sempurna

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay sempurna, from Sanskrit सम्पूर्ण (sampūrṇa, “complete, entire, whole”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /səmˈpurna/ [səmˈpur.na]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -urna
• Syllabification: sem‧pur‧na

Adjective

sêmpurna

1. perfect; flawless
2. complete

Conjugation

Conjugation of sempurna (meng-, transitive)
Root	sempurna
	Active	Involuntary	Passive	Basic / Imperative	Emphatic / Jussive
Active	menyempurna				sempurnalah
Locative	menyempurnai	tersempurnai	disempurnai	sempurnai	sempurnailah
Causative / Applicative1	menyempurnakan	tersempurnakan	disempurnakan	sempurnakan	sempurnakanlah
	Causative
Active	mempersempurna		dipersempurna		persempurnalah
Locative	mempersempurnai		dipersempurnai
Causative / Applicative1	mempersempurnakan		dipersempurnakan	persempurnakan	persempurnakanlah
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Derived terms

• kesempurnaan
• ketidaksempurnaan
• penyempurna
• penyempurnaan

Further reading

• “sempurna” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit सम्पूर्ण (sampūrṇa) from पूर्ण (pūrṇá, “complete, entire, whole”). Compare with purnama (“full moon”).

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -a

Adjective

sempurna (Jawi spelling سمڤورنا)

1. perfect; complete; full

   Synonyms: genap, lengkap, kamil, penuh

Derived terms

• kesempurnaan
• ketidaksempurnaan
• penyempurna
• penyempurnaan

References

• Edi Sedyawati, Ellya Iswati, Kusparyati Boedhijono, Dyah Widjajanti D. (1994) Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, →ISBN, pages 268-9
• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “سمڤرن sĕmpoerna”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 32
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “سمڤرن sĕmporna or sĕmpurna”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 406
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “sĕmpurna”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 429