vivus

Esperanto

Pronunciation

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Verb

vivus

1. conditional of vivi

Ido

Verb

vivus

1. conditional of vivar

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”) + *-wós (whence Latin -vus). Cognate with Sanskrit जीव (jīva), Gothic 𐌵𐌹𐌿𐍃 (qius) and Ancient Greek βίος (bíos).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯iː.u̯us/, [ˈu̯iːu̯ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.vus/, [ˈviːvus]

Adjective

vīvus (feminine vīva, neuter vīvum); first/second-declension adjective

1. alive, living

   Antonyms: dēfūnctus, mortuus

2. native, genuine, in the natural state
3. bright, lit, burning, kindled
4. (of the river) current
5. durable, lasting, persistent
6. lively, ardent

   Synonyms: strēnuus, impiger, laetus, alacer, ācer

   Antonyms: trīstis, frāctus, sēgnis, dēses

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	vīvus	vīva	vīvum		vīvī	vīvae	vīva
Genitive	vīvī	vīvae	vīvī		vīvōrum	vīvārum	vīvōrum
Dative	vīvō		vīvō		vīvīs
Accusative	vīvum	vīvam	vīvum		vīvōs	vīvās	vīva
Ablative	vīvō	vīvā	vīvō		vīvīs
Vocative	vīve	vīva	vīvum		vīvī	vīvae	vīva

Derived terms

• redivīvus
• vīvārium
• vīvārius
• vīvātus
• vīviparus
• vīvum

Related terms

• vīta
• vītālis
• vīvācitās
• vīvāciter
• vīvē
• vīvēscō
• vīvidus
• vīvō

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: yiu, ghiu, viu
  • Istro-Romanian: viu
  • Megleno-Romanian: ghiu, viu
  • Romanian: viu
• Dalmato-Romance:
  • Dalmatian: vi
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: vivu
  • Italian: vivo
  • Sicilian: vivu
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: bibu, biu, bivu, viu
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: vîf, vîv
  • Piedmontese: viv
  • Romansch: viv, veiv
  • Venetan: vivo
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: viu
  • French: vif
  • Occitan: viu
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: vivo
  • Asturian: vivu
  • Galician: vivo
  • Mirandese: bibo
  • Portuguese: vivo
  • Spanish: vivo

References

• “vivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vivus in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• vivus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vivus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • running water: aqua viva, profluens (opp. stagnum)
    
  • (ambiguous) to take a person alive: capere aliquem vivum
    
  • (ambiguous) I do not take that too strictly: non id ad vivum reseco (Lael. 5. 8)