周

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See also: 固 and 週
周 U+5468, 周
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5468
← 呧
[U+5467] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 呩 →
[U+5469]

周 U+2F83F, 周
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F83F
← 呈
[U+2F83E] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 咢 →
[U+2F840]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
8 strokes

Alternative forms

[edit]
  • In certain typefaces and/or at small font sizes, the edges of the 土 component touch the enclosing 冂 component, producing a resemblance to the radical 用.

Han character

[edit]

周 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月土口 (BGR), four-corner 77220, composition ⿵⺆𠮷(GTJV) or ⿵⺆⿻一古 or ⿵⺆⿱𰀁口(HK))

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 181, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3441
  • Dae Jaweon: page 400, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 606, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5468

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 周
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (周) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
裯 *tuːw, *dɯw, *do
啁 *tuːw, *rtɯːw, *tɯw
禂 *tuːwʔ
綢 *tʰuːw, *dɯw
翢 *tʰuːw, *duːw
錭 *duːw
雕 *tɯːw
凋 *tɯːw
琱 *tɯːw
鯛 *tɯːw
鵰 *tɯːw
彫 *tɯːw
奝 *tɯːw
調 *dɯːw, *dɯːws, *tɯw
蜩 *dɯːw
惆 *tʰɯw
婤 *tʰɯw, *tjɯw
稠 *dɯw
椆 *dɯw, *tjɯws
周 *tjɯw
輖 *tjɯw
賙 *tjɯw
郮 *tjɯw
晭 *tjɯwʔ
倜 *tʰɯːwɢ

Oracle bone script: Pictogram (象形) of a jade artifact with carved patterns. Original form of 彫 (OC *tɯːw, “to carve”). The character was later borrowed as a country name and 口 was added as a distinguishing mark. The top part of the character gradually became similar to 用 in the late Western Zhou period.[1]

The seal script form can be interpreted as ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + semantic 用 (“to use”) - indicating the idea of using words skillfully to express oneself, thereby conveying the meaning of being meticulous or detailed.[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ 漢語多功能字庫 - 字頭 「周」
  2. ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology 1

[edit]
trad. 周
simp. # 周
alternative forms 𠄗
𠕛
𠣘
淍
週／周
to encircle, to circle, to surround, everywhere, curve (in the road)
Unclear. Possibly connected with Tibetan གཅུ་བ (gcu ba) ~ ལྕུ་བ (lcu ba, “screw”), གཅུད་བ (gcud ba) ~ ལྕུབ་བ (lcub ba, “turn, twist, plait, braid”), or Thai ดิ้ว (dîu, “club, stick; strips of rattan or bamboo bent in a circle to which ribs of a cage are fastened”) or Khmer ជួត (cuət, “to wind; to wrap around; to wear a turban”) (Schuessler, 2007)
to help
Unclear. Maybe same word as 周 (zhōu, “to surround”) as words for "help, aid" often derive from the notion "next to, or around, a person" (for analogies, 佐 (OC *ʔsaːls, “to assist < to be on one's left-side”) from 左 (OC *ʔsaːlʔ, “left”) and 佑 (OC *ɢʷɯs, “to assist < to be on one's right-side”) from 右 (OC *ɢʷɯʔ)) (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, note Khmer ជួយ (cuəy, “to help, assist; to support; to rescue, save”) (ibid.). Even so, also note Thai ช่วย (chûai), which in turn is from Middle Chinese 助 (MC dzrjoH)); if Khmer ជួយ (cuəy) and Thai ช่วย (chûai) were related, then Khmer ជួយ (cuəy) cannot be related to Old Chinese 周 (OC *tjɯw).
dynasty's name
Attested in the Huayuanzhang East Oracle Bone Inscription HYZ 327.1 (transliterated and translated by Schwartz, 2019[1])
周入亖 [Pre-Classical Chinese]  ―  Zhōu rù sì [Pinyin]  ―  Zhou contributes four
A 周方白 (Zhōufāng bó, “Elder of Zhou region”), likely King Wen of Zhou, was mentioned in Oracle Bone Inscriptions H11:82 and H11:84 (Lin, 1995)[2]
Hargett (2021)[3] states that 商 (Shāng) and 周 (Zhōu) derived from names of "places that the rulers and people of those eras regarded as their homeland or cultic centers"; the 周方 (Zhōufāng, “Zhou region”) was among "areas or regions along the frontier borders of Shang, traditionally regarded as enemy territory".

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 周
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂou⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂou⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂou²¹/
/t͡sou²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂou²¹³/
Qingdao /tʃou²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂou²⁴/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂou²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂɯ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂəu⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂou³¹/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂɤu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡səu⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡səu⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡səu⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂəu⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂəɯ³¹/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂɯ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡səu¹¹/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂəu¹³/
Hohhot /t͡səu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sɤ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡sɤ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sei³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕɤu³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiu³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂəu³³/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂəɯ³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɨu⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡su⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʃu²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɐu⁵³/
Nanning /t͡sɐu⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sɐu⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡siu⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sieu⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡siu⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡siu³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡siu²³/
Rime
Character 周
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職流切
Baxter tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cuw/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiu/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhōu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 周 周
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhōu zhōu
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyuw › ‹ tsyuw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tiw/ /*tiw/
English Zhōu (dynasty and place) cycle; all around

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 周
Reading # 1/1
No. 17531
Phonetic
component 		周
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		周
Old
Chinese 		/*tjɯw/
Notes 甲金文象田間稼密，
爲稠初文

Definitions

[edit]

周

  1. to circle; to encircle
  2. circle; circumference
    四周  ―  sìzhōu  ―  surroundings
    圓周／圆周  ―  yuánzhōu  ―  circumference
  3. whole
    周身  ―  zhōushēn  ―  the whole body
    眾所周知／众所周知  ―  zhòngsuǒzhōuzhī  ―  as everyone knows
  4. to extend everywhere
  5. thorough; complete; comprehensive
    周密  ―  zhōumì  ―  thorough
    周詳／周详  ―  zhōuxiáng  ―  comprehensive
  6. (obsolete) side; periphery
  7. (obsolete) to suit
  8. to help (e.g. financially); to relieve
    alt. forms: 賙／赒 (zhōu)
    周濟／周济  ―  zhōujì  ―  to relieve
  9. (Cantonese, chiefly in the passive) to reprimand with authority; to catch
    佢上堂偷玩電話畀老師周到。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢上堂偷玩电话畀老师周到。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 soeng5 tong4 tau1 waan2 din6 waa6-2 bei2 lou5 si1 zau1 dou2. [Jyutping]
    He was playing on his phone during class and got caught by the teacher.
  10. Classifier for circuits.; circuit; revolution
    繞場兩周／绕场两周  ―  rào chǎng liǎng zhōu  ―  to make two circuits around the arena
    地球環繞太陽一周需要約365天。 [MSC, trad.]
    地球环绕太阳一周需要约365天。 [MSC, simp.]
    Dìqiú huánrào tàiyáng yī zhōu xūyào yuē 365 tiān. [Pinyin]
    It takes around 365 days for Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun.
  11. (historical) name of various dynasties
    1. (～朝) Zhou Dynasty (1046—256 BCE)
    2. Northern Zhou (557—581), one of the Northern dynasties in China
    3. Wu Zhou (690–705), established by Wu Zetian
    4. Later Zhou (951–960), one of the Five Dynasties in China
  12. a surname
    周恩來／周恩来  ―  Zhōu Ēnlái  ―  Zhou Enlai / Chou En-Lai (the first Premier of the People's Republic of China)
Descendants
[edit]
  • → English: Zhou, Chou, Chow, Chau, Chew, Chiu
See also
[edit]
Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name Time period Divisions
Xia
夏 (～朝, ～代) 		2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
商 (～朝, ～代)
殷 (～朝, ～代) 		1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
周 (～朝, ～代) 		1046 – 256 BCE Western Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周／东周		 Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國／战国
Qin
秦 (～朝, ～代) 		221 – 206 BCE
Han
漢／汉 (～朝, ～代) 		206 BCE – 220 C.E. Western Han
西漢／西汉
Xin
新 (～朝)
Eastern Han
東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國／三国 		220 – 280 C.E. Wei
魏
Shu Han
蜀漢／蜀汉
Wu
吳／吴
Jin
晉／晋 (～朝, ～代) 		265 – 420 C.E. Western Jin
西晉／西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝 		420 – 589 C.E. Northern dynasties
北朝		 Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏／东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊／北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝		 Liu Song
劉宋／刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊／南齐
Liang
梁 (～朝, ～代)
Chen
陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui
隋 (～朝, ～代) 		581 – 618 C.E.
Tang
唐 (～朝, ～代) 		618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國／五代十国 		907 – 960 C.E.
Liao
遼／辽 (～朝, ～代) 		907 – 1125 C.E.
Song
宋 (～朝, ～代) 		960 – 1279 C.E. Northern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏 		1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin
金 (～朝, ～代) 		1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao
西遼／西辽 		1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan
元 (～朝, ～代) 		1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming
明 (～朝, ～代) 		1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing
清 (～朝, ～代) 		1636 – 1912 C.E.

