Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-þrą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *-dlą (l-variant Verner alternant; also from PIE *-dʰlom)
• *-drą (Verner alternant; also from PIE *-dʰrom)
• *-tlą (following an unvoiced consonant)
• *-þlą (l-variant)
• *-þlō f

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-trom.

Noun

*-þrą n

1. Forms nouns denoting a tool or instrument.

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *-þrą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*-þrą	*-þrō
vocative	*-þrą	*-þrō
accusative	*-þrą	*-þrō
genitive	*-þras, *-þris	*-þrǫ̂
dative	*-þrai	*-þramaz
instrumental	*-þrō	*-þramiz

Derived terms

Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-þrą

Related terms

• *-istrą (possibly)

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *-þr
  • Old English: -þor
  • Old Frisian: -ther
  • Old Saxon: *thar
    • Middle Low German: -der
  • Old Dutch: *-thar, *-dar, *-der
    • Middle Dutch: -der
  • Old High German: -dar
    • Middle High German: -der
• Old Norse: -ðr
  • Icelandic: -ður
  • Old Swedish: -þer
    • Swedish: -der
• Gothic: -𐌸𐍂 (-þr)