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A Grammar of the Persian Language (1771)
William Jones

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Original in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, Aleph number 014199990

21352A Grammar of the Persian Language1771William Jones

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کتاب شکرستان‎

در صرف ونحو پارسي‎

تصنیف یونس اوکسفردي‎

A

GRAMMAR

OF THE

PERSIAN LANGUAGE,

BY SIR WILLIAM JONES,

OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OXFORD, AND OF THE ROYAL SOCIETIES OF LONDON AND COPENHAGEN.

چو عندلیب فصاحت فروشد ای حافظ‎

تو قدر او نسخن کفتن دري بشکن‎

THE NINTH EDITION,

WITH CONSIDERABLE ADDITIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS,

AND SOME SPECIMENS OF THE FINEST PERSIAN AND ARABICK HAND WRITING, FOR THE EXERCISE OF THE STUDENT,

BY THE REV. SAMUEL LEE, B. D.

D. D. OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HALLE: HONORARY MEMBER OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF PARIS: HONORARY ASSOCIATE OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LITERATURE: MEMBER OF THE ORIENTAL TRANSLATION COMMITTEE, AND OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND: AND PROFESSOR OF ARABICK IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE.

LONDON:

PRINTED BY W. NICOL, CLEVELAND ROW,

FOR PARBURY, ALLEN AND CO.; S. BAGSTER; T. CUTHELL; JOHN RICHARDSON; HAMILTON, ADAMS, AND CO.; G. B. WHITTAKER; BLACK, YOUNG, AND YOUNG; HOWELL AND STEWARD; W. MASON; AND HENRY STEEL.

1828.

Prefaces (not listed in original)

THE TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Of the Letters, page 1–4
Of the Consonants, 4–9
Of the Vowels, 10–12
Of the Orthographical Marks, 12–13
Numerical Values of the Letters, 13–14
Modes of Describing Letters and Words, 14–17
Of the Figures Tarkhīm and Imālah, 17
Praxis on the Reading, 17–20
Kinds of Writing, 20–21

Of the Nouns, 21–22
Of Case, 22–24
Of Indefinite Nouns, Nouns of Unity, &c., 24–28
Of the ي‎ of Supplication, Endearment, &c., 28–30
Of Numbers, 30–32
Of Persian Attributives, 33–34
Of the Separate Pronouns, 34–36
Of the Possessive Pronouns, Inseparable, &c., 36–37
Of the Reciprocal Pronouns, 37–39
Of the Demonstrative Pronouns, 39–40
Of the Relative Pronouns, 40–41

Of the Persian Verbs, 41–42
Conjugation of Abstract and Substantive Verbs, 42–49
Of Forming the Tenses, 49–65

Of the Composition and Derivation of Words, 74–81
Of the Formation of Nouns, 81–84
Of Diminutive Nouns, 84–85
Of the Hasili Masdar, 85–87
Of Nouns of Place, 87–88
Of Compound Verbs, 88–92

Of the Persian and Arabick Numerals, 93–95
Of the Ordinals, 95–96

Persian Adverbs, 96–97
Interrogatives, 97–98
Conjunctions, Prepositions, Interjections, 98–100

Of the Persian Syntax,101
Of Indefinite Nouns, &c. 101–104
Construction of the Numerals, 104
Of Nouns Qualifying one another, 104–107
Of the Comparative and Superlative Degrees, 107–108
Of the Relative Pronouns, 109–112
Of the Subject and Predicate, 112–114
Of the Concordance of the Subject and Predicate, 114–116
Of the Subject of Verbs, 116–117
On the Government of Verbs, 118–120

Of the Term of Circumstance, 120–121

Of the Noun of Discrimination, 121–123

Of Corroboration and Exchange, 123–124

On the Tenses of the Verb, 124–125

Of the Present Tense, 125–127

Of the Simple Preterite, 127–128

Of the Preterimperfect and Potential Tenses, 128–130

On the Persons, 130–131

Of the Particles, 131–132

APPENDIX I.

On the Arabick Verbs and Nouns, 133–134
Paradigm of the 1st Conjugation Active Voice, 134–136
Passive Voice of the 1st Conjugation, 137–138
On the Defective Verbs, 138–140
General Paradigm of the Active Voice, 141
Of the Passive Voice, 142
Remarks on the General Paradigm, 142–144

On Ababick Nouns, 144–145
Table of Infinitives of the 1st Conjugation, 145–147
Table of Pluriliterals of the 1st Conjugation, 147–148
Table of Attributives, 148
Table of Nouns of Excess, 149
Table of Jāmids, 149
Table of Increased Jāmids, 150
Table of Quadriliteral Jāmids, 150
Table of Augmented Jāmids, 151

Table of Quinquiliteral Jāmids, 151
Table of Augmented Quinquiliteral Jāmids, 151
Of Masdars implying Unity of Action, 151–2
Of the Noun of Superiority, 152
Of the Noun of Instrument, Time, and Place, 152–154
Of the Noun of Excess, 154
Of the Diminutive Noun, 154–155
Of the Formation of the Feminine from the Masculine Gender, 155–156
Of the Relative Noun, 156–158
Of the Artificial Infinitive, 159
Of Number, 159–161
Of the Broken Plurals, 161
Tables of Broken Plurals, 162
Plurals of Paucity, 162
Plurals of Multitude, 163–165
Of the Last of Plurals, 165–166
Of the Declension of Nouns, 166–168

On the Arabick Pronouns.

Of the Separate Pronouns, 169
Of the Affixed Pronouns, 169–171
Of the Reflective Pronouns, 171
Of the Demonstrative Pronouns, 171–173

Arabick Adverbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Interjections, 173–175

On the Arabick Syntax, 176
On the Combination of Words, 176–179

The Concordance of the Subject with the Predicate, 179–181
On the Objective Cases of Verbs, 181
On the Use of the Tenses, 182–183
On the Terms of Circumstance and Discrimination, 183–185
Of the Numerals, 185–186
Of the Abstract Verbs, 186
Of the Particles affecting the Terminations of the Present Tense, 186–188
On the Passive Verb, 188
Of Particles Affecting the Cases of Nouns, 188–189
Of the Vocative Particles, 190
On the Definite Article ال‎, 190–191

APPENDIX II.

On the Persian Prosody, 192
On the Quantity of Syllables, 192–195
On the Feet used in Persian Prosody, 195–196
On the Measures of the different kinds of Verse, 196
Examples, 196–201

APPENDIX III.

Praxis. A Persian Fable with an Analysis, 202–228
Poetical and Prose Translations of a Persian Song, 229–232

APPENDIX IV.

A Vocabulary with Advertisement, 233–281

This work was published before January 1, 1929, and is in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago.

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