Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fuglaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly a dissimilated variant of *fluglaz, from *fleuganą (“to fly”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸuɣ.lɑz/

Noun

*fuglaz m

1. bird

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *fuglaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*fuglaz	*fuglōz, *fuglōs
vocative	*fugl	*fuglōz, *fuglōs
accusative	*fuglą	*fuglanz
genitive	*fuglas, *fuglis	*fuglǫ̂
dative	*fuglai	*fuglamaz
instrumental	*fuglō	*fuglamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fugl
  • Old English: fugol, fugel, fugul, *flugol — attested as fluglas (pl)
    • Middle English: fowel, fowele, foul, foghel, fuȝel, foȝel, foughel, fouel, fowl
      • English: fowl
      • Scots: foul, fule
      • Yola: fowlès (plural)
  • Old Frisian: fugel
    • North Frisian:
      • Föhr-Amrum: fögel
      • Hallig: fugel
      • Goesharde and Mooring: föögel
    • Saterland Frisian: Fúgel, Fuugel
    • West Frisian: fûgel
  • Old Saxon: fugal
    • Middle Low German: vōgel
      • German Low German: Vogel, Vögel
      • Low German: Vagel, Vögel
      • Plautdietsch: Voagel
  • Old Dutch: fogal, vogal
    • Middle Dutch: vōgel
      • Dutch: vogel, veugel (obsolete), fogel
        • Afrikaans: voël
          • → English: voël
        • Jersey Dutch: fœüxel
        • Negerhollands: vogel
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: fogul
        • →? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool
          • → Saramaccan: fóu
      • Limburgish: vogel, voeagel
      • West Flemish: veugel
      • Zealandic: veugel
  • Old High German: fogal, fugal
    • Middle High German: vogel
      • Alemannic German: Fogel, Vogel
      • Central Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel (Colognian Academy spelling), Vuul (scattered variant in Moselle Franconian)

        Hunsrik: Foghel

        Kölsch: Furrel

      • Cimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl
      • German: Vogel
      • Luxembourgish: Vugel, Vull
      • Rhine Franconian:

        Pennsylvania German: Voggel

      • Vilamovian: föguł
      • Yiddish: פֿויגל (foygl)
• Old Norse: fogl, fugl
  • Icelandic: fugl
  • Faroese: fuglur
  • Norn: fugl, ful
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: fugl; (dialectal) fogl, føgl, faugl
  • Jamtish: fugł
  • Elfdalian: fugel
  • Old Swedish: fughl, foghl, ᚠᚢᚵᚼᛚ
    • Swedish: fågel, fogel
      • → Finnish: fogeli (Helsinki)
  • Old Danish: fughl
    • Danish: fugl
      • Norwegian Bokmål: fugl
    • Scanian: fuğl
  • Gutnish: fäugel
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍃 (fugls)