had

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See also: -had and háð

Translingual

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Symbol

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had

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Hatam.

See also

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English

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Etymology

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From Middle English hadde (preterite), yhad (past participle), from Old English hæfde (first and third person singular preterite), ġehæfd (past participle), from Proto-Germanic *habdaz, past and past participle stem of *habjaną (“to have”), equivalent to have +‎ -ed. Cognate with Dutch had, German hatte, Swedish hade, Icelandic hafði.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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had

  1. simple past and past participle of have
    This morning I had an egg for breakfast.
    A good time was had by all.
    • 1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter I, in Mansfield Park: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 1:
      About thirty years ago, Miss Maria Ward, of Huntingdon, with only seven thousand pounds, had the good luck to captivate Sir Thomas Bertram, of Mansfield Park, in the county of Northampton, […].
  2. (auxiliary, followed by a past participle) Used to form the past perfect tense, expressing an action that took place prior to a reference point that is itself in the past.
    I felt sure that I had seen him before.
    • 2011 April 15, Ben Cooper, The Guardian, London:
      Cooper seems an odd choice, but imagine if they had taken MTV's advice and chosen Robert Pattinson?
  3. (auxiliary, now rare) As past subjunctive: would have.
    • 1499, John Skelton, The Bowge of Courte:
      To holde myne honde, by God, I had grete payne; / For forthwyth there I had him slayne, / But that I drede mordre wolde come oute […].
    • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 4, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
      Julius Cæsar had escaped death, if going to the Senate-house, that day wherein he was murthered by the Conspirators, he had read a memorial which was presented unto him.
    • 1849, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, In Memoriam, section 24:
      If all was good and fair we met, / This earth had been the Paradise / It never look’d to human eyes / Since our first Sun arose and set.
    • 1898, George Bernard Shaw, Caesar and Cleopatra:
      CAESAR (smiling). Of course I had rather you stayed.

Usage notes

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Had, like that, is one of a small number of words to be correctly used twice in succession in English in a non-contrived way, e.g. “He had had several operations previously.”

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Verb

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had

  1. preterite of hê; had

Breton

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Etymology

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From Proto-Brythonic *had, from Proto-Celtic *satos, from *sh₁-tó-, past participle of Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.

Noun

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had m (plural hadoù)

  1. (botany) seed

Central Cagayan Agta

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Pronoun

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had

  1. (interrogative) where

Czech

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Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech had, from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had m anim (related adjective hadí)

  1. snake

Declension

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Declension of had (hard masculine animate)
singular plural
nominative had hadi, hadové
genitive hada hadů
dative hadovi, hadu hadům
accusative hada hady
vocative hade hadi, hadové
locative hadovi, hadu hadech
instrumental hadem hady

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “had”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “had”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “had”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂d- (“hate”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had n (singular definite hadet, not used in plural form)

  1. hate, hatred
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Verb

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had

  1. imperative of hade

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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had

  1. singular past indicative of hebben

Hungarian

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Etymology

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From Old Hungarian hodu, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kunta.[1] Cognate with Finnish kunta.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had (plural hadak)

  1. (military) army
  2. (military, in compound words or phrases) war

Declension

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Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative had hadak
accusative hadat hadakat
dative hadnak hadaknak
instrumental haddal hadakkal
causal-final hadért hadakért
translative haddá hadakká
terminative hadig hadakig
essive-formal hadként hadakként
essive-modal — —
inessive hadban hadakban
superessive hadon hadakon
adessive hadnál hadaknál
illative hadba hadakba
sublative hadra hadakra
allative hadhoz hadakhoz
elative hadból hadakból
delative hadról hadakról
ablative hadtól hadaktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		hadé hadaké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		hadéi hadakéi
Possessive forms of had
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. hadam hadaim
2nd person sing. hadad hadaid
3rd person sing. hada hadai
1st person plural hadunk hadaink
2nd person plural hadatok hadaitok
3rd person plural haduk hadaik

Derived terms

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Compound words
Expressions

References

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  1. ^ Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume II, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 1277

Further reading

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  • had in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Indonesian

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Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

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Inherited from Malay had (“limit, boundary”), from Arabic حَدّ (ḥadd).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had (plural had-had, first-person possessive hadku, second-person possessive hadmu, third-person possessive hadnya)

  1. (rare) limit
    Synonyms: batas, limit
  2. (rare) boundary
    Synonym: batas
  3. (rare) until
    Synonym: hingga
  4. (rare) as far as.
    Synonym: sejauh

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Jersey Dutch

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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had

  1. singular past indicative of hävve; had.
    • 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
      En kääd'l had twî jongers; […]
      A man had two sons. […]

Malay

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Etymology

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From Classical Malay [script needed] (had), from Arabic حَدّ (ḥadd).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had (Jawi spelling حد, plural had-had, informal 1st possessive hadku, 2nd possessive hadmu, 3rd possessive hadnya)

  1. limit
    1. (mathematics) A value to which a sequence converges. Equivalently, the common value of the upper limit and the lower limit of a sequence: if the upper and lower limits are different, then the sequence has no limit (i.e., does not converge).
      Synonym: limit (Indonesian)
  2. boundary

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Indonesian: had

Further reading

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Matal

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Verb

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had

  1. to walk, go
    Kamkam, kahad à Urusalima aw! (Sləray 21:21)[1]
    Don't go to Jerusalem! (Acts 21:12)

References

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  1. ^ http://listen.bible.is/MFHWYI/Acts/21

