898

Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-1
Masa molar, constante de gas y propiedades del punto crítico
Propiedades del punto crítico
Constante
Masa molar, de gas, Temperatura, Presión, Volumen,
Sustancia Fórmula M kg/kmol R kJ/kg · K* K MPa m3/kmol
Agua H2O 18.015 0.4615 647.1 22.06 0.0560
Aire — 28.97 0.2870 132.5 3.77 0.0883
Alcohol etílico C2H5OH 46.07 0.1805 516 6.38 0.1673
Alcohol metílico CH3OH 32.042 0.2595 513.2 7.95 0.1180
Amoniaco NH3 17.03 0.4882 405.5 11.28 0.0724
Argón Ar 39.948 0.2081 151 4.86 0.0749
Benceno C6H6 78.115 0.1064 562 4.92 0.2603
Bromo Br2 159.808 0.0520 584 10.34 0.1355
n-Butano C4H10 58.124 0.1430 425.2 3.80 0.2547
Cloro Cl2 70.906 0.1173 417 7.71 0.1242
Cloroformo CHCl3 119.38 0.06964 536.6 5.47 0.2403
Cloruro metílico CH3Cl 50.488 0.1647 416.3 6.68 0.1430
Criptón Kr 83.80 0.09921 209.4 5.50 0.0924
Diclorodifluorometano (R-12) CCl2F2 120.91 0.06876 384.7 4.01 0.2179
Diclorofluorometano (R-21) CHCl2F 102.92 0.08078 451.7 5.17 0.1973
Dióxido de carbono CO2 44.01 0.1889 304.2 7.39 0.0943
Dióxido de sulfuro SO2 64.063 0.1298 430.7 7.88 0.1217
Etano C2H6 30.070 0.2765 305.5 4.48 0.1480
Etileno C2H4 28.054 0.2964 282.4 5.12 0.1242
Helio He 4.003 2.0769 5.3 0.23 0.0578
n-Hexano C6H14 86.179 0.09647 507.9 3.03 0.3677
Hidrógeno (normal) H 2 2.016 4.1240 33.3 1.30 0.0649
Metano CH4 16.043 0.5182 191.1 4.64 0.0993
Monóxido de carbono CO 28.011 0.2968 133 3.50 0.0930
Neón Ne 20.183 0.4119 44.5 2.73 0.0417
Nitrógeno N 2 28.013 0.2968 126.2 3.39 0.0899
Óxido nitroso N2O 44.013 0.1889 309.7 7.27 0.0961
Oxígeno O2 31.999 0.2598 154.8 5.08 0.0780
Propano C3H8 44.097 0.1885 370 4.26 0.1998
Propileno C3H6 42.081 0.1976 365 4.62 0.1810
Tetracloruro de carbono CCl4 153.82 0.05405 556.4 4.56 0.2759
Tetrafluoroetano (R-134a) CF3CH2F 102.03 0.08149 374.2 4.059 0.1993
Triclorofluorometano (R-11) CCl3F 137.37 0.06052 471.2 4.38 0.2478
Xenón Xe 131.30 0.06332 289.8 5.88 0.1186

* La unidad en kJ/kg · K es equivalente a kPa · m3/kg · K. La constante de gas se calcula de R  Ru  /M, donde Ru  8.31447 kJ/kmol · K y M es la masa
molar.
Fuente: K. A. Kobe y R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review 52 (1953), pp. 117–236; y ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals (Atlanta, GA: Sociedad America-
na de Ingenieros de Calefacción, Refrigeración y Acondicionamiento de Aire, Inc., 1993), pp. 16.4 y 36.1.
 899
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-2
Calores específicos de gas ideal de varios gases comunes
a) A 300 K
Constante de gas, R cp cv
Gas Fórmula kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k
Aire — 0.2870 1.005 0.718 1.400
Argón Ar 0.2081 0.5203 0.3122 1.667
Butano C4H10 0.1433 1.7164 1.5734 1.091
Dióxido de carbono CO2 0.1889 0.846 0.657 1.289
Etano C2H6 0.2765 1.7662 1.4897 1.186
Etileno C2H4 0.2964 1.5482 1.2518 1.237
Helio He 2.0769 5.1926 3.1156 1.667
Hidrógeno H2 4.1240 14.307 10.183 1.405
Metano CH4 0.5182 2.2537 1.7354 1.299
Monóxido de carbono CO 0.2968 1.040 0.744 1.400
Neón Ne 0.4119 1.0299 0.6179 1.667
Nitrógeno N2 0.2968 1.039 0.743 1.400
Octano C8H18 0.0729 1.7113 1.6385 1.044
Oxígeno O2 0.2598 0.918 0.658 1.395
Propano C3H8 0.1885 1.6794 1.4909 1.126
Vapor H2O 0.4615 1.8723 1.4108 1.327

Nota: La unidad kJ/kg · K es equivalente a kJ/kg · °C.

Fuente: Kyle, B.G., Chemical and Process Thermodynamics, 3a. ed. (Prentice Hall, 2000. Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey).
 900
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-2
Calores específicos de gas ideal de varios gases comunes (continuación)
b) A diversas temperaturas
cp cv cp cv c p cv
kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k kJ/kg · K kJ/kg · K k
Temperatura,
K Aire Dióxido de carbono, CO2 Monóxido de carbono, CO
  250 1.003 0.716 1.401 0.791 0.602 1.314 1.039 0.743 1.400
  300 1.005 0.718 1.400 0.846 0.657 1.288 1.040 0.744 1.399
  350 1.008 0.721 1.398 0.895 0.706 1.268 1.043 0.746 1.398
  400 1.013 0.726 1.395 0.939 0.750 1.252 1.047 0.751 1.395
  450 1.020 0.733 1.391 0.978 0.790 1.239 1.054 0.757 1.392
  500 1.029 0.742 1.387 1.014 0.825 1.229 1.063 0.767 1.387
  550 1.040 0.753 1.381 1.046 0.857 1.220 1.075 0.778 1.382
  600 1.051 0.764 1.376 1.075 0.886 1.213 1.087 0.790 1.376
  650 1.063 0.776 1.370 1.102 0.913 1.207 1.100 0.803 1.370
  700 1.075 0.788 1.364 1.126 0.937 1.202 1.113 0.816 1.364
  750 1.087 0.800 1.359 1.148 0.959 1.197 1.126 0.829 1.358
  800 1.099 0.812 1.354 1.169 0.980 1.193 1.139 0.842 1.353
  900 1.121 0.834 1.344 1.204 1.015 1.186 1.163 0.866 1.343
1000 1.142 0.855 1.336 1.234 1.045 1.181 1.185 0.888 1.335
Hidrógeno, H2 Nitrógeno, N2 Oxígeno, O2
  250 14.051 9.927 1.416 1.039 0.742 1.400 0.913 0.653 1.398
  300 14.307 10.183 1.405 1.039 0.743 1.400 0.918 0.658 1.395
  350 14.427 10.302 1.400 1.041 0.744 1.399 0.928 0.668 1.389
  400 14.476 10.352 1.398 1.044 0.747 1.397 0.941 0.681 1.382
  450 14.501 10.377 1.398 1.049 0.752 1.395 0.956 0.696 1.373
  500 14.513 10.389 1.397 1.056 0.759 1.391 0.972 0.712 1.365
  550 14.530 10.405 1.396 1.065 0.768 1.387 0.988 0.728 1.358
  600 14.546 10.422 1.396 1.075 0.778 1.382 1.003 0.743 1.350
  650 14.571 10.447 1.395 1.086 0.789 1.376 1.017 0.758 1.343
  700 14.604 10.480 1.394 1.098 0.801 1.371 1.031 0.771 1.337
  750 14.645 10.521 1.392 1.110 0.813 1.365 1.043 0.783 1.332
  800 14.695 10.570 1.390 1.121 0.825 1.360 1.054 0.794 1.327
  900 14.822 10.698 1.385 1.145 0.849 1.349 1.074 0.814 1.319
1000 14.983 10.859 1.380 1.167 0.870 1.341 1.090 0.830 1.313

Fuente: Kenneth Wark, Thermodynamics, 4a. ed., Nueva York, McGraw-Hill, 1983, p. 783, Tabla A-4M. Publicada originalmente en Tables of Thermal
Properties of Gases, NBS Circular 564, 1955.
 901
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-2
Calores específicos de gas ideal de varios gases comunes (conclusión)
c) Como una función de la temperatura
_
cp  a  bT  cT 2  dT 3
(T en K, cp en kJ/kmol · K)

% de error
Rango de
Sustancia Fórmula a b c d temp., K Máx. Prom.
Acetileno C2H2 21.8 9.2143  102 6.527  105 18.21  109 273-1500 1.46 0.59
Aire — 28.11 0.1967  102 0.4802  105 1.966  109 273-1800 0.72 0.33
Amoniaco NH3 27.568 2.5630  102 0.99072  105 6.6909  109 273-1500 0.91 0.36
Azufre S 2 27.21 2.218  102 1.628  105 3.986  109 273-1800 0.99 0.38
Benceno C6H6 36.22 48.475  102 31.57  105 77.62  109 273-1500 0.34 0.20
i-Butano C4H10 7.913 41.60  102 23.01  105 49.91  109 273-1500 0.25 0.13
n-Butano C4H10 3.96 37.15  102 18.34  105 35.00  109 273-1500 0.54 0.24
Cloruro de
  hidrógeno HCl 30.33 0.7620  102 1.327  105 4.338  109 273-1500 0.22 0.08
Dióxido de
  azufre SO2 25.78 5.795  102 3.812  105 8.612  109 273-1800 0.45 0.24
Dióxido de
  carbono CO2 22.26 5.981  102 3.501  105 7.469  109 273-1800 0.67 0.22
Dióxido de
  nitrógeno NO2 22.9 5.715  102 3.52  105 7.87  109 273-1500 0.46 0.18
Etano C2H6 6.900 17.27  102 6.406  105 7.285  109 273-1500 0.83 0.28
Etanol C2H6O 19.9 20.96  102 10.38  105 20.05  109 273-1500 0.40 0.22
Etileno C2H4 3.95 15.64  102 8.344  105 17.67  109 273-1500 0.54 0.13
n-Hexano C6H14 6.938 55.22  102 28.65  105 57.69  109 273-1500 0.72 0.20
Hidrógeno H 2 29.11 0.1916  102 0.4003  105 0.8704  109 273-1800 1.01 0.26
Metano CH4 19.89 5.024  102 1.269  105 11.01  109 273-1500 1.33 0.57
Metanol CH4O 19.0 9.152  102 1.22  105 8.039  109 273-1000 0.18 0.08
Monóxido de
  carbono CO 28.16 0.1675  102 0.5372  105 2.222  109 273-1800 0.89 0.37
Nitrógeno N 2 28.90 0.1571  102 0.8081  105 2.873  109 273-1800 0.59 0.34
Óxido nítrico NO 29.34 0.09395  102 0.9747  105 4.187  109 273-1500 0.97 0.36
Óxido nitroso N2O 24.11 5.8632  102 3.562  105 10.58  109 273-1500 0.59 0.26
Oxígeno O 2 25.48 1.520  102 0.7155  105 1.312  109 273-1800 1.19 0.28
n-Pentano C5H12 6.774 45.43  102 22.46  105 42.29  109 273-1500 0.56 0.21
Propano C3H8 4.04 30.48  102 15.72  105 31.74  109 273-1500 0.40 0.12
Propileno C3H6 3.15 23.83  102 12.18  105 24.62  109 273-1500 0.73 0.17
Trióxido de
  azufre SO3 16.40 14.58  102 11.20  105 32.42  109 273-1300 0.29 0.13
Agua (vapor) H2O 32.24 0.1923  102 1.055  105 3.595  109 273-1800 0.53 0.24

