droga
Basque
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]droga inan
Declension
[edit]indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | droga | droga | drogak |
ergative | drogak | drogak | drogek |
dative | drogari | drogari | drogei |
genitive | drogaren | drogaren | drogen |
comitative | drogarekin | drogarekin | drogekin |
causative | drogarengatik | drogarengatik | drogengatik |
benefactive | drogarentzat | drogarentzat | drogentzat |
instrumental | drogaz | drogaz | drogez |
inessive | drogatan | drogan | drogetan |
locative | drogatako | drogako | drogetako |
allative | drogatara | drogara | drogetara |
terminative | drogataraino | drogaraino | drogetaraino |
directive | drogatarantz | drogarantz | drogetarantz |
destinative | drogatarako | drogarako | drogetarako |
ablative | drogatatik | drogatik | drogetatik |
partitive | drogarik | — | — |
prolative | drogatzat | — | — |
Derived terms
[edit]- drogatu (“to take drugs”)
- drogazale (“drug addict”)
- drogazaletasun (“drug addiction”)
Further reading
[edit]- “droga”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
- “droga”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
Catalan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Uncertain. Cognate with French drogue, English drug.
Noun
[edit]droga f (plural drogues)
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “droga” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “droga” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “droga”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “droga” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]droga
- inflection of drogar:
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German Droge, from French drogue.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga f (related adjective drogový)
- drug, recreational drug (illegal or intoxicating)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “droga”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 146
Further reading
[edit]- “droga”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “droga”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “droga”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Galician
[edit]Verb
[edit]droga
- inflection of drogar:
Interlingua
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga (plural drogas)
- drug (medical drug or recreational drug)
Italian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Perhaps from Dutch droog (“dry”).
Noun
[edit]droga f (plural droghe)
- spice
- Synonym: spezia
- drug
- Synonym: stupefacente
- 2008, Fratello Metallo, “Bacco”, in Misteri:
- L'alcol è droga! L'alcol è droga e morte!
- Alcohol is a drug! Alcohol is a drug and death!
- 2012, Ferran Adrià, Valentin Fuster, Josep Corbella, La buona cucina della salute, page 237:
- Le ragazze hanno ben chiaro che la marijuana non è una droga leggera.
- The girls understood pretty clearly that marijuana is not a light drug.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]droga
- inflection of drogare:
Anagrams
[edit]Kashubian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dorga.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga f (diminutive dróżka, augmentative drodzëskò or drożëszcze, related adjective drogòwi or drożny)
Further reading
[edit]- Stefan Ramułt (1893) “droga”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 30
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “droga”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[1], volume 1, page 331
- “droga”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dorga.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga f inan (diminutive drožka)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Gunter Schaarschmidt, A Historical Phonology of the Upper and Lower Sorbian Languages (1998), page 45: USo dróha 'road', also droha, LSo droga;
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from German Droge, from French drogue, from Middle Low German droge (“dry”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga f inan
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]droga
Further reading
[edit]- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “droga”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999) “droga”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga m or f
Old Polish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dorga. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga f
- (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) road, way; path (way used for travelling between places)
- c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie[2], Miechów, page br 22:
- Slepy... sedese... podle drogy
- [Ślepy... siedziesze... podle drogi]
- 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski[3], Greater Poland, page Hab 23:
- Drogy vczynyl yes w morzu konyom twoym w blocze wod wyelya (viam fecisti in mari equis tuis in luto aquarum multarum Hab 3, 15)
- [Drogę uczynił jeś w morzu koniom twoim w błocie wod wiela (viam fecisti in mari equis tuis in luto aquarum multarum Hab 3, 15)]
- 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 87:
- Droga, stopa vestigium (beatus, qui in istis versatur bonis: ... Si enim haec fecerit, ad omnia valebit, quia lux dei vestigium eius est Ecclus 50, 31)
- [Droga, stopa vestigium (beatus, qui in istis versatur bonis: ... Si enim haec fecerit, ad omnia valebit, quia lux dei vestigium eius est Ecclus 50, 31)]
- 1868 [1492], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego[4], volume XIX, page 540:
- Pervenimus in viam slodzeyska droga
- [Pervenimus in viam złodziejska droga]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) way (manner of doing things)
- Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[5], Krakow, page 171b:
- Fftorecz mamy chouacz thy to dary, chosz szø nam darmo dany vkaszugøcz nam gednø drogø, gøsz mamy do krolefstwa nebeskego przicz
- [Wtoreć mamy chować ty to dary, coż są nam darmo dany, ukazując nam jednę drogę, jąż mamy do krolewstwa niebieskiego przyć]
- (attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia) passage, via
- End of the 14th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 1:
- Szpowadami szø..., yszeszmi... podrosznika na nocz ne polozili any yemw drogy ne wkazali
- [Spowiadamy się..., iżesmy... podrożnika na noc nie położyli ani jemu drogi nie ukazali]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][6], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 77, 55:
- Drogø vczinil sczdze gnewu swemu (viam fecit semitae irae suae)
- [Drogę uczynił scdze gniewu swego (viam fecit semitae irae suae)]
- 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 19:
- Przeczywko kvpyąnczemv dzedzyną blyszszy do trzech lyaath... czynycz maya, bo potheem dawnoscz gym drogą zastąnpy (alias praescriptio eis obviabit)
- [Przeciwko kupiącemu dziedzinę bliższy do trzech lat... czynić mają, bo potem dawność jim drogę zastąpi (alias praescriptio eis obviabit)]
- distance
- 1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[7], 8, 27:
- Drogøø trzech dny mami gidz na puszczyøø (viam trium dierum pergemus in solitudinem), a tu offyerowacz bødzemy panu bogu naszemu
- [Drogę trzech dni mamy jić na puszczą (viam trium dierum pergemus in solitudinem) a tu ofierować będziemy Panu Bogu naszemu]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) journey, trip, travel
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][8], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 79,10:
- Vodz drogi bil ies w obezrzeniu iey (dux itineris fuisti in conspectu eius)
- [Wodz drogi był jeś w obeźrzeniu jej (dux itineris fuisti in conspectu eius)]
- The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
- vestige, remnant, trace
- 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 13:
- Droga vestigium (et ecce has sequebantur aliae septem boves..., quae devoratis et consumptis prioribus, nullum saturitatis dedere vestigium, sed simili macie et squalore torpebant Gen 41, 21)
- [Droga vestigium (et ecce has sequebantur aliae septem boves..., quae devoratis et consumptis prioribus, nullum saturitatis dedere vestigium, sed simili macie et squalore torpebant Gen 41, 21)]
- vestige, remnant, trace
- probably a corruption of dęga; rainbow
- 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 87:
- Drogą arcus (et quasi sol refulgens, sic ille effulsit in templo dei, quasi arcus refulgens inter nebulas gloriae et quasi flos rosarum in diebus vernis Ecclus 50, 8)
- [Droga arcus (et quasi sol refulgens, sic ille effulsit in templo dei, quasi arcus refulgens inter nebulas gloriae et quasi flos rosarum in diebus vernis Ecclus 50, 8)]
- corruption
- 1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[9], 19, 3:
- Zrownasz pilnye drogø zemye, a na trzi drogy (pro części) rownye wszitkø kragina twø rosdzelisz (sternens diligenter viam et in tres aequaliter partes totam terrae tuae provinciam divides, Biblia ołomuniecka: zrownasz pilnye cziestu zemy, a na trzy cziesty rownye... rozdyelisz)
- [Zrownasz pilnie drogę ziemie a na trzy drogi rownie wszytkę krajinę twą rozdzielisz (sternens diligenter viam et in tres aequaliter partes totam terrae tuae provinciam divides, Biblia ołomuniecka: zrownasz pilnye cziestu zemy, a na trzy cziesty rownye... rozdyelisz)]
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “droga”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “droga”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “droga”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “droga”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish droga.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]droga f (diminutive dróżka)
- road (surface with asphalt or concrete and designed to accommodate many vehicles travelling in both directions)
- road, way; path (way used for travelling between places)
- Synonym: trasa
- journey, trip, travel
- way; road (series of events and actions that give a certain effect) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what’]
- Synonym: ścieżka
- (bureaucracy) way; recourse (manner of doing things set by regulations)
- (technology) road; highway (means of connecting devices so that they may intercommunicate)
- (anatomy) tract (series of connected body organs, such as the digestive tract)
- way; path (course of someone's life, related to professional activity or interests)
- way (manner of behaving)
- (obsolete) description of a trip
- (obsolete) depths of a river
- (obsolete, astronomy) orbit of a planet
- (obsolete, physics) distance travelled by a body
- (Middle Polish, law) legal process; court
Declension
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- być na dobrej drodze impf
- chodzić własnymi drogami impf
- chodzić własnymi drogami impf
- czuć się jak groch przy drodze impf
- drogi przecięły się pf, drogi przecinają się impf
- drogi rozeszły się pf, drogi rozchodzą się impf
- nadrobić drogi pf, nadrabiać drogi impf
- pójść prostą drogą pf, iść prostą drogą impf
- pójść swoją drogą pf, iść swoją drogą impf
- prowadzić prostą drogą impf
- schodzić komuś z drogi impf
- stać na drodze impf
- stanąć na drodze pf, stawać na drodze impf
- stanąć na drodze pf, stawać na drodze impf
- wsejść w drogę pf, wchodzić w drogę impf
- wstąpić na drogę pf, wstępować na drogę impf
- zajechać drogę pf, zajeżdżać drogę impf
- zastąpić drogę pf, zastępować drogę impf
- zatrzymać się w pół drogi pf, zatrzymuować się w pół drogi impf
- zawrócić z drogi pf, zawracać z drogi impf
- zejść na drogę pf, schodzić na drogę impf
Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), droga is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 67 times in scientific texts, 61 times in news, 93 times in essays, 92 times in fiction, and 53 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 366 times, making it the 136th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]droga
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- droga in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- droga in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “droga”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “DROGA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 26.10.2022
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “droga”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “droga”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “droga”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 559
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]From French drogue, from Middle French drogue, from Old French drogue, from drocgue, possibly from Middle Dutch droge (“dry”).
Noun
[edit]droga f (plural drogas)
- drug (substance used to treat an illness or relieve a symptom)
- Synonyms: fármaco, mezinha, remédio, medicamento
- drug (psychoactive substance, especially one which is illegal and addictive)
- (Brazil, informal) crap (something of poor quality)
Related terms
[edit]Interjection
[edit]droga!
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]droga
- inflection of drogar:
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]a droga (third-person singular present droghează, past participle drogat) 1st conj.
- to drug
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- droga in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German Droge, from French drogue.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]dróga f (Cyrillic spelling дро́га)
- drug (illegal or intoxicating)
Declension
[edit]Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from French drogue, from Middle French drogue, from Middle Dutch droge (“dry”).
Noun
[edit]droga f (plural drogas)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]droga
- inflection of drogar:
Further reading
[edit]- “droga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Anagrams
[edit]Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]droga (present drogar, preterite drogade, supine drogat, imperative droga)
- (sometimes with ner) to drug (someone); to fool someone into taking drugs, especially sleeping pills or similar
- (colloquial, intransitive) to do drugs
Usage notes
[edit]Taking drugs is sometimes expressed as "droga ner sig" (drug oneself down).
Conjugation
[edit]Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | droga | drogas | ||
Supine | drogat | drogats | ||
Imperative | droga | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | drogen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | drogar | drogade | drogas | drogades |
Ind. plural1 | droga | drogade | drogas | drogades |
Subjunctive2 | droge | drogade | droges | drogades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | drogande | |||
Past participle | drogad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
References
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Tagalog
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Spanish droga (“drug”), from French drogue, from Middle French drogue, from Middle Dutch droge.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈdɾoɡa/ [ˈd̪ɾoː.ɣɐ]
- Rhymes: -oɡa
- Syllabification: dro‧ga
Noun
[edit]droga (Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜇᜓᜄ)
- (dated) drug (any substance used to treat an illness)
- drug (typically illegal psychoactive substance)
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “droga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Anagrams
[edit]- Basque terms borrowed from Spanish
- Basque terms derived from Spanish
- Basque terms with audio pronunciation
- Basque terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Basque/oɡa
- Rhymes:Basque/oɡa/2 syllables
- Basque lemmas
- Basque nouns
- Basque inanimate nouns
- Basque dated terms
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with unknown etymologies
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan verb forms
- ca:Drugs
- Czech terms borrowed from German
- Czech terms derived from German
- Czech terms derived from French
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- cs:Recreational drugs
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua nouns
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔɡa
- Rhymes:Italian/ɔɡa/2 syllables
- Italian terms derived from Dutch
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian terms with quotations
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ɔɡa
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ɔɡa/2 syllables
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian feminine nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian nouns
- Lower Sorbian feminine nouns
- Lower Sorbian inanimate nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms borrowed from German
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from German
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from French
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Middle Low German
- Lower Sorbian non-lemma forms
- Lower Sorbian adjective forms
- dsb:Roads
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish feminine nouns
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Masovia Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔɡa
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔɡa/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- pl:Technology
- pl:Anatomy
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- pl:Astronomy
- pl:Physics
- Middle Polish
- pl:Law
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish adjective forms
- pl:Roads
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese terms with audio pronunciation
- Portuguese terms derived from French
- Portuguese terms derived from Middle French
- Portuguese terms derived from Old French
- Portuguese terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Brazilian Portuguese
- Portuguese informal terms
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
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- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from German
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- sh:Recreational drugs
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/oɡa
- Rhymes:Spanish/oɡa/2 syllables
- Spanish terms borrowed from French
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- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
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- Rhymes:Tagalog/oɡa
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- Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
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