Middle English

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Noun

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had

  1. Alternative form of hod

Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had m animal

  1. snake

Declension

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Declension of had (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative had hady hadi, hadové
genitive hada, hadu hadú hadóv
dative hadu, hadovi hadoma hadóm
accusative had, hada hady hady
vocative hade hady hadi, hadové
locative hadě, hadu, hadovi hadú hadiech
instrumental hadem hadoma hady
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

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Further reading

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Old English

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (“state, condition, rank, person”). Akin to Old Norse heiðr (“dignity, honor”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍃 (haidus, “manner”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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hād m

  1. person, individual
  2. a character
    • c. 1011, Byrhtferth, Manual‎[1]:
      Þonne sē sċop inn ġebringþ ōðre hādas þe wiþ hine wordliġen swelċe hīe him andswariġen, þonne biþ sēo ġesetnes "ġemǣnu" oþþe "ġemenġedu" ġeċīeġed.
      When the poet introduces other characters who talk to him as if they're answering him, the composition is called "common" or "mixed."
  3. individuality
  4. rank, status
  5. a person of the Trinity
    • c. 992, Ælfric, "Of the Catholic Faith"
      Nis sē Fæder āna Þrīnes, oþþe sē Sunu Þrīnes, oþþe sē Hālga Gāst Þrīnes, ac þās þrī hādas sind ān god on ānre godcundnesse.
      The Trinity is not the Father alone, or the Son, or the Holy Spirit; these three persons are one god in one godhead.
  6. honor, dignity
  7. office (esp religious)
  8. state, condition; nature, manner
  9. gender
    • c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Nativity of the Holy Virgins"
      Sēo ġelaðung is ġegaderod of ǣġðres hādes mannum, þæt is, werhādes and wīfhādes.
      The church is gathered from people of each gender, that is, the male sex and the female sex.
  10. (grammar) grammatical person
    • c. 995, Ælfric, Excerptiones de Arte Grammatica Anglice
      Þrī hādas sind worda. Sē forma hād is þe spricþ be him selfum ānum ("iċ seċġe", oþþe mid ōðrum mannum on maniġfealdum ġetæle, "wē seċġaþ"). Sē ōðer hād is þe sē forma spricþ tō ("þū sæġst", oþþe maniġfealdlīċe "ġē seċġaþ"). Sē þridda hād is be þǣm þe sē forma hād spricþ tō þǣm ōðrum hāde ("hē sæġþ", oþþe maniġfealdlīċe "hīe seċġaþ").
      Verbs have three persons. The first person talks about himself alone ("I say", or with other people in the plural, "we say"). The second person is whoever the first person talks to ("you say", or in the plural "y'all say"). The third person is whoever the first person talks about to the second person ("he says", or in the plural "they say").
  11. race; kindred, family; tribe, group
  12. choir

Declension

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Declension of hād (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative hād hādas
accusative hād hādas
genitive hādes hāda
dative hāde hādum

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Slovak

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Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gadъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had m animal (genitive singular hada, nominative plural hady, genitive plural hadov, declension pattern of dub)

  1. snake, serpent

Declension

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Declension of had
singular plural
nominative had hady
genitive hada hadov
dative hadovi hadom
accusative hada hady
locative hadovi hadoch
instrumental hadom hadmi

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “had”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Sumerian

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Romanization

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had

  1. Romanization of 𒉺 (ḫad)

Turkish

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Etymology

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From Ottoman Turkish حد (hadd), from Arabic حَدّ (ḥadd).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had (definite accusative haddi, plural hadler or hudut)

  1. limit
  2. boundary

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative had
Definite accusative haddi
Singular Plural
Nominative had hadler
Definite accusative haddi hadleri
Dative hadde hadlere
Locative hadde hadlerde
Ablative hadden hadlerden
Genitive haddin hadlerin
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Upper Sorbian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gàdъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɦat/
  • Rhymes: -at
  • Hyphenation: had
  • Syllabification: had

Noun

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had m animal (diminutive hadźik)

  1. (zoology) snake, serpent

Declension

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Declension of had (masculine hard stem)
singular dual plural
nominative had hadaj hady
genitive hada hadow hadow
dative hadej hadomaj hadam
accusative hada hadaj hady
instrumental hadom hadomaj hadami
locative hadźe hadomaj hadach
vocative hado, hadźe hadaj hady

References

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  • “had” in Soblex

Uzbek

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic حَدّ (ḥadd, “limit”). Compare Turkish had.

Noun

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had (plural hadlar)

  1. limit

Welsh

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Etymology

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From Middle Welsh hat, from Proto-Brythonic *had, from Proto-Celtic *satos, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₁-tó-, past participle of *seh₁- (“to sow”). Cognate with English seed.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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had m pl or m sg (singulative hedyn, plural hadau)

  1. seed, seeds (collectively)
  2. semen, sperm

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “had”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yola

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Verb

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had

  1. Alternative form of hadh (“had”)
    • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 79:
      Ich woul ich had.
      I wish I had.
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:
      Yith Muzleare had ba hole, t'was mee Tommeen,
      If Good-for-little had been buried, it had been my Tommy,
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:
      An aar w' had Treblere an sturdy Cournug.
      And there we had Treblere and sturdy Cournug.
    • 1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:
      Eee crappès o' a shearde ich had a cousaane.
      In the bushes of the gap I had a hole to go through.
    • 1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 108:
      Hea had no much wut,
      He had not much wit,

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867
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