ako

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ako"

Akan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ako/

Noun

ako

1. parrot

Aklanon

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

ako

1. I

Alangan

Pronoun

akó

1. I; me

Asi

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ʔakúʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

akó

1. I (first-person singular pronoun)

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

From Proto-Philippine *ʔakúʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: a‧ko
• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈko/ [ʔaˈko]

Pronoun

akó (Basahan spelling ᜀᜃᜓ)

1. I; me (first-person singular pronoun)

See also

Bikol Central personal pronouns

Person	Number	Absolute (ang)		Ergative (sa)		Oblique (sa)
Length		Full	Short	Full	Short
First	singular	ako		ko		sakuya, sako, saako
	plural inclusive	kita		nyato	ta	satuya, sato, saato
	plural exclusive	kami		nyamo	mi	samuya, samo, kanamo, saamo
Second	singular	ika	ka	mo		saimo, simo,kanimo
	plural	kamo		nindo		saindo, kaninyo, sainyo
Third	singular	siya, iya		niya		saiya, kaniya
	plural	sinda		ninda		sainda, kanila

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: a‧ko
• IPA^(key): /ˈʔakoʔ/ [ˈʔa.koʔ]

Noun

akò (Basahan spelling ᜀᜃᜓ)

1. acceptance; admission

   Antonym: sayuma

Derived terms

• akuon
• mag-ako
• pag-ako

 

See also

• bawal
• ngalad
• tugot
• uyon

 

Cebuano

Alternative forms

• aco — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography
• aho — Bohol
• ko — short form

Etymology 1

From Proto-Philippine *ʔakúʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈko/ [ʔɐˈko]
• Hyphenation: a‧ko

Pronoun

akó (Badlit spelling ᜀᜃᜓ)

1. I, me

   ako lang ― I'll do it

   1. (as the subject of a verb)

      nipalit ko sa sinina ― I bought the dress

      gipaak ko og hulmigas ― I was bitten by an ant

   2. (as the subject of a nominal predicate); I am

      anak ko sa Ginoo ― I am a child of God

      ako ang nikaon ― I am the one who ate

Usage notes

• Subject (direct) pronouns are most commonly placed after the verb, or the first noun of the nominal predicate that they modify. Pronouns in this position are almost always in their short form (in this case, ko); the full form (ako) may be used to make the sentence sound more formal, or it may be placed before the verb or noun which gives the same effect.

  nikaon ko og mansanas ― I ate an apple (casual)

  nikaon ako og mansanas ― I ate an apple (formal)

  ako nikaon og mansanas ― I ate an apple (formal)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Austronesian *akən (“1sg oblique”). Cognate with Hiligaynon akon, Tagalog akin.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Cebuano) IPA^(key): /ˈʔakoʔ/ [ˈʔa.koʔ]
• (Bohol) IPA^(key): /ˈʔahoʔ/ [ˈʔa.hoʔ]
• Hyphenation: a‧ko

Pronoun

akò (Badlit spelling ᜀᜃᜓ)

1. (before the noun possessed) my; mine

   Coordinate terms: akoa, (postposed) nako

   akong balay ― my house

2. (before the verb) I; me (object of a verb)

   ako/akong gipalit ang sinina

   The dress was bought by me/I bought the dress

See also

Cebuano personal pronouns

Person	Number	Direct		Indirect (postposed)		Indirect (preposed)		Oblique
Length		Full	Short*	Full	Short**	Base	Suffixed -a	Full	Short
First	singular	akó	ko	nakò***	ko***	akò	akoa	kanakò	nakò
	plural inclusive	kitá	ta	natò	ta	atò	atoa	kanatò	natò
	plural exclusive	kamí	mi	namò		amò	amoa	kanamò	namò
Second	singular	ikáw	ka	nimo	mo	imo	imoha	kanimo	nimo
	plural	kamó	mo	ninyo		inyo	inyoha	kaninyo	ninyo
Third	singular	siyá		niya		iya	iyaha	kaniya	niya
	plural	silá		nila		ila	ilaha	kanila	nila
*Forms under this column are placed after the verb or predicate they modify, and never used at the start of sentences **Forms under this column are literary and rarely used colloquially. ***Ta is used over nako or ko where the object is a second-person singular pronoun.

Ewe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ako/

Noun

ako (plural akowo)

1. parrot

Hanunoo

Etymology 1

From Proto-Philippine *akú (“I”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku (“I”), from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈku/ [ʔaˈko]
• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: a‧ko

Pronoun

akó (Hanunoo spelling ᜠᜣᜳ)

1. 1st person nominative pronoun: I; me

   Synonyms: (literary) kaa, (literary) ho, (literary) hom

See also

Hanunoo personal pronouns

Person	Number	Direct	Indirect	Oblique
First	singular	ako	niko	kangko, kang
	plural inclusive	kita	nita	kanta
	plural exclusive	kami	nimi	kanmi
Second	singular	kawo, ka	nimo	kanmo
	plural	kamo	niyo	kanyo
Third	singular	siya	niya	kanya
	plural	sida	nida	kanda

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔakuʔ/ [ˈʔa.koʔ]
• Rhymes: -akuʔ
• Syllabification: a‧ko

Noun

akò (Hanunoo spelling ᜠᜣᜳ)

1. betterment; improvement

Derived terms

• maakuan

 

Etymology 3

From Proto-Philippine *akuʔ (“accept responsibility”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku (“I; claim as one's own; mine”), from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔakuʔ/ [ˈʔa.koʔ]
• Rhymes: -akuʔ
• Syllabification: a‧ko

Noun

akò (Hanunoo spelling ᜠᜣᜳ)

1. promise

Derived terms

• pangako

 

Further reading

• Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 23

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *qato (compare with Maori ato), from Proto-Oceanic *qatop, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatəp (compare with Malay atap, Cebuano atop, Tagalog atip).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.ko/, [ˈɐ.ko]

Noun

ako

1. thatching

Verb

ako

1. (transitive) to thatch

Hiligaynon

Pronoun

ako

1. I

Indonesian

Etymology

From Hakka 阿哥 (â-kô, “elder brother”). Doublet of akeo and engkoh.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /akeo/
• Hyphenation: a‧keo

Noun

ako (first-person possessive akoku, second-person possessive akomu, third-person possessive akonya)

1. son

Further reading

• “ako” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Inonhan

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ʔakúʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

ako

1. I (personal pronoun)

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈakɔ/

Adverb

ako

1. like, as

   Synonym: kaž

Conjunction

ako

1. like, as

   Synonym: kaž

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “ako”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “ako”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Mansaka

Etymology

From aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

ako

1. I

Maori

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian.

Verb

ako

1. to learn

Mapudungun

Garlic

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish ajo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aˈko/

Noun

ako (Unified spelling, Raguileo spelling, Azumchefi spelling)

1. garlic

Synonyms

• asus

Maranao

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

ako

1. I

Quitemo

Noun

ako

1. water

References

• Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 162

Ratagnon

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ʔakúʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

akó

1. I (first-person singular pronoun)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako (“how, in which way”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /âko/
• Hyphenation: a‧ko

Conjunction

ȁko (Cyrillic spelling а̏ко)

1. if

   ako ovo je kraj ― if this is the end

Usage notes

Ako is used to express indicative mood; to express subjunctive mood, da or kad are generally used instead.

Synonyms

• če, či (Kajkavian)

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jako (“how, in which way”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈakɔ]

Conjunction

ako

1. as
2. like

Further reading

• “ako”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Adjective

-ako (declinable)

1. your (second-person singular possessive adjective)

Inflection

Inflected forms of -ako

Noun class	singular	plural
m-wa class(I/II)	wako	wako
m-mi class(III/IV)	wako	yako
ji-ma class(V/VI)	lako	yako
ki-vi class(VII/VIII)	chako	vyako
n class(IX/X)	yako	zako
u class(XI)	wako	see n(X) or ma(VI) class
pa class(XVI)	pako
ku class(XVII)	kwako
mu class(XVIII)	mwako

See also

Swahili possessive adjectives

			singular	plural
1st person			-angu	-etu
2nd person			-ako	-enu
3rd person			-ake	-ao (animate) / -ake (inanimate)

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• aco — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography
• aq — text messaging slang
• akesh, aketch, akiz — gay slang

Etymology 1

From Proto-Philippine *akú (“I”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku (“I”), from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈko/ [ʔɐˈxo]
• Rhymes: -o
• Syllabification: a‧ko

Pronoun

akó (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓ)

1. 1st person nominative pronoun: I; me

   Synonym: (gay slang) watashi

   Pupunta po ako sa simbahan, Inay.

   I am going to church, Mother.

   Bigyan mo ako ng makakain.

   Give me something to eat.

   Akong ako 'to.

   This is really me.

Derived terms

• ako si
• kaakuhan
• maako
• makaako
• wala akong paki

 

See also

Tagalog personal pronouns

Person	Number	Direct (ang)	Indirect (ng)	Oblique (sa)
First	singular	ako	ko	akin
	dual1	kita, kata	nita, nata, ta	kanita, kanata, ata
	plural inclusive	tayo	natin	atin
	plural exclusive	kami	namin	amin
First & Second	singular	kita2
Second	singular	ikaw, ka	mo	iyo
	plural	kayo, kamo	ninyo, niyo	inyo
Third	singular	siya	niya	kaniya
	plural	sila	nila	kanila
1 First person dual pronouns are not commonly used in Standard Tagalog. 2 Replaces ko ikaw.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Philippine *akuʔ (“accept responsibility”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku (“I; claim as one's own; mine”), from Proto-Austronesian *aku.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈʔakoʔ/ [ˈʔaː.xoʔ]
• Rhymes: -akoʔ
• Syllabification: a‧ko

Noun

akò (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓ)

1. act of assuming the responsibility, obligation, or duties

Derived terms

• akong napapako
• akong tapon
• akuin
• iako
• ipangako
• mangako
• mapagpangako
• mapangako
• pangako
• pangakuan
• tagaako
• umako

 

Further reading

• “ako”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*aku”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Anagrams

• Koa

Ternate

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʔa.ko]

Noun

ako

1. penis

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

West Albay Bikol

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ʔakúʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Pronoun

ako (personal pronoun)

1. I (personal pronoun)

Ye'kwana

Variant orthographies

ALIV	ako
Brazilian standard	ako
New Tribes	aco

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ako]

Noun

ako

1. mortar and pestle

References

• Costa, Isabella Coutinho, Silva, Marcelo Costa da, Rodrigues, Edmilson Magalhães (2021) “ako”, in Portal Japiim: Dicionário Ye'kwana‎^[1], Museu do Índio/FUNAI