Fuente: B. G. Kyle, Chemical and Process Thermodynamics, Englewood Cliffs, Nueva Jersey, Prentice Hall, 1984.
 902
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-3
Propiedades de líquidos, sólidos y alimentos comunes
a) Líquidos
Datos de ebullición a 1 atm Datos de congelación Propiedades de líquidos
Punto Calor latente de Punto Calor latente Calor
de ebulli- vaporización de conge- de fusión Temperatura, Densidad específico
Sustancia ción normal, °C hfg , kJ/kg lación, °C hif , kJ/kg °C r, kg/m3 cp, kJ/kg · K
Aceite comestible
(ligero) 25 910 1.80
Agua 100 2257 0.0 333.7 0 1000 4.22
25 997 4.18
50 988 4.18
75 975 4.19
100 958 4.22
Alcohol etílico 78.6 855 156 108 20 789 2.84
Amoniaco 33.3 1357 77.7 322.4 33.3 682 4.43
20 665 4.52
0 639 4.60
25 602 4.80
Argón 185.9 161.6 189.3 28 185.6 1394 1.14
Benceno 80.2 394 5.5 126 20 879 1.72
n-Butano 0.5 385.2 138.5 80.3 0.5 601 2.31
Dióxido de carbono 78.4* 230.5 (a 0°C) 56.6 0 298 0.59
Etanol 78.2 838.3 114.2 109 25 783 2.46
Etilén glicol 198.1 800.1 10.8 181.1 20 1109 2.84
Glicerina 179.9 974 18.9 200.6 20 1261 2.32
Helio 268.9 22.8 — — 268.9 146.2 22.8
Hidrógeno 252.8 445.7 259.2 59.5 252.8 70.7 10.0
Isobutano 11.7 367.1 160 105.7 11.7 593.8 2.28
Mercurio 356.7 294.7 38.9 11.4 25 13,560 0.139
Metano 161.5 510.4 182.2 58.4 161.5 423 3.49
100 301 5.79
Metanol 64.5 1100 97.7 99.2 25 787 2.55
Nitrógeno 195.8 198.6 210 25.3 195.8 809 2.06
160 596 2.97
Octano 124.8 306.3 57.5 180.7 20 703 2.10
Oxígeno 183 212.7 218.8 13.7 183 1141 1.71
Petróleo — 230–384 20 640 2.0
Propano 42.1 427.8 187.7 80.0 42.1 581 2.25
0 529 2.53
50 449 3.13
Queroseno 204-293 251 24.9 — 20 820 2.00
Refrigerante 134a 26.1 217.0 96.6 — 50 1443 1.23
Salmuera (20% de
cloruro de sodio
a base másica) 103.9 — 17.4 — 20 1150 3.11
26.1 1374 1.27
0 1295 1.34
25 1207 1.43

* Temperatura de sublimación. (A presiones por debajo de la presión de punto triple de 518 kPa, el dióxido de carbono existe como un sólido o un gas. También,
la temperatura de punto de congelamiento del dióxido de carbono es la temperatura de punto triple de –56.5°C.)
 903
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-3
Propiedades de líquidos, sólidos y alimentos comunes (conclusión)
b) Sólidos (los valores son para temperatura ambiente, excepto que se indique otra cosa)
Densidad, Calor específico, Densidad, Calor específico,
Sustancia r kg/m3 cp kJ/kg · K Sustancia r kg/m3 cp kJ/kg · K

Metales No metales

Acero dulce 7,830 0.500 Arena 1520 0.800

Aluminio Arcilla 1000 0.920
   200 K 0.797 Asfalto 2110 0.920
   250 K 0.859 Caucho (blando) 1100 1.840
   300 K 2,700 0.902 Caucho (duro) 1150 2.009
   350 K 0.929 Concreto 2300 0.653
   400 K 0.949 Diamante 2420 0.616
   450 K 0.973 Grafito 2500 0.711
   500 K 0.997 Granito 2700 1.017
Bronce (76% Cu, 2% Zn, 8,280 0.400 Hielo
  2% Al)    200 K 1.56
Cobre    220 K 1.71
   173°C 0.254    240 K 1.86
   100°C 0.342    260 K 2.01
   50°C 0.367    273 K 921 2.11
   0°C 0.381 Ladrillo común 1922 0.79
   27°C 8,900 0.386 Ladrillo refractario (500 °C) 2300 0.960
    100°C 0.393 Madera contrachapada
   200°C 0.403    (abeto Douglas) 545 1.21
Hierro 7,840 0.45 Maderas duras (maple, encino, etc.) 721 1.26
Latón amarillo (65% Cu, 8,310 0.400 Maderas suaves (abeto, pino, etc.) 513 1.38
  35% Zn) Mármol 2600 0.880
Magnesio 1,730 1.000 Piedra 1500 0.800
Níquel 8,890 0.440 Piedra caliza 1650 0.909
Plata 10,470 0.235 Vidrio para ventanas 2700 0.800
Plomo 11,310 0.128 Vidrio pirex 2230 0.840
Tungsteno 19,400 0.130 Yeso o tabla de yeso 800 1.0

c) Alimentos
   Calor específico,   Calor específico,
      kJ/kg · K     kJ/kg · K
Por encima Por debajo Calor Por encima Por debajo Calor
Contenido Punto del punto del punto latente Contenido Punto del punto del punto latente
de agua, de conge- de conge- de conge- de fusión, de agua, de conge- de conge- de conge- de fusión,
Alimentos % (masa) lación, °C lación lación kJ/kg Alimentos % (masa) lación, °C lación lación kJ/kg

Brócoli 90 0.6 3.86 1.97 301 Helado 63 5.6 2.95 1.63 210
Camarón 83 2.2 3.62 1.89 277 Mantequilla 16 — — 1.04   53
Carne de pollo 74 2.8 3.32 1.77 247 Manzanas 84 1.1 3.65 1.90 281
Carne de res 67 — 3.08 1.68 224 Naranjas 87 0.8 3.75 1.94 291
Cerezas 80 1.8 3.52 1.85 267 Papas 78 0.6 3.45 1.82 261
Espinaca 93 0.3 3.96 2.01 311 Pavo 64 — 2.98 1.65 214
Fresas 90 0.8 3.86 1.97 301 Plátanos 75 0.8 3.35 1.78 251
Huevo entero 74 0.6 3.32 1.77 247 Queso suizo 39 10.0 2.15 1.33 130
Leche entera 88 0.6 3.79 1.95 294 Salmón 64 2.2 2.98 1.65 214
Lechuga 95 0.2 4.02 2.04 317 Sandía 93 0.4 3.96 2.01 311
Maíz dulce 74 0.6 3.32 1.77 247 Tomates (maduros) 94 0.5 3.99 2.02 314

