1970.
  28. ^ Retired as general, December 1974; recalled as lieutenant general, June 1977; retired as general, July 1981.
  29. ^ Transferred from Army National Guard, 1920; retired, 1947; retained on active duty until 1973; advanced to general on the retired list, February 1970, with date of rank 23 December 1969.
  30. ^ Retired as general, 1 August 1973; remained White House chief of staff as civilian until 1974; recalled as general, September 1974.
  31. ^ Graduated from Pennsylvania Military College, which was reorganized as a civilian institution in 1972 and is now Widener University.
  32. ^ Retired as general, November 2000; recalled as general, August 2003.
  33. ^ Relieved, August 2005, and retired as lieutenant general.[40]
  34. ^ Reverted to major general, March 2011; retired as lieutenant general, 13 November 2012.
  35. ^ Nomination as Vice Chief of Staff, U.S. Army (VCSA) withdrawn, 2008.[44]

Bibliography

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Books and papers

[edit]

Journals and magazines

[edit]

Online publications

[edit]
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