Jump to content

幾

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 几
幾 U+5E7E, 幾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E7E
← 幽
[U+5E7D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 广 →
[U+5E7F]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

幾 (Kangxi radical 52, 幺+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女戈竹戈 (VIHI), four-corner 22253, composition ⿻⿻𢆶戈人(G) or ⿹⿻𢆶戈人(HTJK))

Derived characters

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
[edit]

Usage notes

[edit]

In standards of Hong Kong, Japan and Taiwan, the 人 component in the lower left of 幾 touches but does not cross the horizontal stroke in the 戈 component. In standard of Mainland China, the top of the 人 component crosses over the horizontal stroke in the 戈 component.

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 342, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9208
  • Dae Jaweon: page 652, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1095, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5E7E

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 幾
simp. 几*
alternative forms 㡬
𢆻
𢆼

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 幾
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (幾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
機 *kɯl
譏 *kɯl
嘰 *kɯl
磯 *kɯl
鞿 *kɯl
饑 *kɯl
禨 *kɯl, *kɯls
幾 *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls
鐖 *kɯl
僟 *kɯl
璣 *kɯl
蟣 *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl
穖 *kɯlʔ
畿 *ɡɯl

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 𢆶 (“silk threads; little things”) + 戍 (“to guard against”) – watching over the fine details.

Note that the simplified form 几 (OC *krilʔ, “small table”) is also a traditional character on its own.

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
Note: gi2 - in 幾時／几时, 幾多／几多, 幾解／几解, 幾何／几何.
Note:
  • gūi - vernacular;
  • gī - literary.
Note:
  • gui3 - vernacular;
  • gi3 - literary.
Note:
  • kúi - vernacular;
  • kí - literary.
Note:
  • gui2 - vernacular;
  • gi1 - literary;
  • gua3 - variant.
Rime
Character 幾
Reading # 3/4
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 微 (20)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居狶切
Baxter kj+jX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨiX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiəiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨjX/
Li
Rong 		/kiəiX/
Wang
Li 		/kĭəiX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ke̯iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gei2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 幾
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjɨjX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kəjʔ/
English few; how many

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 幾
Reading # 2/4
No. 5800
Phonetic
component 		幾
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		蟣
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯlʔ/

Definitions

[edit]

幾

  1. how much; how many
    幾位？／几位？  ―  Jǐwèi?  ―  How many people [e.g. when entering restaurants]?
    你要幾瓶？／你要几瓶？  ―  Nǐ yào jǐ píng?  ―  How many bottles do you want?
    你會說幾種語言？ [MSC, trad.]
    你会说几种语言？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ huì shuō jǐ zhǒng yǔyán? [Pinyin]
    How many languages do you speak?
  2. (of number, time, date) what; which
    幾點鐘了？／几点钟了？  ―  Jǐ diǎnzhōng le?  ―  What time is it?
    今天幾號？／今天几号？  ―  Jīntiān jǐ hào?  ―  What's the date today?
    你幾號？／你几号？  ―  Nǐ jǐ hào?  ―  What's your number?
    你幾幾年的？／你几几年的？  ―  Nǐ jǐ jǐ nián de?  ―  What year were you born?
  3. a few; some; several
    我邊等邊瀏覽幾本雜誌。 [MSC, trad.]
    我边等边浏览几本杂志。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ biān děng biān liúlǎn jǐ běn zázhì. [Pinyin]
    I browsed through some magazines while I waited.
    幾天後他將回來。 [MSC, trad.]
    几天后他将回来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Jǐ tiān hòu tā jiāng huílái. [Pinyin]
    He will be back in a few days.
    同幾首歌／同几首歌 [Cantonese]  ―  tung4 gei2 sau2 go1 [Jyutping]  ―  the same old songs
  4. (of numeral amounts) some; something; odd
    八十幾年／八十几年  ―  bāshí jǐ nián  ―  eighty-something years; eighty-odd years
    八幾年／八几年 [Cantonese]  ―  baat3 gei2 nin4 [Jyutping]  ―  the '80s
    三點幾嚟，飲茶先呀！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    三点几嚟，饮茶先呀！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    From: 飲茶哥
    saam1 dim2 gei2 lai4, jam2 caa4 sin1 aa3! [Jyutping]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  5. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Pinghua) how; how much
    佢今年幾大呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢今年几大呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 gam1 nin4-2 gei2 daai6 aa3? [Jyutping]
    How old is she this year?
    有幾難啫？／有几难啫？ [Cantonese]  ―  jau5 gei2 naan4 ze1? [Jyutping]  ―  How hard can it be?
  6. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Hakka, Pinghua, Xiang) how; so; such
  7. (Cantonese) quite; rather; really; very; pretty
    幾好睇／几好睇 [Cantonese]  ―  gei2 hou2 tai2 [Jyutping]  ―  quite good-looking
Synonyms
[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 多少 (“how many; how much”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 幾, 幾何, 幾多, 幾許, 多少
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 多少
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 多少
Taiwan 多少
Singapore 多少
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 多少
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 多少
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 好多
Wuhan 幾多, 好多
Guilin 好多
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 幾, 幾多
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 多少
Hefei 好些, 好多
Cantonese Guangzhou 幾多, 幾
Hong Kong 幾多, 幾
Taishan 幾多
Dongguan 幾多
Yangjiang 幾多, 幾
Singapore (Guangfu) 幾多, 幾
Gan Nanchang 幾多
Hakka Meixian 幾多
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 幾多
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 幾多
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 幾多
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 幾多
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 幾多
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 幾多
Jin Taiyuan 多少
Northern Min Jian'ou 幾多
Eastern Min Fuzhou 若夥
Singapore (Fuqing) 若夥
Southern Min Xiamen 偌濟
Quanzhou 偌濟
Shishi 偌濟
Zhangzhou 偌濟
Zhao'an 偌濟
Tainan 偌濟, 幾
Penang (Hokkien) 幾
Singapore (Hokkien) 偌濟, 幾
Manila (Hokkien) 偌濟, 幾
Chaozhou 若濟
Shantou 若濟
Jieyang 若濟
Puning 若濟
Pontianak (Teochew) 若濟
Haikou 偌濟
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 幾多
Wu Shanghai 多少, 幾化, 幾多化 dated
Shanghai (Qingpu) 幾好
Shanghai (Jiading) 幾漢
Shanghai (Chongming) 多話
Suzhou 幾化
Wuxi 幾化
Ningbo 多少
Wenzhou 幾倈兒, 幾倈
Lishui 幾粒
Qingyuan 多
Xiang Changsha 好多
Xiangtan 幾, 幾多
Shuangfeng 好多, 幾多
Dialectal synonyms of 多 (“how (to what degree)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 多
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 多
Malaysia 多
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 多, 多麼
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 多
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 多
Xi'an 多
Xining 多
Xuzhou 多
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 多
Lanzhou 多
Ürümqi 多
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 好
Wuhan 幾, 幾樣, 好
Guiyang 好
Liuzhou 幾
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 多
Yangzhou 多
Cantonese Guangzhou 幾
Hong Kong 幾
Dongguan 幾
Gan Nanchang 幾
Lichuan 幾
Pingxiang 幾
Hakka Meixian 幾
Yudu 幾
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 幾
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 幾
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 幾
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 幾
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 幾
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 幾
Huizhou Jixi 多少
Jin Taiyuan 多來
Xinzhou 多麼, 多啦
Northern Min Jian'ou 幾多
Eastern Min Fuzhou 若夥
Southern Min Xiamen 偌
Quanzhou 偌
Zhangzhou 偌
Penang (Hokkien) 偌
Singapore (Hokkien) 偌
Jieyang 若
Singapore (Teochew) 若
Leizhou 偌
Haikou 偌
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 幾
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 幾
Wu Shanghai 多少, 幾化
Shanghai (Chongming) 多下
Suzhou 幾化
Danyang 多
Hangzhou 多少
Wenzhou 幾倈
Jinhua 幾很
Xiang Changsha 好
Loudi 好
Dialectal synonyms of 多麼 (“how; what; so; such”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 何等, 何其, 一何, 何哉, 何等也, 何則
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 多麼, 何等, 何其
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 多麼, 多
Taiwan 多麼, 多
Malaysia 多
Singapore 多麼, 多
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 多麼, 多
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 多
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 好, 多
Wuhan 幾, 幾樣, 好
Guilin 好
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 多
Hefei 好
Cantonese Guangzhou 幾, 幾咁
Hong Kong 幾, 幾咁
Yangjiang 幾
Gan Nanchang 幾
Hakka Meixian 幾
Jin Taiyuan 多麼, 多來
Northern Min Jian'ou 幾多
Eastern Min Fuzhou 若夥, 若
Southern Min Xiamen 偌, 偌爾仔, 活, 活欲
Quanzhou 偌, 活, 活欲
Zhangzhou 偌, 偌爾仔, 偌仔爾, 活, 活欲
Taipei 偌爾, 偌仔爾
Kaohsiung 偌爾, 偌仔爾
Penang (Hokkien) 偌
Singapore (Hokkien) 偌
Manila (Hokkien) 偌
Chaozhou 若
Singapore (Teochew) 若
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 幾
Wu Shanghai 多少, 幾化
Suzhou 幾化
Wenzhou 幾倈, 幾恁
Xiang Changsha 幾, 幾多, 好
Shuangfeng 幾, 好
Compounds
[edit]
Descendants
[edit]
  • → Thai: กี่ (gìi, “how many; how much”)
  • → Northern Thai: ᨠᩦ᩵
  • → Khün: ᨠᩦ᩵
  • → Lü: ᦂᦲᧈ (k̇ii¹)