Compounds

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ Schwartz, A. (2019) The Oracle Bone Inscriptions from Huayuanzhuang East: Translated with an Introduction and Commentary, Boston, Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN
  2. ^ Lin, Sen-Shou. 1995. “Problems in the Studies of Zhou Oracle-Bone Scripts.” Retrospective Theses and Dissertations, 1919-2007. T, University of British Columbia. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.14288/1.0098998.
  3. ^ Hargett, James (2021) “Anchors of Stability: Place-Names in Early China”, in Mair, Victor, editor, Sino-Platonic Papers, number 312

Etymology 2

[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 周 – see 週 (“week; circumference; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 週).
Notes:

Usage notes

[edit]

This variant form is the name of the second tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌇), as listed in the ancient text.

Etymology 3

[edit]
trad. 周
simp. # 周
alternative forms 舟
州

Pronunciation

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

周

  1. (Cantonese) penis (Classifier: 條／条 c)
Synonyms
[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 陰莖 (“penis; male genitalia”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 玉莖, 陽具, 陽物, 陰體, 人道, 身根
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 陰莖, 陽具, 男根
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 雞巴, 卵子, 家伙, 帽兒, 大帽兒, 雀子 †, 小雞兒 †, 小蟲兒 †
Taiwan 雞雞, 屌, 肉棒, 老二, 命根, 命根子, 小弟弟, 小鳥 †, 小雞雞 †
Harbin 雞巴, 雞巴嘚兒, 雞巴頭子, 嘚兒, 牛子, 老二, 二哥, 腿兒, 牛牛兒 †, 小牛子 †, 家雀兒 †
Singapore 小鳥 †
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 屌, 小雞兒 †, 小雞雞 †
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 鴨子, 雞子, 雞巴, 屌, 小鴨兒 †
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 雞巴, 屌, 膀, 雞巴兒 †, 小雞兒雞兒 †
Wanrong 鴨子, 鴨兒 †
Xi'an 㞗, 錘子, 牛牛兒 †
Xining 雞巴, 㞗, 錘子, 雞雞 †
Xuzhou 屌, 雞巴, 雞尜尜, 屌頭子, 老二, 二哥, 一家人兒, 打種的 dated, 小雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 尜尜 †, 小老雀兒 †, 老雀兒 †
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 㞗
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 㞗, 雞巴, 雞雞 †
Lanzhou 㞗, 牛牛子 †
Ürümqi 㞗, 㞗把子, 錘子, 雞雞 †, 㞗㞗 †
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 錘子, 雞巴, 雞棍兒, 雞兒, 雀雀兒, 雀雀, 麻雀兒, 毛鰱魚, 老二, 㞗, 雞雞 †, 小雞兒 †, 小麻雀兒 †, 小雀雀兒 †
Chongqing 錘子, 卵, 鷄兒, 鴨兒, 雀雀兒, 鷄巴, 㞗, 牙刷兒
Wuhan 鴨蒂, 雞巴, 卵, 雀雀 †, 鴨鴨 †, 雞雞 †
Guiyang 雞巴, 大雞巴, 乾雞巴, 馬雞巴, 卵子, 㞗, 屌, 下二哥, 二哥, 甩甩, 錘錘 dated, 錘子 dated, 雞雞 †, 小雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 麻雀 †, 小麻雀 †, 雀雀 †
Liuzhou 鳥, 卵, 二老爺, 大頭蟲, 鳥崽 †
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 雞巴, 屌, 麻雀, 小麻雀兒 †
Yangzhou 雞巴, 屌子, 屌, 卵子, 麻雀子 †
Nantong 屌兒, 屌
Hefei 屌, 雞巴, 尕尕雞 †, 尕雞 †
Huanggang 卵, 雞巴
Cantonese Guangzhou 鳩, 𨳍, 𡳞, 賓周, 小便, 祠堂, 脧 †, 脧脧 †, 鳩脧 †, 脧仔 †, 咕咕 †, 雀仔 †, 慈姑椗 †
Hong Kong 鳩, 𨳍, 𡳞, 賓周, 周, 周周, 雀, 弟弟, 細佬, 何B仔, 子孫根, 祠堂, 第三隻腳, 第五肢, 是非根, J slang, 丁 slang, 丁丁 slang, 腸 slang, 腸仔 slang, 嘢 euphemistic, 脧 †, 脧脧 †, 脧脧仔 †, 咕咕 †, 雀仔 †, 慈姑椗 †
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 𡳞, 鵝仔 †
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 鵝仔, 𡳞
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 𡳞, 𡳞仔 †
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 𡳞
Macau 鳩
Guangzhou (Panyu) 鳩, 𨳍
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 鳩
Guangzhou (Conghua) 鳩
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 鳩
Foshan 鳩
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 鳩
Foshan (Shunde) 鳩
Foshan (Sanshui) 鳩, 𨳍
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 鳩
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 鳩, 𨳍
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 𨳍
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 鳩脧, 𨳍
Zhuhai (Doumen) 𨳍, 鳩
Jiangmen (Baisha) 雀, 𡳞
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 𡳞, 鳩
Taishan 𡳞, 雀 †, 雀仔 †
Kaiping (Chikan) 𡳞, 𨳍
Enping (Niujiang) 𡳞, 𨳍
Heshan (Yayao) 𨳍
Dongguan 𡳞, 鵝必 †
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 𡳞
Qingyuan 鳩
Fogang 𨳍
Yingde (Hanguang) 鳩
Yangshan 巧
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 巧
Shaoguan 𨳍
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 鳩
Renhua 𡳞子
Lechang 雞巴, 𨳍
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 鳩
Sihui 巧, 鳩, 𨳍
Guangning 巧
Deqing 屌, 𨳍
Huaiji 鳩
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 鳩
Yunfu 𨳍
Xinxing 𨳍
Luoding 𨳍
Yunan (Pingtai) 鳩
Yangjiang 鳩, 𨳍
Xinyi 𨳍
Nanning 𨳍
Hepu (Lianzhou) 鳩脧
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 𡳞, 鳩, 𨳍
Ipoh (Guangfu) 屌, 𨳍, 𡳞, 咕咕, 雀仔, 水喉, 大鵰, 賓周, 慈姑椗
Singapore (Guangfu) 𡳞, 鳩, 𨳍
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 賓周
Gan Nanchang 卵, 卵雞子 †, 卵雞 †
Lichuan 卵, 老二
Pingxiang 卵, 卵仔 †, 雞仔 †
Hakka Meixian 𡳞棍, 𡳞仔, 𡳞, 脧, 脧仔 †
Xingning 脧哩, 𡳞棍
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 𡳞, 𡳞棍, 脧 †, 咕咕 †
Huidong (Daling) 𡳞棍, 脧仔
Dongguan (Qingxi) 脧
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 脧
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 𡳞, 脧
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 𨳍
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 脧哩, 𡳞棍
Wuhua (Huacheng) 脧哩, 脧, 𡳞棍
Wuhua (Changbu) 脧
Wuhua (Mianyang) 脧哩, 𡳞棍
Heyuan (Bendihua) 𡳞
Wengyuan 𡳞子
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 𡳞棍
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 𡳞棍, 脧
Liannan 脧子
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 𨳍
Jiexi 脧
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 𡳞
Changting 𡳞子, 𡳞
Wuping 𡳞
Wuping (Yanqian) 𡳞子
Wuping (Pingyu) 𡳞
Liancheng 𡳞, 脧
Ninghua 脧
Yudu 卵, 卵子 †, 尒卵子 †
Ningdu 卵
Ruijin 卵陀
Shicheng 卵梗
Shangyou (Shexi) 卵
Tonggu (Sandu) 卵子
Ganzhou (Panlong) 卵
Dayu 卵
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 𡳞, 脧, 脧仔
Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian) 脧仔
Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian) 脧仔
Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian) 𡳞棍
Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian) 𡳞棍
Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian) 𡳞棍
Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian) 𡳞棍
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 𡳞, 𡳞棍, 脧仔
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 𡳞棍, 脧仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 𡳞
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 𡳞
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 𡳞, 脧仔
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 𡳞
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 𡳞棍
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 𡳞棍
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 𡳞棍
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 脧
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 脧子
Hong Kong 𡳞, 脧 †
Mengshan (Xihe) 𡳞
Luchuan 脧
Sabah (Bao'an) 𡳞棍, 𡳞
Sabah (Longchuan) 脧仔
Senai (Huiyang) 𡳞棍
Singkawang 脧
Huizhou Jixi 鳥, 老八鳥, 八鳥
Shexian 鳥
Huangshan (Tunxi) 雞兒, 鳥兒
Xiuning 鳥, 卵, 雞兒, 雞雞 †, 下身 euphemistic
