哪
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Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]哪 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 口尸手中 (RSQL), four-corner 67027, composition ⿰口那)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 190, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3651
- Dae Jaweon: page 410, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 623, character 7
- Unihan data for U+54EA
Chinese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
哪 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 那 乃 Taishanese (colloquial) | |
Written as 那 before the 20th century.
It is generally considered to be the fusion of 奈何 (OC *naːls ɡaːl, “how”) (Wang, 1990; Sun, 1992; Shimura, 1995), usually citing Gu Yanwu's (顧炎武) commentary on Zuozhuan. Lü (1985) distinguishes between “which” (choosing among several choices), which he derives from 若 (OC *njaɡ), and “how” (asking for something), which he considers to be a fusion of 若何 (OC *njaɡ ɡaːl, “how”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): nā
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5na
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nǎ
- Wade–Giles: na3
- Yale: nǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: naa
- Palladius: на (na)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nä²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (哪兒 / 哪儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nǎr
- Wade–Giles: na3-ʼrh
- Yale: nǎr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: naal
- Palladius: нар (nar)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɑɻ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄟˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: něi
- Wade–Giles: nei3
- Yale: něi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neei
- Palladius: нэй (nɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /neɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄞˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nǎi
- Wade–Giles: nai3
- Yale: nǎi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nae
- Palladius: най (naj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /naɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note:
- nǎr - “where; wherever; everywhere”;
- něi, nǎi - contraction of 哪一 (determiner).
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: naa5
- Yale: náh
- Cantonese Pinyin: naa5
- Guangdong Romanization: na5
- Sinological IPA (key): /naː¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: nai4 / nai4*
- Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿdai²¹/, /ⁿdai²¹⁻²¹⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- nai4 - determiner;
- nai4* - “where; wherever; everywhere”.
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nai
- Hakka Romanization System: nai
- Hagfa Pinyim: nai4
- Sinological IPA: /nai̯⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nai / nái
- Hakka Romanization System: nai / naiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: nai4 / nai3
- Sinological IPA: /nai̯⁵⁵/, /nai̯³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
Note:
- nai - determiner;
- nái - “where”.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nā
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡa³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- ná - vernacular;
- nó͘ - literary.
Definitions
[edit]哪
- which; what
- any
- Indefinite determiner.
- where
- 2023, 余淇煥 [Anabela Iu] (lyrics and music), “如日無光”:
- 神祢在哪？ [Literary Cantonese] ― san4 nei5 zoi6 naa5? [Jyutping] ― Where are You, God?
- wherever; anywhere; everywhere
- 我哪都不想去，只想日夜在祢殿中，獻上敬拜，全心全意來愛祢。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2015, lyrics by 鄭懋柔 [Tiffany M. Cheng], 能不能 [Let Me Stay]
- Wǒ nǎ dōu bùxiǎng qù, zhǐ xiǎng rìyè zài Nǐ diàn zhōng, xiànshàng jìngbài, quánxīnquányì lái ài Nǐ. [Pinyin]
- (official translation) There is no other place I would rather be than here, Lord. With all my heart, with all I am, I worship.
(literal translation) I don't want to go anywhere, but I just want to be in Your house day and night, offering worship, loving You wholeheartedly.
我哪都不想去，只想日夜在祢殿中，献上敬拜，全心全意来爱祢。 [MSC, simp.]
- (rhetorical question) how (used in rhetorical questions)
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 哪 (“which”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 何, 孰 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 哪 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 哪 |
| Taiwan | 哪 | |
| Malaysia | 哪 | |
| Singapore | 哪 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 邊 |
| Hong Kong | 邊 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 選 | |
| Taishan | 哪 | |
| Yangjiang | 邊 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 邊 | |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 哪 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 哪 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 哪 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 哪 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 哪 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 哪 | |
| Hong Kong | 哪 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 底 |
| Fuqing | 底 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 佗 |
| Quanzhou | 佗 | |
| Zhangzhou | 佗 | |
| Taipei | 佗 | |
| Kaohsiung | 佗 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 佗 | |
| Chaozhou | 底 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 底 | |
| Haikou | 底 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 底 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 阿裡, 賴裡 |
| Wenzhou | 若, 狃 | |
Compounds
[edit]See also
[edit]- 那 (nà)
Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
哪 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 吶／呐 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ˙ㄋㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nå
- Wade–Giles: na5
- Yale: na
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .na
- Palladius: на (na)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nä/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ˙ㄋㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ne̊i
- Wade–Giles: nei5
- Yale: nei
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .nei
- Palladius: нэй (nɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /neɪ̯/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: naa3 / naa1
- Yale: na / nā
- Cantonese Pinyin: naa3 / naa1
- Guangdong Romanization: na3 / na1
- Sinological IPA (key): /naː³³/, /naː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: na7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nā
- Sinological IPA (key): /na¹¹/
- (Teochew)
Definitions
[edit]哪
- Sentence-final particle, equivalent to 啊 (a).
Usage notes
[edit]Only used after words ending in -n.
Compounds
[edit]- 嗯哪 (n̄na)
Etymology 3
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
哪 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nà
- Eastern Min (BUC): nò̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6no
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: né
- Wade–Giles: nê2
- Yale: né
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ne
- Palladius: нэ (nɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nuó
- Wade–Giles: no2
- Yale: nwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nuo
- Palladius: но (no)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: naa4 / no4
- Yale: nàh / nòh
- Cantonese Pinyin: naa4 / no4
- Guangdong Romanization: na4 / no4
- Sinological IPA (key): /naː²¹/, /nɔː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: na3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿda²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nà
- Hakka Romanization System: naˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: na2
- Sinological IPA: /na¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nò̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡo⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Definitions
[edit]哪
- Only used in 哪吒 (Nézhā).
Etymology 4
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
哪 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nà
- Wade–Giles: na4
- Yale: nà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nah
- Palladius: на (na)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]哪
- Used to indicate something that should be noticed.
Etymology 5
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
哪 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: niè
- Wade–Giles: nieh4
- Yale: nyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nieh
- Palladius: не (ne)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]哪
- Used in personal names.
Etymology 6
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
哪 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nuó
- Wade–Giles: no2
- Yale: nwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nuo
- Palladius: но (no)
- Sinological IPA (key): /nu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]哪
- Only used in 哪哪.
Etymology 7
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
哪 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ná / nah
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ná
- Tâi-lô: ná
- Phofsit Daibuun: nar
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /nã⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nah
- Tâi-lô: nah
- Phofsit Daibuun: naq
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /nãʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
Definitions
[edit]- what
- interjection used to express surprise
- then why; how
- 哪敢有？ [Hokkien] ― Ná kám ū? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― How could there be?
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]哪
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]哪 • (na) (hangeul 나, McCune–Reischauer na)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]哪: Hán Nôm readings: ná, nư, na, nạ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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