afal

Welsh

Etymology

PIE word
*h₂ébōl

From Middle Welsh aual, from Proto-Brythonic *aβal, from Proto-Celtic *abūl, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl. Cognate with Breton aval, Cornish aval, Irish úll, Manx ooyl, Scottish Gaelic ubhal and English apple (as well as Avalon).

Afal coch

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈaval/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈa(ː)val/
• Rhymes: -aval

Noun

afal m (plural afalau)

1. apple

Derived terms

• afal bach sur, afal sur (bach), corafal (“crabapple”)
• afal breuant, afal y gwddf, afal Adda (“Adam's apple”)
• afal caill yr esgob (“codling apple”)
• afal cwins (“quince”)
• afal digoni, afal pobi (“cooking apple”)
• afal drain (“hawthorn berry”)
• afal dreiniog (“thorn-apple”)
• afal gwlanog, afal peatus, afal paradwys (“peach”)
• afal pinwydd (“pinecone”)
• afal tinagored, afal tindoll (“medlar”)
• afal (y) bwci (“rose hip”)
• afal (y) derw (“oak apple”)
• afal y ddaear (“birthwort, sowbread”)
• afal y gar (“kneecap”)
• afal y glyn (“the hollow of the thigh”)
• afal y grudd (“the ball of the cheek”)
• afal (y) llygad (“eyeball”)
• afalaidd (“appley”)
• afaleua (“to gather apples”)
• (rare) asid afalau (“malic acid”)
• grawnafal, afal garnad, afal gronog, afal gronynnog (“pomegranate”)
• (obsolete) afal cariad (“tomato, love apple”)
• (obsolete) afal euraid, afal oraets (“orange”)
• (obsolete) afal melyn, afal melynhir (“lemon”)
• pinafal, afal pin (“pineapple”)

 

Related terms

• afallen, coed afalau (“apple tree”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
afal	unchanged	unchanged	hafal
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “afal”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies