桶

桶 U+6876, 桶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6876 ← 桵 [U+6875] CJK Unified Ideographs 桷 → [U+6877]

Translingual

Han character

桶 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 木弓戈月 (DNIB), four-corner 4792₇, composition ⿰木甬)

Derived characters

• 𮅸

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 527, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14811
• Dae Jaweon: page 916, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1222, character 6
• Unihan data for U+6876

Chinese

simp. and trad.		桶

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
通	*l̥ʰoːŋ
俑	*l̥ʰoːŋ, *loŋʔ
蓪	*l̥ʰoːŋ
桶	*l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ
捅	*l̥ʰoːŋʔ
痛	*l̥ʰoːŋs
筩	*l'oːŋ
誦	*ljoŋs
傭	*l̥ʰoŋ, *loŋ
慵	*ɦljoŋ
鱅	*ɦljoŋ, *loŋ
滽	*loŋ
墉	*loŋ
鏞	*loŋ
鄘	*loŋ
槦	*loŋ
銿	*loŋ
甬	*loŋʔ
勇	*loŋʔ
涌	*loŋʔ
踊	*loŋʔ
蛹	*loŋʔ
恿	*loŋʔ
慂	*loŋʔ
悀	*loŋʔ
埇	*loŋʔ
踴	*loŋʔ
庸	*loŋ
用	*loŋs
佣	*loŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ).

Etymology

Compare Khmer ថាំង (thang), Thai ถัง (tǎng).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tǒng (tong³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tung²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thúng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): tung³

• Northern Min (KCR): tǒ̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): tūng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tháng / thóng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tang²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶don

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tǒng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tǒng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻung³
    • Yale: tǔng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: toong
    • Palladius: тун (tun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tung²
    • Yale: túng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thúng
    • Hakka Romanization System: tung^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tung³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: tung³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰʊŋ³¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tǒ̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tūng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰuŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tháng
    • Tâi-lô: tháng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tarng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰaŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰaŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰaŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Singapore): /tʰaŋ⁴²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thóng
    • Tâi-lô: thóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: torng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁵³/

Note:

• tháng - vernacular;
• thóng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: tang²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tháng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaŋ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶don
    • MiniDict: don^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³don
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /doŋ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: thuwngX, duwngX

Rime
Character	桶	桶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	他孔切	徒揔切
Baxter	thuwngX	duwngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰuŋX/	/duŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰuŋX/	/duŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰuŋX/	/duŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰəwŋX/	/dəwŋX/
Li Rong	/tʰuŋX/	/duŋX/
Wang Li	/tʰuŋX/	/duŋX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰuŋX/	/dʱuŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tǒng	dòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tung2	dung6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤoŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoːŋʔ/, /*l'oːŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	桶
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tǒng
Middle Chinese	‹ thuwngX ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥ˁoŋʔ/
English	bucket
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	桶	桶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15431	15435
Phonetic component	用	用
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	侗	動
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰoːŋʔ/	/*l'oːŋʔ/

Definitions

桶

1. pail; bucket; tub
2. cask; keg
3. barrel (unit)
4. (Philippine Hokkien) million

   一桶 [Philippine Hokkien]  ―  chi̍t-tháng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  one million

Synonyms

• (bucket): (Hokkien) 桶仔, 桶奇
• (million): 百萬／百万 (bǎiwàn); (Dungan) миллион (million); (Hokkien) 面桶

See also

Chinese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	102	103	104	106	108	1012
Normal (小寫 / 小写)	〇, 零, 空	一, 蜀	二, 兩 / 两	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億 / 亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial (大寫 / 大写)	零	壹	貳 / 贰	參 / 叁	肆	伍	陸 / 陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟

Compounds

• 乏桶
• 便桶 (biàntǒng)
• 傳桶 / 传桶
• 冤桶
• 冰桶
• 可桶兒的 / 可桶儿的
• 吊桶 (diàotǒng)
• 噴桶 / 喷桶
• 圊桶
• 垃圾桶 (lājītǒng)
• 太平水桶
• 子孫桶 / 子孙桶
• 弔桶 / 吊桶
• 弔桶底 / 吊桶底
• 恭桶
• 扮桶
• 抽水馬桶 / 抽水马桶 (chōushuǐ mǎtǒng)
• 摸米桶
• 撲桶 / 扑桶
• 斗桶
• 料桶
• 桶勾子
• 桶匠
• 桶子 (tǒngzi)
• 桶子帽
• 桶子花
• 桶底脫 / 桶底脱
• 梢桶
• 桶盤 / 桶盘 (tǒngpán)
• 桶裙
• 榪桶 / 杩桶
• 水桶 (shuǐtǒng)
• 沒梁桶
• 油桶
• 泔水桶
• 浴桶
• 淨桶 / 净桶
• 漆桶底脫 / 漆桶底脱
• 火桶
• 無梁桶
• 痰桶 (tántǒng)
• 皮桶兒 / 皮桶儿
• 皮桶子
• 直桶桶
• 直籠桶 / 直笼桶
• 禾桶
• 窬桶
• 窯桶子 / 窑桶子
• 筆桶 / 笔桶
• 筲桶
• 箍桶
• 糊突桶
• 襪桶 / 袜桶
• 觸桶 / 触桶
• 酒桶 (jiǔtǒng)
• 酸桶
• 金漆飯桶 / 金漆饭桶
• 金漆馬桶 / 金漆马桶
• 鉛桶 / 铅桶
• 鐵桶 / 铁桶 (tiětǒng)
• 鐵桶江山 / 铁桶江山
• 面桶
• 靴桶
• 鞭桶
• 飯桶 / 饭桶 (fàntǒng)
• 餘桶 / 余桶
• 香桶兒 / 香桶儿
• 馬子桶 / 马子桶
• 馬桶 / 马桶 (mǎtǒng)
• 馬桶刷 / 马桶刷 (mǎtǒngshuā)
• 馬桶蓋 / 马桶盖 (mǎtǒnggài)
• 鹵桶 / 卤桶
• 麵糊桶 / 面糊桶

Japanese

Kanji

桶

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. a tub, a bucket

Readings

• Go-on: つう (tsū)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kun: おけ (oke, 桶)^{←をけ (woke, をけ, historical)}、こが (koga)
• Nanori: おけ (oke)、あきら (akira)、おけざき (okezaki)、とうず (tōzu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
桶
おけ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
麻笥 (uncommon)

桶 (oke): A small oke holding a cat.

桶 (oke): A workman building a large oke.

From Old Japanese. First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759.

Originally a compound of 麻 (o, “flax, ramie”) +‎ 笥 (ke, “a container, especially for foodstuffs or tableware”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) おけ [óꜜkè] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [o̞ke̞]

Noun

桶(おけ) • (oke) ^{←をけ (woke)?}

1. [from 759] a tube-shaped container for holding split flax or hemp, usually made of thin cypress wood bent to shape
2. [from early 800s] by extension, a pail, bucket, tub, or basin similar to a barrel in construction, made of long thin pieces of cedar or cypress extending up from a base and held in place with hoops; may be small enough to carry in one hand, or large enough to bathe in
3. [from 1513] (Noh theater) a stool on stage, on which an actor sits

Synonyms

• (bucket): バケツ (baketsu)
• (stool): 床(しょう)几(ぎ) (shōgi), 鬘桶(かつらおけ) (katsura oke)

Idioms

• 桶な物打ち明ける (おけなものうちあける, ​oke na mono uchiakeru), 桶の物打ち明ける (おけのものうちあける, ​oke no mono uchiakeru): "open up what's in your bucket" → to come clean to someone, with no hard feelings and no subterfuge
• 桶が腐れば菜が腐る (おけがくさればながくさる, ​oke ga kusareba na ga kusaru): "if the bucket rots, the greens rot" → if the surrounding is bad, it affects the inside

Derived terms

• 桶(おけ)越(ご)し (okegoshi): using an oke to cross a river
• 桶(おけ)屋(や) (okeya): a person or store that makes, fixes, and/or sells oke and well walls
• 桶(おけ)火(び) (okebi): the fire in a hioke
• 火(ひ)桶(おけ) (hioke): a type of wooden hibachi
• 桶(おけ)狭(はざ)間(ま) (Okehazama): a place in the south of Midori-ku, Nagoya
• 桶(おけ)狭(はざ)間(ま)焼(や)き (Okehazama-yaki): a style of pottery originating near Okehazama
• 桶(おけ)結(ゆ)い (okeyui): tying cord bands around an oke; an oke maker, an okeya
• 桶(おけ)絞(しぼ)り (okeshibori): a cloth dying process whereby the sections to leave undyed are put into oke and closed in with lids
• 桶(おけ)酸(す)い (okesui): alternate name for 酢(す)の木(き), 酢木(すのき) (sunoki): Vaccinium smallii, var. glabrum, a bush with edible (though sour) berries
• 桶(おけ)取(と)り (oketori): a scene in a kyōgen farce presented between Noh plays; a woman working as a water carrier
• 桶(おけ)尻(じり) (okejiri): the aft edge of the hull of a ship in traditional Japanese shipbuilding
• 桶(おけ)据(す)え (okesue): the hipbone
• 桶(おけ)川(がわ) (Okegawa): a river in southeast Saitama Prefecture
• 桶(おけ)側(がわ) (okegawa): the sides of an oke, the staves; a bowl-shaped container for holding trawling lines on a fishing boat
• 桶(おけ)側(がわ)胴(どう) (okegawa dō): a type of breastplate made of steel strips bound together, somewhat similar to how okegawa are bound together to make an oke
• 桶(おけ)大(だい)工(く) (okedaiku): a cooper, a woodworker who specializes in making barrels, oke, and well walls
• 桶(おけ)胴(どう) (oke dō): alternate name for 桶(おけ)側(がわ)胴(どう) (okegawa dō); a type of taiko drum
• 桶(おけ)風(ぶ)呂(ろ) (okeburo): an oke fitted with a firebox for heating bathwater: a traditional Japanese wooden ofuro hottub
• 桶(おけ)伏(ぶ)せ (okebuse): wearing an oke on one's head: a mob punishment in the pleasure districts of early Edo-period Japan, where non-paying customers would be forced to wear an oke on their heads, were sat down on the side of the street, and forced to pay up

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
桶
こが Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
榼 (rare)

Unknown. First cited to a work from the late 1100s.

May be obsolete; not listed in some dictionaries.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ko̞ɡa̠]

Noun

桶(こが) • (koga) 

1. [late 1100s–???] (archaic, possibly obsolete) an oke (tub, bucket, basin) or taru (樽, “barrel”)

Korean

Hanja

桶 • (tong, yong) (hangeul 통, 용, revised tong, yong, McCune–Reischauer t'ong, yong, Yale thong, yong)

1. (통 통, tong-): barrel, bucket, can, cask, pail, tub, vat, compare ton, Dut. ton ("vat")

Vietnamese

Han character

桶: Hán Nôm readings: thùng

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