imperator

See also: Imperator, imperatór, and împerator

English

Alternative forms

• Imperator

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperātor. Doublet of emperor.

Noun

imperator (plural imperators or imperatores)

1. An emperor.
   • 1843, “TRIUMPHUS”, in William Smith, Charles Anthon, editors, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, 3rd American edition, New York, N.Y., Cincinnati, Oh., Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company, page 1019, column 1:

     But to compensate in some degree for what was then taken away, the custom was introduced of bestowing what was termed Triumphalia Ornamenta, that is, permission to receive the titles bestowed upon, and to appear in public with the robes worn by the imperatores of the commonwealth when they triumphed, and to bequeath to their descendants triumphal statues.

   • 1898 April 16, Paolo Mantegazza, anonymous translator, “From the Nuova Antologia. Regressive Evolution.”, in The Living Age, sixth series, volume XVIII; from the beginning, volume CCXVII, number 2806, Boston, Mass.: The Living Age Company, section VI, page 160, column 2:

     Modern emperors and consuls of the year VIII. are no more the imperatores of ancient Rome, and modern religious organizations are but the phantasms of mediæval corporations.

   • 1966, James Workman, The Mad Emperor, Melbourne, Sydney: Scripts, page 147:

     He said cautiously, "I do not think it right, Imperator."

   • 1990, Robert Newman, “A Dialogue of Power in the Coinage of Antony and Octavian (44–30 B.C.)”, in American Journal of Numismatics, second series, volume 2, New York, N.Y.: The American Numismatic Society, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 53:

     Given the sudden proliferation of self-portraits on the coins of all the imperatores of this period, many of whom certainly had not received such a privilege, such an unattested grant to Antony need not be assumed.

Usage notes

Frequently used in historical fiction.

Related terms

• imperatrix

Anagrams

• patiromer

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Internationalism; ultimately from Latin imperātor.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

imperator (definite accusative imperatoru, plural imperatorlar)

1. emperor

Declension

Declension of imperator
	singular	plural
nominative	imperator	imperatorlar
definite accusative	imperatoru	imperatorları
dative	imperatora	imperatorlara
locative	imperatorda	imperatorlarda
ablative	imperatordan	imperatorlardan
definite genitive	imperatorun	imperatorların

Possessive forms of imperator
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	imperatorum	imperatorlarım
sənin (“your”)	imperatorun	imperatorların
onun (“his/her/its”)	imperatoru	imperatorları
bizim (“our”)	imperatorumuz	imperatorlarımız
sizin (“your”)	imperatorunuz	imperatorlarınız
onların (“their”)	imperatoru or imperatorları	imperatorları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	imperatorumu	imperatorlarımı
sənin (“your”)	imperatorunu	imperatorlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	imperatorunu	imperatorlarını
bizim (“our”)	imperatorumuzu	imperatorlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	imperatorunuzu	imperatorlarınızı
onların (“their”)	imperatorunu or imperatorlarını	imperatorlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	imperatoruma	imperatorlarıma
sənin (“your”)	imperatoruna	imperatorlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	imperatoruna	imperatorlarına
bizim (“our”)	imperatorumuza	imperatorlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	imperatorunuza	imperatorlarınıza
onların (“their”)	imperatoruna or imperatorlarına	imperatorlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	imperatorumda	imperatorlarımda
sənin (“your”)	imperatorunda	imperatorlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	imperatorunda	imperatorlarında
bizim (“our”)	imperatorumuzda	imperatorlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	imperatorunuzda	imperatorlarınızda
onların (“their”)	imperatorunda or imperatorlarında	imperatorlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	imperatorumdan	imperatorlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	imperatorundan	imperatorlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	imperatorundan	imperatorlarından
bizim (“our”)	imperatorumuzdan	imperatorlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	imperatorunuzdan	imperatorlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	imperatorundan or imperatorlarından	imperatorlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	imperatorumun	imperatorlarımın
sənin (“your”)	imperatorunun	imperatorlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	imperatorunun	imperatorlarının
bizim (“our”)	imperatorumuzun	imperatorlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	imperatorunuzun	imperatorlarınızın
onların (“their”)	imperatorunun or imperatorlarının	imperatorlarının

Interlingua

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperātor.