Yixian 卵
Qimen 屌兒
Wuyuan 菩蒂
Jin Taiyuan 㞗, 雞巴, 雀兒, 雞雞 †, 狗雞兒 †
Taiyuan (Jiancaoping) 雞巴, 㞗
Pingyao 㞗兒, 秤桿, 狗雞兒 †, 雞兒 †, 狗雞雞 †
Xinzhou 㞗, 雞巴, 雞雞, 二掌櫃, 小腹, 雞溜子 †, 雞溜 †, 毛㞗 of an adult
Shenmu 㞗, 屌子, 雞溜子, 雞雞 †, 沙奶奶 †
Northern Min Jian'ou 𫵓, 𫵓仔, 𫵓𫵓仔 †
Jian'ou (Dikou) 𫵓
Songxi 𫵓
Zhenghe 𫵓
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 𫵓牯
Jianyang 𫵓
Wuyishan 脧
Pucheng (Shibei) 脧
Eastern Min Fuzhou 欛欛, 䐯鳥, 欛欛囝 †, 鳥鳥囝 †, 䐯鳥囝 †
Fuzhou (Changle) 欛欛囝
Fuqing 䐯, 鳥 †
Yongtai 䐯鳥
Gutian 䐯鳥
Fu'an 䐯鳥
Ningde 䐯
Shouning 䐯鳥
Zhouning 䐯鳥
Fuding 䐯䐯, 䐯鳥
Matsu 欛欛
Southern Min Xiamen 𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
Xiamen (Tong'an) 𡳞鳥
Quanzhou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
Jinjiang 𡳞鳥
Anxi 𡳞鳥
Yongchun 𡳞鳥
Zhangzhou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞𦉎, 𡳞, 鳥仔 †
Zhangpu 𡳞
Zhao'an 𡳞鳥
Dongshan 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥仔 †
Taipei 𡳞鳥
Taipei (Wanhua) 𡳞鳥
New Taipei (Tamsui) 𡳞鳥
New Taipei (Sanxia) 𡳞鳥
New Taipei (Pingxi) 𡳞鳥
Kaohsiung 𡳞鳥
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 𡳞鳥
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 𡳞鳥
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 𡳞鳥
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 𡳞鳥
Yilan 𡳞鳥
Yilan (Luodong) 𡳞鳥
Yilan (Toucheng) 𡳞鳥
Changhua (Lukang) 𡳞鳥
Taichung 𡳞鳥
Taichung (Wuqi) 𡳞鳥
Tainan 𡳞鳥, 戛, 訶
Tainan (Anping) 𡳞鳥
Taitung 𡳞鳥
Hsinchu 𡳞鳥
Kinmen 𡳞鳥
Penghu (Magong) 𡳞鳥
Penghu (Xiyu) 𡳞鳥
Penang (Hokkien) 𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 小弟, 咕咕鳥, 咕咕
Singapore (Hokkien) 𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 弟弟, 小弟, 咕咕鳥 †, childish
Manila (Hokkien) 𡳞鳥
Zhangping (Yongfu) 𡳞, 𡳞公仔 †
Datian 𡳞鳥
Pingnan (Shangdu) 鳩
Chaozhou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Raoping 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Shantou 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Shantou (Chenghai) 𡳞
Shantou (Chaoyang) 𡳞鳥
Nan'ao (Houzhai) 𡳞
Nan'ao (Yun'ao) 𡳞
Jieyang 𡳞鳥, 𡳞, 鳥 †, 龜鳥 †
Haifeng 𡳞鳥
Bangkok (Teochew) 鳥, 𡳞, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Chiang Mai (Teochew) 𡳞
Hat Yai (Teochew) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 𡳞
Singapore (Teochew) 𡳞鳥, 𡳞
Leizhou 𡳞, 鳥, 殼車, 家私, 尻川柄
Wenchang 頹
Haikou 頹, 鳥 †
Puxian Min Putian 𡳞, 𡳞囝
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 𡳞, 𡳞囝
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 𡳞, 𡳞囝, 𡳞鳥 †, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Xianyou 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Xianyou (Fengting) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Xianyou (Youyang) 𡳞, 𡳞鳥, 𡳞鳥囝 †
Central Min Yong'an 脧
Sanming (Sanyuan) 脧
Sanming (Shaxian) 脧仔
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 卵, 卵脬
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 𨳍, 麻鳥, 二老弟, 慈姑椗 †
Shehua Fu'an 𡳞仔
Fuding 𡳞仔
Luoyuan 𡳞仔
Sanming 𡳞仔
Shunchang 𡳞仔
Hua'an 𡳞仔
Guixi (Zhangping) 𡳞仔
Cangnan 𡳞仔
Jingning (Hexi) 𡳞
Lishui 𡳞
Longyou 𡳞鳥
Chaozhou 𡳞仔
Fengshun 𡳞仔
Wu Shanghai 卵, 屌屌 †, 屌屌頭 †, 小雞雞 †, 麻鳥 †
Shanghai (Chongming) 卵, 卵子, 卵卵 †, 小尿螺 †
Suzhou 卵, 鳥, 雞雞 †, 小卵 †, 長生果 †
Wuxi 卵
Danyang 卵, 卵子, 屌子, 屌, 雞巴, 雞雞 †, 小雀雀 †, 雀雀 †, 八八 †, 八雞 †
Hangzhou 雀兒, 八屌, 卵脬, 小八屌 †, 麻雀兒 †, 麻油壺兒 †
Ningbo 卵, 卵子, 卵瓜瓜 †, 瓜瓜 †
Wenzhou 頹, 卵脬, 卵脬兒, 臀卵脬, 脬兒 †, 脬脬兒 †, 奶哥鳥兒 †
Jinhua 老八兒, 聊子, 雀, 雞巴, 八兒八兒 †
Xiang Changsha 卵, 雞巴, 掉它, 太鬍子, 雞雞 †, 鳥鳥 †, 鳥 †, 梗梗 †
Loudi 雞巴, 卵, 勺欛腦殼, 雞雞 †, 雞崽唧 †
Shuangfeng 卵子, 雞蓀子 †
Quanzhou 屌把
Note † - of a boy

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 周
Kyūjitai
[1]
周
&#x2F83F;
or
周+&#xFE00;?
周󠄀
周+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
周󠄃
周+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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周

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 周)

  1. circumference
  2. circuit
  3. lap

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
周
しゅう
Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 周 (MC tsyuw).

Pronunciation

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Counter

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周(しゅう) • (-shū) ←しう (-siu)?

  1. laps or circuits

Proper noun

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

周(しゅう) • (Shū) ←しう (Siu)?

  1. Zhou

Proper noun

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周(まこと) • (Makoto) 

  1. a male given name

Proper noun

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周(あまね) • (Amane) 

  1. a male given name
    西(にし)周(あまね)
    Nishi Amane
    Nishi Amane (Meiji period philosopher)

References

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  1. ^ “周”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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周 (eumhun 두루 주 (duru ju))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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周: Hán Việt readings: chu[1][2], châu[3]
周: Nôm readings: chu[1][4][5], châu[1][5]

  1. chữ Hán form of Chu (“a surname.”).
  2. chữ Hán form of Châu (“a surname.”).

Usage notes

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Chu is the original Hán-Việt reading of this character and related ones according to Thiều Chửu. However, naming taboos for Nguyễn Phúc Chu (阮福淍) led to the reading Châu being used instead for this character, especially in the south of Vietnam, based on a tradition of u/âu sound swaps. Currently, both readings are in use. [6]

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  2. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
  3. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  4. ^ Nguyễn (2014).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Trần (2004).
  6. ^ Thiếu Khanh (2019 July 7) “Những từ “kỵ húy” của người Nam bộ”, in Nhạc Xưa Thời Báo‎[2]
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