Fuente: Los valores han sido obtenidos de varios manuales y otras fuentes, o se han calculado. El contenido de agua y los datos de punto de congelación para
alimentos provienen del ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals, versión SI, Atlanta, Georgia, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers, Inc., 1993, Capítulo 30, Tabla 1. El punto de congelación es la temperatura a la que comienza la congelación para frutas y verduras, así como la
temperatura promedio de congelación para otros alimentos.
 904
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-4
Agua saturada. Tabla de temperaturas
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K
Pres. Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor
Temp., sat., sat., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat.,
T °C Psat kPa vf vg uf ufg u g h f hfg hg sf sfg sg
0.01 0.6117 0.001000 206.00 0.000 2374.9 2374.9 0.001 2500.9 2500.9 0.0000 9.1556 9.1556
5 0.8725 0.001000 147.03 21.019 2360.8 2381.8 21.020 2489.1 2510.1 0.0763 8.9487 9.0249
10 1.2281 0.001000 106.32 42.020 2346.6 2388.7 42.022 2477.2 2519.2 0.1511 8.7488 8.8999
15 1.7057 0.001001 77.885 62.980 2332.5 2395.5 62.982 2465.4 2528.3 0.2245 8.5559 8.7803
20 2.3392 0.001002 57.762 83.913 2318.4 2402.3 83.915 2453.5 2537.4 0.2965 8.3696 8.6661
25 3.1698 0.001003 43.340 104.83 2304.3 2409.1 104.83 2441.7 2546.5 0.3672 8.1895 8.5567
30 4.2469 0.001004 32.879 125.73 2290.2 2415.9 125.74 2429.8 2555.6 0.4368 8.0152 8.4520
35 5.6291 0.001006 25.205 146.63 2276.0 2422.7 146.64 2417.9 2564.6 0.5051 7.8466 8.3517
40 7.3851 0.001008 19.515 167.53 2261.9 2429.4 167.53 2406.0 2573.5 0.5724 7.6832 8.2556
45 9.5953 0.001010 15.251 188.43 2247.7 2436.1 188.44 2394.0 2582.4 0.6386 7.5247 8.1633
50 12.352 0.001012 12.026 209.33 2233.4 2442.7 209.34 2382.0 2591.3 0.7038 7.3710 8.0748
55 15.763 0.001015 9.5639 230.24 2219.1 2449.3 230.26 2369.8 2600.1 0.7680 7.2218 7.9898
60 19.947 0.001017 7.6670 251.16 2204.7 2455.9 251.18 2357.7 2608.8 0.8313 7.0769 7.9082
65 25.043 0.001020 6.1935 272.09 2190.3 2462.4 272.12 2345.4 2617.5 0.8937 6.9360 7.8296
70 31.202 0.001023 5.0396 293.04 2175.8 2468.9 293.07 2333.0 2626.1 0.9551 6.7989 7.7540
75 38.597 0.001026 4.1291 313.99 2161.3 2475.3 314.03 2320.6 2634.6 1.0158 6.6655 7.6812
80 47.416 0.001029 3.4053 334.97 2146.6 2481.6 335.02 2308.0 2643.0 1.0756 6.5355 7.6111
85 57.868 0.001032 2.8261 355.96 2131.9 2487.8 356.02 2295.3 2651.4 1.1346 6.4089 7.5435
90 70.183 0.001036 2.3593 376.97 2117.0 2494.0 377.04 2282.5 2659.6 1.1929 6.2853 7.4782
95 84.609 0.001040 1.9808 398.00 2102.0 2500.1 398.09 2269.6 2667.6 1.2504 6.1647 7.4151
100 101.42 0.001043 1.6720 419.06 2087.0 2506.0 419.17 2256.4 2675.6 1.3072 6.0470 7.3542
105 120.90 0.001047 1.4186 440.15 2071.8 2511.9 440.28 2243.1 2683.4 1.3634 5.9319 7.2952
110 143.38 0.001052 1.2094 461.27 2056.4 2517.7 461.42 2229.7 2691.1 1.4188 5.8193 7.2382
115 169.18 0.001056 1.0360 482.42 2040.9 2523.3 482.59 2216.0 2698.6 1.4737 5.7092 7.1829
120 198.67 0.001060 0.89133 503.60 2025.3 2528.9 503.81 2202.1 2706.0 1.5279 5.6013 7.1292
125 232.23 0.001065 0.77012 524.83 2009.5 2534.3 525.07 2188.1 2713.1 1.5816 5.4956 7.0771
130 270.28 0.001070 0.66808 546.10 1993.4 2539.5 546.38 2173.7 2720.1 1.6346 5.3919 7.0265
135 313.22 0.001075 0.58179 567.41 1977.3 2544.7 567.75 2159.1 2726.9 1.6872 5.2901 6.9773
140 361.53 0.001080 0.50850 588.77 1960.9 2549.6 589.16 2144.3 2733.5 1.7392 5.1901 6.9294
145 415.68 0.001085 0.44600 610.19 1944.2 2554.4 610.64 2129.2 2739.8 1.7908 5.0919 6.8827
150 476.16 0.001091 0.39248 631.66 1927.4 2559.1 632.18 2113.8 2745.9 1.8418 4.9953 6.8371
155 543.49 0.001096 0.34648 653.19 1910.3 2563.5 653.79 2098.0 2751.8 1.8924 4.9002 6.7927
160 618.23 0.001102 0.30680 674.79 1893.0 2567.8 675.47 2082.0 2757.5 1.9426 4.8066 6.7492
165 700.93 0.001108 0.27244 696.46 1875.4 2571.9 697.24 2065.6 2762.8 1.9923 4.7143 6.7067
170 792.18 0.001114 0.24260 718.20 1857.5 2575.7 719.08 2048.8 2767.9 2.0417 4.6233 6.6650
175 892.60 0.001121 0.21659 740.02 1839.4 2579.4 741.02 2031.7 2772.7 2.0906 4.5335 6.6242
180 1002.8 0.001127 0.19384 761.92 1820.9 2582.8 763.05 2014.2 2777.2 2.1392 4.4448 6.5841
185 1123.5 0.001134 0.17390 783.91 1802.1 2586.0 785.19 1996.2 2781.4 2.1875 4.3572 6.5447
190 1255.2 0.001141 0.15636 806.00 1783.0 2589.0 807.43 1977.9 2785.3 2.2355 4.2705 6.5059
195 1398.8 0.001149 0.14089 828.18 1763.6 2591.7 829.78 1959.0 2788.8 2.2831 4.1847 6.4678
200 1554.9 0.001157 0.12721 850.46 1743.7 2594.2 852.26 1939.8 2792.0 2.3305 4.0997 6.4302
 905
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-4
Agua saturada. Tabla de temperaturas (conclusión)
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K
Pres. Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor
Temp., sat., sat., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat.,
T °C Psat kPa vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg h g sf sfg sg
205 1724.3 0.001164 0.11508 872.86 1723.5 2596.4 874.87 1920.0 2794.8 2.3776 4.0154 6.3930
210 1907.7 0.001173 0.10429 895.38 1702.9 2598.3 897.61 1899.7 2797.3 2.4245 3.9318 6.3563
215 2105.9 0.001181 0.094680 918.02 1681.9 2599.9 920.50 1878.8 2799.3 2.4712 3.8489 6.3200
220 2319.6 0.001190 0.086094 940.79 1660.5 2601.3 943.55 1857.4 2801.0 2.5176 3.7664 6.2840
225 2549.7 0.001199 0.078405 963.70 1638.6 2602.3 966.76 1835.4 2802.2 2.5639 3.6844 6.2483
230 2797.1 0.001209 0.071505 986.76 1616.1 2602.9 990.14 1812.8 2802.9 2.6100 3.6028 6.2128
235 3062.6 0.001219 0.065300 1010.0 1593.2 2603.2 1013.7 1789.5 2803.2 2.6560 3.5216 6.1775
240 3347.0 0.001229 0.059707 1033.4 1569.8 2603.1 1037.5 1765.5 2803.0 2.7018 3.4405 6.1424
245 3651.2 0.001240 0.054656 1056.9 1545.7 2602.7 1061.5 1740.8 2802.2 2.7476 3.3596 6.1072
250 3976.2 0.001252 0.050085 1080.7 1521.1 2601.8 1085.7 1715.3 2801.0 2.7933 3.2788 6.0721
255 4322.9 0.001263 0.045941 1104.7 1495.8 2600.5 1110.1 1689.0 2799.1 2.8390 3.1979 6.0369
260 4692.3 0.001276 0.042175 1128.8 1469.9 2598.7 1134.8 1661.8 2796.6 2.8847 3.1169 6.0017
265 5085.3 0.001289 0.038748 1153.3 1443.2 2596.5 1159.8 1633.7 2793.5 2.9304 3.0358 5.9662
270 5503.0 0.001303 0.035622 1177.9 1415.7 2593.7 1185.1 1604.6 2789.7 2.9762 2.9542 5.9305
275 5946.4 0.001317 0.032767 1202.9 1387.4 2590.3 1210.7 1574.5 2785.2 3.0221 2.8723 5.8944
280 6416.6 0.001333 0.030153 1228.2 1358.2 2586.4 1236.7 1543.2 2779.9 3.0681 2.7898 5.8579
285 6914.6 0.001349 0.027756 1253.7 1328.1 2581.8 1263.1 1510.7 2773.7 3.1144 2.7066 5.8210
290 7441.8 0.001366 0.025554 1279.7 1296.9 2576.5 1289.8 1476.9 2766.7 3.1608 2.6225 5.7834
295 7999.0 0.001384 0.023528 1306.0 1264.5 2570.5 1317.1 1441.6 2758.7 3.2076 2.5374 5.7450
300 8587.9 0.001404 0.021659 1332.7 1230.9 2563.6 1344.8 1404.8 2749.6 3.2548 2.4511 5.7059
305 9209.4 0.001425 0.019932 1360.0 1195.9 2555.8 1373.1 1366.3 2739.4 3.3024 2.3633 5.6657
310 9865.0 0.001447 0.018333 1387.7 1159.3 2547.1 1402.0 1325.9 2727.9 3.3506 2.2737 5.6243
315 10,556 0.001472 0.016849 1416.1 1121.1 2537.2 1431.6 1283.4 2715.0 3.3994 2.1821 5.5816
320 11,284 0.001499 0.015470 1445.1 1080.9 2526.0 1462.0 1238.5 2700.6 3.4491 2.0881 5.5372
325 12,051 0.001528 0.014183 1475.0 1038.5 2513.4 1493.4 1191.0 2684.3 3.4998 1.9911 5.4908
330 12,858 0.001560 0.012979 1505.7 993.5 2499.2 1525.8 1140.3 2666.0 3.5516 1.8906 5.4422
335 13,707 0.001597 0.011848 1537.5 945.5 2483.0 1559.4 1086.0 2645.4 3.6050 1.7857 5.3907
340 14,601 0.001638 0.010783 1570.7 893.8 2464.5 1594.6 1027.4 2622.0 3.6602 1.6756 5.3358
345 15,541 0.001685 0.009772 1605.5 837.7 2443.2 1631.7 963.4 2595.1 3.7179 1.5585 5.2765
350 16,529 0.001741 0.008806 1642.4 775.9 2418.3 1671.2 892.7 2563.9 3.7788 1.4326 5.2114
355 17,570 0.001808 0.007872 1682.2 706.4 2388.6 1714.0 812.9 2526.9 3.8442 1.2942 5.1384
360 18,666 0.001895 0.006950 1726.2 625.7 2351.9 1761.5 720.1 2481.6 3.9165 1.1373 5.0537
365 19,822 0.002015 0.006009 1777.2 526.4 2303.6 1817.2 605.5 2422.7 4.0004 0.9489 4.9493
370 21,044 0.002217 0.004953 1844.5 385.6 2230.1 1891.2 443.1 2334.3 4.1119 0.6890 4.8009
373.95 22,064 0.003106 0.003106 2015.7 0 2015.7 2084.3 0 2084.3 4.4070 0 4.4070