Noun

imperator (plural imperatores)

1. emperor

Latin

Alternative forms

• induperātor (pre-Classical)

Etymology

From imperō (“command”), via the radical of its supine imperātum +‎ -tor.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /im.peˈraː.tor/, [ɪmpɛˈräːt̪ɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /im.peˈra.tor/, [impeˈräːt̪or]

Noun

imperātor m (genitive imperātōris, feminine imperātrīx); third declension

1. commander, general, chief, master, person in charge
2. emperor, ruler, commander-in-chief

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	imperātor	imperātōrēs
Genitive	imperātōris	imperātōrum
Dative	imperātōrī	imperātōribus
Accusative	imperātōrem	imperātōrēs
Ablative	imperātōre	imperātōribus
Vocative	imperātor	imperātōrēs

Coordinate terms

• imperātrīx

Derived terms

• eximperātor
• prō salūte Imperātōris

Related terms

• imperātīvus
• imperiālis
• imperium

Descendants

(All of the Italo-Western forms are suspected of being semi-learned on account of the survival of the Latin /e/.)

• Balkan Romance:
  • Megleno-Romanian: ạmpirat
  • Romanian: împărat
  • → Albanian: mbret
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: imperatore
    • → Franco-Provençal: emperator
    • → Ligurian: imperatô
    • → Romansch: imperatur, imperataur
  • Sicilian: mpiraturi
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: imperadôr
  • Lombard: imperador
  • Piedmontese: imperador
  • Venetan: inperadore
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: emperador
  • Franco-Provençal: emperor
  • Old French: empereor (see there for further descendants)
  • Occitan: emperaire, emperador
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: emperador
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: emperador
    • Galician: emperador
    • Portuguese: imperador
  • Old Spanish: emperador
    • Spanish: emperador
• Borrowings:
  • → Ottoman Turkish: ایمپراطور (imperator)
    • Turkish: imparator
  • → Polish: imperator
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *ɨmperọdr (see there for further descendants)
  • → Romanian: imperator
  • → Russian: император (imperator)
  • → Ukrainian: імператор (imperator)

References

• “imperator”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “imperator”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• imperator in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to succeed some one as general: alicui imperatori succedere
    
• “imperator”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• imperator in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “imperator”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin imperātor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /im.pɛˈra.tɔr/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -atɔr
• Syllabification: im‧pe‧ra‧tor

Noun

imperator m pers (female equivalent imperatorowa)

1. emperor (ruler of an empire)

Declension

Declension of imperator

	singular	plural
nominative	imperator	imperatorzy/imperatorowie
genitive	imperatora	imperatorów
dative	imperatorowi	imperatorom
accusative	imperatora	imperatorów
instrumental	imperatorem	imperatorami
locative	imperatorze	imperatorach
vocative	imperatorze	imperatorzy/imperatorowie

Derived terms

adjective

• imperatorski

 

noun

• imperatoryzm

 

Related terms

adjectives

• imperialistyczny
• imperialny

 

nouns

• imperialista
• imperium

 

Further reading

• imperator in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• imperator in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperator. Doublet of împărat.

Noun

imperator m (plural imperatori)

1. imperator

Declension

Declension of imperator

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) imperator	imperatorul	(niște) imperatori	imperatorii
genitive/dative	(unui) imperator	imperatorului	(unor) imperatori	imperatorilor
vocative	imperatorule		imperatorilor

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperātor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /impěraːtor/
• Hyphenation: im‧pe‧ra‧tor

Noun

impèrātor m (Cyrillic spelling импѐра̄тор)

1. emperor (ruler of an empire)

Declension

Declension of imperator

	singular	plural
nominative	imperator	imperatori
genitive	imperatora	imperatora
dative	imperatoru	imperatorima
accusative	imperatora	imperatore
vocative	imperatore	imperatori
locative	imperatoru	imperatorima
instrumental	imperatorom	imperatorima

Uzbek

Other scripts
Yangi Imlo
Cyrillic	император‍
Latin	imperator‍
Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan)

Noun

imperator (plural imperatorlar)

1. emperor