examination

English

Etymology

From Middle English examinacioun, from Old French examinacion, from Latin exāminātiō. Morphologically examine +‎ -ation

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪʃən
• Hyphenation: ex‧am‧i‧na‧tion

Noun

examination (countable and uncountable, plural examinations)

1. The act of examining.
   • 2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:

     [The researchers] noticed many of their pieces of [plastic marine] debris sported surface pits around two microns across. Such pits are about the size of a bacterial cell. Closer examination showed that some of these pits did, indeed, contain bacteria, […].

   • 2014 October 14, David Malcolm, “The Great War Re-Remembered: Allohistory and Allohistorical Fiction”, in Martin Löschnigg, Marzena Sokolowska-Paryz, editors, The Great War in Post-Memory Literature and Film‎^[1], Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG., →ISBN, page 173:

     The question of the plausibility of the counter-factual is seen as key in all three discussions of allohistorical fiction (as it is in Demandt's and Ferguson's examinations of allohistory) (cf. Rodiek 25–26; Ritter 15–16; Helbig 32).

2. Particularly, an inspection by a medical professional to establish the extent and nature of any sickness or injury.
3. (education) A formal test involving answering written or oral questions under a time constraint and usually without access to textbooks; typically, a large, written test administered to high school and college students covering course material studied in a semester.
4. Interrogation, particularly by a lawyer in court or during discovery.

Derived terms

• 11-plus examination
• bar examination
• blue book examination
• clinical examination
• cross-examination
• cross examination
• direct examination
• entrance examination
• examinational
• examination-in-chief
• examinationless
• examination of conscience
• examination paper
• examination table
• exam (synonym)
• eye examination
• final examination
• imperial examination
• microexamination
• mock examination
• neuroexamination
• nonexamination
• physical examination
• preexamination
• preliminary examination
• previous examination
• recross-examination
• recross examination
• re-cross-examination
• re-examination
• self-examination
• teleexamination

 

Related terms

• examine

Translations

act of examining

• Arabic: اِخْتِبَار (ar) m (iḵtibār), اِمْتِحَان (ar) m (imtiḥān)

  Egyptian Arabic: إختبار m (eḵtebār), إمتحان m (emteḥān)

• Armenian: քննություն (hy) (kʻnnutʻyun), փորձաքննություն (hy) (pʻorjakʻnnutʻyun)
• Azerbaijani: müayinə (az), yoxlama (az), təftiş (az)
• Bengali: ইমতেহান (bn) (imtehan)
• Bulgarian: изсле́дване (bg) n (izslédvane)
• Finnish: tutkimus (fi), tutkiminen (fi), tarkastelu (fi)
• French: examen (fr) m
• Georgian: გამოკვლევა (gamoḳvleva)
• German: Prüfung (de) f, Untersuchung (de) f
• Greek:

  Ancient: σκέψις f (sképsis)

• Hindi: परीक्षण (hi) (pareekshan)
• Hungarian: vizsgálat (hu), ellenőrzés (hu), kivizsgálás (hu), bevizsgálás, átvizsgálás (hu)
• Ingrian: tutkimus
• Malayalam: പരിശോധന (ml) (pariśōdhana)
• Maori: mātaitanga
• Marathi: तपासणी f (tapāsṇī)
• Persian: بَرْرِسی (fa) (barresi)
• Portuguese: exame (pt) m
• Romanian: examinare (ro) f, examen (ro) n
• Russian: прове́рка (ru) f (provérka), иссле́дование (ru) n (isslédovanije), рассмотре́ние (ru) n (rassmotrénije)
• Slovak: obhliadka f, prehliadka f, skúmanie (sk) n
• Spanish: examen (es) m, examinación f (dated)
• Thai: ไต่สวน (th) (dtài-sǔuan)
• Turkish: imtihan etmek (tr), sınav yamak
• Vietnamese: kiểm tra (vi)
• Walloon: corwaitaedje (wa) m, scarwaitaedje m

inspection by a doctor

• Arabic: فَحْص (ar) m (faḥṣ)
• Armenian: զննում (hy) (znnum), բուժզննում (hy) (bužznnum) (medical)
• Azerbaijani: müayinə (az)
• Belarusian: агля́д m (ahljád)
• Bulgarian: пре́глед (bg) m (prégled)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 檢查 / 检查 (zh) (jiǎnchá)

• Czech: vyšetření (cs) n
• Danish: undersøgelse c
• Dutch: onderzoek (nl) n
• Finnish: tutkimus (fi), tarkastus (fi)
• French: examen (fr) m
• Georgian: გამოკვლევა (gamoḳvleva), გასინჯვა (gasinǯva)
• German: Untersuchung (de) f
• Greek: εξέταση (el) f (exétasi)
• Hindi: परीक्षण (hi) m (parīkṣaṇ)
• Hungarian: vizsgálat (hu)
• Icelandic: skoðun (is) f
• Indonesian: pemeriksaan (id)
• Italian: esame (it) m, visita (it) f
• Japanese: 診察 (ja) (しんさつ, shinsatsu), 検査 (ja) (けんさ, kensa), 診療 (ja) (しんりょう, shinryō) (examination and treatment)
• Kazakh: қарау (kk) (qarau)
• Khmer: ការពិនិត្យ (kaa pinɨt)
• Korean: 진찰(診察) (ko) (jinchal), 검사(檢査) (ko) (geomsa)
• Kyrgyz: кароо (ky) (karoo)
• Macedonian: преглед m (pregled)
• Malay: pemeriksaan
• Malayalam: പരിശോധന (ml) (pariśōdhana)
• Marathi: तपासणी f (tapāsṇī)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: undersøkelse m

• Persian: مُعایِنِه (fa) (mo'âyene)
• Polish: badanie (pl) n, oględziny (pl) pl
• Portuguese: exame (pt) m
• Romanian: examinare (ro) f, examen medical (ro) n, consult medical n
• Russian: осмо́тр (ru) m (osmótr), медосмо́тр (ru) m (medosmótr) (medical examination)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пре́глед m, прије́глед m

  Roman: prégled (sh) m, prijégled m

• Slovak: vyšetrenie n, prehliadka f
• Slovene: pregled m
• Spanish: examen (es) m, examinación f (dated)
• Swahili: ukaguzi (sw)
• Swedish: undersökning (sv) c
• Tajik: муоина (muoyina)
• Turkish: muayene (tr)
• Ukrainian: о́гляд (uk) m (óhljad)
• Urdu: مُعائِنَہ m (mu'āina)
• Uzbek: koʻrik (uz)
• Walloon: vizite (wa) f

formal test

• Albanian: provim (sq) m
• Arabic: اِمْتِحَان (ar) m (imtiḥān), اِخْتِبَار (ar) m (iḵtibār)
• Armenian: քննություն (hy) (kʻnnutʻyun)
• Azerbaijani: imtahan (az), sınaq (az)
• Bashkir: имтихан (imtixan)
• Belarusian: экза́мен m (ekzámjen), экза́мэн m (ekzámen), тэст m (test)
• Bengali: পরীক্ষা (bn) (porikkha), ইমতেহান (bn) (imtehan)
• Bulgarian: и́зпит (bg) m (ízpit), тест (bg) m (test)
• Burmese: စာမေးပွဲ (my) (came:pwai:)
• Catalan: examen (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 考試 / 考试 (haau² si⁵)

  Dungan: кошу (košu), кофа (kofa)

  Hokkien: 考試 / 考试 (zh-min-nan) (khó-chhì)

  Mandarin: 考試 / 考试 (zh) (kǎoshì), 測驗 / 测验 (zh) (cèyàn)