Fuente: Las tablas A-4 a A-8 fueron generadas utilizando el programa para resolver ecuaciones de ingeniería (EES) desarrollado por S. A. Klein y F. L. Alvarado.
La rutina utilizada en los cálculos es la altamente precisa Steam_IAPWS, que incorpora la Formulación 1995 para las Propiedades Termodinámicas de la
Sustancia Agua Ordinaria para Uso Científico y General, editada por The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS). Esta
formulación reemplaza a la formulación de 1984 de Haar, Gallagher y Kell (NBS/NRC Steam Tables, Hemisphere Publishing Co., 1984), la cual está también
disponible en EES como la rutina STEAM. La nueva formulación se basa en las correlaciones de Saul y Wagner (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 16, 893, 1987) con
modificaciones para ajustarla a la Escala Internacional de Temperaturas de 1990. Las modificaciones están descritas por Wagner y Pruss (J. Phys. Chem. Ref.
Data, 22, 783, 1993). Las propiedades del hielo están basadas en Hyland y Wexler, “Formulations for the Thermodynamic Properties of the Saturated Phases of
H2O from 173.15 K to 473.15 K”, ASHRAE Trans., Part 2A, Paper 2793, 1983.
 906
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-5
Agua saturada. Tabla de presiones
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K
Temp. Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor
Pres., sat., sat., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat, Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat.,
P kPa Tsat °C vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg s f sfg sg
1.0 6.97 0.001000 129.19 29.302 2355.2 2384.5 29.303 2484.4 2513.7 0.1059 8.8690 8.9749
1.5 13.02 0.001001 87.964 54.686 2338.1 2392.8 54.688 2470.1 2524.7 0.1956 8.6314 8.8270
2.0 17.50 0.001001 66.990 73.431 2325.5 2398.9 73.433 2459.5 2532.9 0.2606 8.4621 8.7227
2.5 21.08 0.001002 54.242 88.422 2315.4 2403.8 88.424 2451.0 2539.4 0.3118 8.3302 8.6421
3.0 24.08 0.001003 45.654 100.98 2306.9 2407.9 100.98 2443.9 2544.8 0.3543 8.2222 8.5765
4.0 28.96 0.001004 34.791 121.39 2293.1 2414.5 121.39 2432.3 2553.7 0.4224 8.0510 8.4734
5.0 32.87 0.001005 28.185 137.75 2282.1 2419.8 137.75 2423.0 2560.7 0.4762 7.9176 8.3938
7.5 40.29 0.001008 19.233 168.74 2261.1 2429.8 168.75 2405.3 2574.0 0.5763 7.6738 8.2501
10 45.81 0.001010 14.670 191.79 2245.4 2437.2 191.81 2392.1 2583.9 0.6492 7.4996 8.1488
15 53.97 0.001014 10.020 225.93 2222.1 2448.0 225.94 2372.3 2598.3 0.7549 7.2522 8.0071
20 60.06 0.001017 7.6481 251.40 2204.6 2456.0 251.42 2357.5 2608.9 0.8320 7.0752 7.9073
25 64.96 0.001020 6.2034 271.93 2190.4 2462.4 271.96 2345.5 2617.5 0.8932 6.9370 7.8302
30 69.09 0.001022 5.2287 289.24 2178.5 2467.7 289.27 2335.3 2624.6 0.9441 6.8234 7.7675
40 75.86 0.001026 3.9933 317.58 2158.8 2476.3 317.62 2318.4 2636.1 1.0261 6.6430 7.6691
50 81.32 0.001030 3.2403 340.49 2142.7 2483.2 340.54 2304.7 2645.2 1.0912 6.5019 7.5931
75 91.76 0.001037 2.2172 384.36 2111.8 2496.1 384.44 2278.0 2662.4 1.2132 6.2426 7.4558
100 99.61 0.001043 1.6941 417.40 2088.2 2505.6 417.51 2257.5 2675.0 1.3028 6.0562 7.3589
101.325 99.97 0.001043 1.6734 418.95 2087.0 2506.0 419.06 2256.5 2675.6 1.3069 6.0476 7.3545
125 105.97 0.001048 1.3750 444.23 2068.8 2513.0 444.36 2240.6 2684.9 1.3741 5.9100 7.2841
150 111.35 0.001053 1.1594 466.97 2052.3 2519.2 467.13 2226.0 2693.1 1.4337 5.7894 7.2231
175 116.04 0.001057 1.0037 486.82 2037.7 2524.5 487.01 2213.1 2700.2 1.4850 5.6865 7.1716
200 120.21 0.001061 0.88578 504.50 2024.6 2529.1 504.71 2201.6 2706.3 1.5302 5.5968 7.1270
225 123.97 0.001064 0.79329 520.47 2012.7 2533.2 520.71 2191.0 2711.7 1.5706 5.5171 7.0877
250 127.41 0.001067 0.71873 535.08 2001.8 2536.8 535.35 2181.2 2716.5 1.6072 5.4453 7.0525
275 130.58 0.001070 0.65732 548.57 1991.6 2540.1 548.86 2172.0 2720.9 1.6408 5.3800 7.0207
300 133.52 0.001073 0.60582 561.11 1982.1 2543.2 561.43 2163.5 2724.9 1.6717 5.3200 6.9917
325 136.27 0.001076 0.56199 572.84 1973.1 2545.9 573.19 2155.4 2728.6 1.7005 5.2645 6.9650
350 138.86 0.001079 0.52422 583.89 1964.6 2548.5 584.26 2147.7 2732.0 1.7274 5.2128 6.9402
375 141.30 0.001081 0.49133 594.32 1956.6 2550.9 594.73 2140.4 2735.1 1.7526 5.1645 6.9171
400 143.61 0.001084 0.46242 604.22 1948.9 2553.1 604.66 2133.4 2738.1 1.7765 5.1191 6.8955
450 147.90 0.001088 0.41392 622.65 1934.5 2557.1 623.14 2120.3 2743.4 1.8205 5.0356 6.8561
500 151.83 0.001093 0.37483 639.54 1921.2 2560.7 640.09 2108.0 2748.1 1.8604 4.9603 6.8207
550 155.46 0.001097 0.34261 655.16 1908.8 2563.9 655.77 2096.6 2752.4 1.8970 4.8916 6.7886
600 158.83 0.001101 0.31560 669.72 1897.1 2566.8 670.38 2085.8 2756.2 1.9308 4.8285 6.7593
650 161.98 0.001104 0.29260 683.37 1886.1 2569.4 684.08 2075.5 2759.6 1.9623 4.7699 6.7322