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
Rime
Character 幾
Reading # 2/4
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 微 (20)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居依切
Baxter kj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨj/
Li
Rong 		/kiəi/
Wang
Li 		/kĭəi/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ke̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gei1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 幾
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjɨj ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kəj/
English small; almost

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 幾
Reading # 1/4
No. 5795
Phonetic
component 		幾
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		機
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯl/

Definitions

[edit]

幾

  1. (obsolete) fine; slight; minute
  2. (obsolete) dangerous
  3. (obsolete) Alternative form of 機 / 机 (jī, “governmental affairs”)
  4. (obsolete) symptom of a trend; omen
  5. almost; nearly
Compounds
[edit]

Pronunciation 3

[edit]
Rime
Character 幾
Reading # 1/4
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 微 (20)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠希切
Baxter gj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡɨi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡɨi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/gɨj/
Li
Rong 		/ɡiəi/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭəi/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ge̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		kei4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 幾
Reading # 3/4
No. 5804
Phonetic
component 		幾
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		祈
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡɯl/

Definitions

[edit]

幾

  1. (obsolete) to be near; to reach; to attain; to achieve
Compounds
[edit]

Pronunciation 4

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

幾

  1. (obsolete) Alternative form of 冀 (jì, “to hope; to look forward to”)
  2. (obsolete) Alternative form of 紀 / 纪 (“age; year”)

Further reading

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
幾

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. how many (いく)[1]
  2. almost, nearly (ほとんど)
  3. omen (きざし)
  4. please (こいねがう)

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *eku.

Noun

[edit]

幾(いく) • (iku) 

  1. some, several

Prefix

[edit]

幾(いく) • (iku-) 

  1. how many, how much
    幾(いく)箱(はこ)要(い)りますか。
    Iku-hako irimasu ka.
    How many boxes do you want?
  2. some, several, having an indefinite number or quantity
    幾(いく)千(せん)と云(い)う人(ひと)
    iku-sen to iu hito
    several thousand people
  3. some, many, having a considerable number
    幾(いく)日(にち)も行(い)っていた。
    Iku-nichi mo itte ita.
    I was gone for many days.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ “幾”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

幾 (eumhun 기미 기 (gimi gi))

  1. hanja form? of 기 (“how many, how much”)
  2. hanja form? of 기 (“a few, some”)

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

幾: Hán Nôm readings: cơ, kỉ, ki

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=幾&oldid=83085085"
pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy