關係

See also: 関係, 關系, and 关系

Chinese

		to close; to shut; to turn off to close; to shut; to turn off; to concern; to involve; mountain pass	be; connection; relation be; connection; relation; tie up; bind
trad. (關係/關系)		關	係/系
simp. (关系)		关	系

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): guānxì, guānxī

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢ ㄒㄧˋ, ㄍㄨㄢ ㄒㄧ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гуанщи (guanxi, I-II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaan¹ hai⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kôan-he / kôan-hen

  (Meixian, Guangdong): guan¹ hi⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): guăng-hiê
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): koan-hē

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guêng¹ hi⁶ / guang¹ hi⁶

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹kue-shi₅; ¹kue-yi₆

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guānxì → guānxi (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢ ㄒㄧˋ → ㄍㄨㄢ ˙ㄒㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guansi̊
    • Wade–Giles: kuan¹-hsi⁵
    • Yale: gwān-syi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guan.shih
    • Palladius: гуаньси (guanʹsi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/ → /ku̯än⁵⁵ ɕi²/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, common variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guānxī
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢ ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guansi
    • Wade–Giles: kuan¹-hsi¹
    • Yale: gwān-syī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guanshi
    • Palladius: гуаньси (guanʹsi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гуанщи (guanxi, I-II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuæ̃²⁴ ɕi⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwaan¹ hai⁶
    • Yale: gwāan haih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwaan¹ hai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: guan¹ hei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷaːn⁵⁵ hɐi̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôan-he / kôan-hen
    • Hakka Romanization System: guan^ˊ he / guan^ˊ hen
    • Hagfa Pinyim: guan¹ he⁴ / guan¹ hen⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ he⁵⁵/, /ku̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ hen⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: guan¹ hi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kuan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ hi⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: guăng-hiê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(h-)ŋiɛ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koan-hē
    • Tâi-lô: kuan-hē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koanhe
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kuan⁴⁴⁻²² he²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan³³ he⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan⁴⁴⁻²² he²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ he³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ he³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: guêng¹ hi⁶ / guang¹ hi⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kueng hĭ / kuang hĭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kueŋ³³⁻²³ hi³⁵/, /kuaŋ³³⁻²³ hi³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹kue-shi₅; ¹kue-yi₆
    • MiniDict: kue^平 shi^去; kue^平 yi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kue-xi₂; ¹kue-hhi₃
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kue⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/, /kue⁵⁵ ɦi²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kue⁴⁴ ɕi/, /kue⁴⁴ ɦi/

Noun

關係

1. (countable, uncountable) relation; relationship; connection; tie (Classifier: 個／个; 段)

   確定關係／确定关系  ―  quèdìng guānxì  ―  to establish a relationship

   密切關係／密切关系  ―  mìqiè guānxì  ―  close relationship

   人際關係／人际关系  ―  rénjì guānxì  ―  interpersonal relationships

   雙邊關係／双边关系  ―  shuāngbiān guānxì  ―  bilateral relations

   勞動關係／劳动关系  ―  láodòng guānxì  ―  labor relations

   親子關係／亲子关系  ―  qīnzǐ guānxì  ―  parent-child relationship

   夫妻關係／夫妻关系  ―  fūqī guānxì  ―  marriage

   世俗和宗教之間的關係 [MSC, trad.]
   世俗和宗教之间的关系 [MSC, simp.]

   shìsú hé zōngjiào zhījiān de guānxì [Pinyin]

   the relationship between the secular and the sacred

   別跟他扯上關係。 [MSC, trad.]
   别跟他扯上关系。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bié gēn tā chě shàng guānxì. [Pinyin]

   Don't get involved with him.

   他在寫給家裡斷絕關係的信。 [MSC, trad.]
   他在写给家里断绝关系的信。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā zài xiě gěi jiālǐ duànjué guānxì de xìn. [Pinyin]

   He is writing a letter to sever relations with his family.

2. (uncountable) connections (people with whom one is acquainted who can offer help and influence); guanxi (specifically in Chinese culture, a combination of business and personal relationships whereby parties enhance their ability to do business by building a bond with personal favors)

   靠關係找工作／靠关系找工作  ―  kào guānxì zhǎo gōngzuò  ―  to use one's connections to find a job

3. (countable, uncountable) cause; reason (for something happening) (Classifier: 個／个 m)
4. (countable, uncountable) influence; effect; impact (Classifier: 個／个 m)
5. (uncountable, euphemistic) sexual relations

   發生關係／发生关系  ―  fāshēng guānxì  ―  to have sexual relations

6. (countable, databases) relation

Synonyms

• (relation):

edit

• 交插 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 干涉 (gānshè) (literary)
• 干過 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
• 底代 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 淵源 / 渊源 (yuānyuán)
• 相互聯繫 / 相互联系 (xiānghù liánxì)
• 芥蒂 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 連牽 / 连牵 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)

 

• (connections):

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• 人脈 / 人脉 (rénmài)
• 資源 / 资源 (zīyuán) (euphemistic)
• 路子 (lùzi)
• 路數 / 路数 (lùshù)
• 門道 / 门道 (méndao)

 

• (cause):

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• 來由 / 来由 (láiyóu)
• 原因 (yuányīn)
• 因由 (yīnyóu)
• 因端 (Hokkien)
• 因致端 (Hokkien)
• 基因 (jīyīn) (dated)
• 張本 / 张本 (zhāngběn) (literary)
• 成因 (chéngyīn)
• 所以然 (suǒyǐrán)
• 根由 (gēnyóu)
• 理由 (lǐyóu)
• 緣故 / 缘故 (yuángù)
• 緣由 / 缘由 (yuányóu)
• 緣起 / 缘起 (yuánqǐ)
• 肇因 (zhàoyīn)
• 言因 (Anxi Hokkien)
• 說道 / 说道 (shuōdao) (colloquial)
• 起因 (qǐyīn)
• 道理 (dàolǐ)

 

• (influence): 影響／影响 (yǐngxiǎng), 作用 (zuòyòng)
• (sexual relations):

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• 兩性關係 / 两性关系 (liǎngxìng guānxì) (between men and women)
• 性愛 / 性爱 (xìng'ài)
• 性關係 / 性关系 (xìngguānxi)

 

Derived terms

• 二元關係 / 二元关系
• 人事關係 / 人事关系 (rénshì guānxì)
• 人際關係 / 人际关系 (rénjìguānxì)
• 供求關係 / 供求关系 (gōngqiú guānxì)
• 傳承關係 / 传承关系 (chuánchéng guānxì)
• 兩性關係 / 两性关系 (liǎngxìng guānxì)
• 公共關係 / 公共关系
• 冇關係 / 冇关系
• 利害關係人 / 利害关系人 (lìhài guānxì rén)
• 勞資關係 / 劳资关系 (láozī guānxi)
• 嘸沒關係 / 呒没关系
• 國際關係 / 国际关系 (guójì guānxì)
• 外交關係 / 外交关系 (wàijiāo guānxì)
• 性關係 / 性关系 (xìngguānxi)
• 拉關係 / 拉关系
• 有關係 / 有关系 (yǒu guānxi)
• 沒關係 / 没关系
• 無關係 / 无关系
• 生產關係 / 生产关系 (shēngchǎn guānxì)
• 男女關係 / 男女关系 (nánnǚ guānxì)
• 處關係 / 处关系
• 裙帶關係 / 裙带关系 (qúndài guānxì)
• 親屬關係 / 亲属关系 (qīnshǔ guānxi)
• 開放式關係 / 开放式关系 (kāifàngshì guānxi)
• 關係主義 / 关系主义
• 關係代名詞 / 关系代名词 (guānxì dàimíngcí)
• 關係代數 / 关系代数
• 關係學 / 关系学
• 關係形容詞 / 关系形容词
• 關係性量子力學 / 关系性量子力学
• 關係戶 / 关系户
• 關係網 / 关系网
• 關係鏈 / 关系链 (guānxìliàn)

 

Verb

關係

1. to involve; to relate (to); to concern

   關係到人類的生死存亡 [MSC, trad.]
   关系到人类的生死存亡 [MSC, simp.]

   guānxì dào rénlèi de shēngsǐcúnwáng [Pinyin]

   to concern the survival of the human race

Synonyms

edit

• 事關 / 事关 (shìguān)
• 攀 (pān)
• 涉及 (shèjí)
• 牽扯 / 牵扯 (qiānchě)
• 牽涉 / 牵涉 (qiānshè)
• 連帶 / 连带 (liándài)
• 關乎 / 关乎 (guānhū)
• 關涉 / 关涉 (guānshè) (literary)
• 關聯 / 关联 (guānlián)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (關係):

• → Japanese: 関係(かんけい) (kankei)
• → Korean: 관계(關係) (gwan'gye)
• → Vietnamese: quan hệ (關係)

Others:

• → English: guanxi

Japanese

Kanji in this term
關	係
かん Hyōgai	けい Grade: 3
kan'on

For pronunciation and definitions of 關係 – see the following entry.

【関係かんけい】 [noun] relationship, relation [noun] involvement, participation [noun] personal connection, family relationship [noun] romantic relationship [verb] be related [verb] be romantically involved

(This term, 關係, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
關	係

Noun

關係 • (gwan'gye) (hangeul 관계)

1. hanja form^? of 관계 (“relationship”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
關	係

Noun

關係

1. chữ Hán form of quan hệ (“relationship”).