esum

Latin

Verb

ēsum

1. accusative supine of edō

Verb

esum (hapax, Old Latin)

1. Alternative form of sum
   • 40's BC, Varro, On the Latin language IX.57:

     Item male conferunt fui sum ero, quod fui est perfectum, cuius series sibi, ut debet, in omnibus partibus constat, quod est fueram fui fuero; de infectis sum quod nunc dicitur olim dicebatur esum et in omnibus personis constabat, quod dicebatur esum es est, eram eras erat, ero eris erit; sic huiusce modi cetera servare analogiam videbis.

     Likewise they are wrong to group fui/sum/ero together [and then complain of irregularity] because fui, being a perfect, is actually in its own series, which is internally consistent as expected: fueram/fui/fuero. Of the non-perfects, sum was in olden times esum, hence it used to be consistent in all persons: esum-es-est/eram-eras-erat/ero-eris-erit. You will find that all other verbs follow this pattern [of perfects agreeing with perfects, non-perfects with non-perfects].

Participle

ēsum

1. inflection of ēsus:
   1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
   2. accusative masculine singular