• Crimean Tatar: imtian
• Czech: zkouška (cs) f
• Danish: eksamen c, prøve (da) c
• Dutch: tentamen (nl) n, toets (nl) m, proefwerk (nl) n, examen (nl) n
• Esperanto: ekzameno
• Estonian: eksam (et)
• Finnish: tentti (fi), koe (fi)
• French: examen (fr) m
• Georgian: გამოცდა (gamocda)
• German: Prüfung (de) f, Test (de) m, Überprüfung (de) f, Erprobung (de) f, Versuch (de) m, Examen (de) n, Klausur (de) f
• Greek: εξέταση (el) f (exétasi), διαγώνισμα (el) n (diagónisma)

  Ancient: δοκιμασία f (dokimasía)

• Hebrew: מִבְחָן (he) m (mivkhán)
• Hindi: परीक्षा (hi) m (parīkṣā), इम्तहान (hi) m (imtahān)
• Hungarian: vizsga (hu)
• Icelandic: próf n
• Indonesian: ujian (id), tes (id)
• Irish: scrúdú m
• Italian: esame (it) m
• Japanese: 試験 (ja) (しけん, shiken), テスト (ja) (tesuto), 考査 (ja) (こうさ, kōsa)
• Kazakh: емтихан (emtixan), сынақ (synaq)
• Khmer: ប្រឡង់ (km) (prɑlɑng), វិញ្ញាសា (km) (vɨññiəsaa)
• Korean: 시험(試驗) (ko) (siheom), 테스트 (ko) (teseuteu), 고사(考査) (ko) (gosa)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: imtîhan (ku), ezmûn (ku), azmûn (ku)

• Kyrgyz: экзамен (ky) (ekzamen), сынак (ky) (sınak)
• Lao: ການສອບ (kān sǭp)
• Latin: inquisitio, quaestio
• Latvian: eksāmens m
• Lithuanian: egzaminas (lt) m
• Macedonian: испит m (ispit)
• Malay: peperiksaan (ms)
• Malayalam: പരീക്ഷ (ml) (parīkṣa)
• Maori: whakamātautau
• Marathi: परीक्षा f (parīkṣā)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: шалгалт (mn) (šalgalt)

• Ngazidja Comorian: mtihani class 3/4, gizama class 9/10
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: eksamen (no) m, prøve (no) m or f

  Nynorsk: eksamen m

• Pashto: امتحان (ps) m (emtehān)
• Persian: اِمْتِحان (fa) (emtehân), آزْمون (fa) (âzmun), تِسْت (fa) (test)
• Plautdietsch: Eksamen m
• Polish: egzamin (pl) m, sprawdzian (pl) m
• Portuguese: exame (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਪਰੀਖਿਆ f (parīkhiā)
• Romanian: examen (ro) n
• Romansch: examen m
• Russian: экза́мен (ru) m (ekzámen), тест (ru) m (tɛst), зачёт (ru) m (začót)
• Sanskrit: परीक्षा (sa) f (parīkṣā)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ѝспит m

  Roman: ìspit (sh) m

• Slovak: skúška f
• Slovene: izpit (sl) m
• Spanish: examen (es) m, examinación f (dated)
• Swahili: mtihani (sw)
• Swedish: tentamen (sv) c, tenta (sv) c, prov (sv) n, skrivning (sv) c
• Tagalog: pagsusulit (tl)
• Tajik: имтиҳон (tg) (imtihon), озмун (ozmun)
• Tatar: имтихан (tt) (imtixan)
• Thai: การสอบ (th) (gaan-sɔ̀ɔp)
• Turkish: sınav (tr), imtihan (tr)
• Turkmen: ekzamen, synag, zaçýot
• Ukrainian: екза́мен (uk) m (ekzámen), і́спит (uk) m (íspyt), тест m (test)
• Urdu: اِمْتِحان (ur) m (imtihān), پَرِیکْشا m (parīkśā)
• Uyghur: ئىمتىھان (imtihan)
• Uzbek: imtihon (uz), ekzamen, sinov (uz)
• Vietnamese: thi (vi), khảo thí (vi)
• Vilamovian: prifung f
• Walloon: egzamin (wa) m
• Welsh: arholiad (cy) m
• Yiddish: עקזאַמען m (ekzamen), בחינה f (bkhine)

interrogation — see interrogation

Anagrams

• exanimation