700 164.95 0.001108 0.27278 696.23 1875.6 2571.8 697.00 2065.8 2762.8 1.9918 4.7153 6.7071
750 167.75 0.001111 0.25552 708.40 1865.6 2574.0 709.24 2056.4 2765.7 2.0195 4.6642 6.6837
 907
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-5
Agua saturada. Tabla de presiones (conclusión)
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K
Temp. Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor
Pres., sat., sat., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat, Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat.,
P kPa Tsat °C vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg h g sf sfg sg
    800 170.41 0.001115 0.24035 719.97 1856.1 2576.0 720.87 2047.5 2768.3 2.0457 4.6160 6.6616
    850 172.94 0.001118 0.22690 731.00 1846.9 2577.9 731.95 2038.8 2770.8 2.0705 4.5705 6.6409
    900 175.35 0.001121 0.21489 741.55 1838.1 2579.6 742.56 2030.5 2773.0 2.0941 4.5273 6.6213
    950 177.66 0.001124 0.20411 751.67 1829.6 2581.3 752.74 2022.4 2775.2 2.1166 4.4862 6.6027
  1000 179.88 0.001127 0.19436 761.39 1821.4 2582.8 762.51 2014.6 2777.1 2.1381 4.4470 6.5850
  1100 184.06 0.001133 0.17745 779.78 1805.7 2585.5 781.03 1999.6 2780.7 2.1785 4.3735 6.5520
  1200 187.96 0.001138 0.16326 796.96 1790.9 2587.8 798.33 1985.4 2783.8 2.2159 4.3058 6.5217
  1300 191.60 0.001144 0.15119 813.10 1776.8 2589.9 814.59 1971.9 2786.5 2.2508 4.2428 6.4936
  1400 195.04 0.001149 0.14078 828.35 1763.4 2591.8 829.96 1958.9 2788.9 2.2835 4.1840 6.4675
  1500 198.29 0.001154 0.13171 842.82 1750.6 2593.4 844.55 1946.4 2791.0 2.3143 4.1287 6.4430
  1750 205.72 0.001166 0.11344 876.12 1720.6 2596.7 878.16 1917.1 2795.2 2.3844 4.0033 6.3877
  2000 212.38 0.001177 0.099587 906.12 1693.0 2599.1 908.47 1889.8 2798.3 2.4467 3.8923 6.3390
  2250 218.41 0.001187 0.088717 933.54 1667.3 2600.9 936.21 1864.3 2800.5 2.5029 3.7926 6.2954
  2500 223.95 0.001197 0.079952 958.87 1643.2 2602.1 961.87 1840.1 2801.9 2.5542 3.7016 6.2558
  3000 233.85 0.001217 0.066667 1004.6 1598.5 2603.2 1008.3 1794.9 2803.2 2.6454 3.5402 6.1856
  3500 242.56 0.001235 0.057061 1045.4 1557.6 2603.0 1049.7 1753.0 2802.7 2.7253 3.3991 6.1244
  4000 250.35 0.001252 0.049779 1082.4 1519.3 2601.7 1087.4 1713.5 2800.8 2.7966 3.2731 6.0696
  5000 263.94 0.001286 0.039448 1148.1 1448.9 2597.0 1154.5 1639.7 2794.2 2.9207 3.0530 5.9737
  6000 275.59 0.001319 0.032449 1205.8 1384.1 2589.9 1213.8 1570.9 2784.6 3.0275 2.8627 5.8902
  7000 285.83 0.001352 0.027378 1258.0 1323.0 2581.0 1267.5 1505.2 2772.6 3.1220 2.6927 5.8148
  8000 295.01 0.001384 0.023525 1306.0 1264.5 2570.5 1317.1 1441.6 2758.7 3.2077 2.5373 5.7450
  9000 303.35 0.001418 0.020489 1350.9 1207.6 2558.5 1363.7 1379.3 2742.9 3.2866 2.3925 5.6791
10,000 311.00 0.001452 0.018028 1393.3 1151.8 2545.2 1407.8 1317.6 2725.5 3.3603 2.2556 5.6159
11,000 318.08 0.001488 0.015988 1433.9 1096.6 2530.4 1450.2 1256.1 2706.3 3.4299 2.1245 5.5544
12,000 324.68 0.001526 0.014264 1473.0 1041.3 2514.3 1491.3 1194.1 2685.4 3.4964 1.9975 5.4939
13,000 330.85 0.001566 0.012781 1511.0 985.5 2496.6 1531.4 1131.3 2662.7 3.5606 1.8730 5.4336
14,000 336.67 0.001610 0.011487 1548.4 928.7 2477.1 1571.0 1067.0 2637.9 3.6232 1.7497 5.3728
15,000 342.16 0.001657 0.010341 1585.5 870.3 2455.7 1610.3 1000.5 2610.8 3.6848 1.6261 5.3108
16,000 347.36 0.001710 0.009312 1622.6 809.4 2432.0 1649.9 931.1 2581.0 3.7461 1.5005 5.2466
17,000 352.29 0.001770 0.008374 1660.2 745.1 2405.4 1690.3 857.4 2547.7 3.8082 1.3709 5.1791
18,000 356.99 0.001840 0.007504 1699.1 675.9 2375.0 1732.2 777.8 2510.0 3.8720 1.2343 5.1064
19,000 361.47 0.001926 0.006677 1740.3 598.9 2339.2 1776.8 689.2 2466.0 3.9396 1.0860 5.0256
20,000 365.75 0.002038 0.005862 1785.8 509.0 2294.8 1826.6 585.5 2412.1 4.0146 0.9164 4.9310
21,000 369.83 0.002207 0.004994 1841.6 391.9 2233.5 1888.0 450.4 2338.4 4.1071 0.7005 4.8076
22,000 373.71 0.002703 0.003644 1951.7 140.8 2092.4 2011.1 161.5 2172.6 4.2942 0.2496 4.5439
22,064 373.95 0.003106 0.003106 2015.7 0 2015.7 2084.3 0 2084.3 4.4070 0 4.4070
 908
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-6
Vapor de agua sobrecalentado
T v u h s v u h s v u h s
°C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K
P  0.01 MPa (45.81 °C)* P  0.05 MPa (81.32 °C) P  0.10 MPa (99.61 °C)
Sat.† 14.670 2437.2 2583.9 8.1488 3.2403 2483.2 2645.2 7.5931 1.6941 2505.6 2675.0 7.3589
50 14.867 2443.3 2592.0 8.1741
  100 17.196 2515.5 2687.5 8.4489 3.4187 2511.5 2682.4 7.6953 1.6959 2506.2 2675.8 7.3611
150 19.513 2587.9 2783.0 8.6893 3.8897 2585.7 2780.2 7.9413 1.9367 2582.9 2776.6 7.6148
200 21.826 2661.4 2879.6 8.9049 4.3562 2660.0 2877.8 8.1592 2.1724 2658.2 2875.5 7.8356
250 24.136 2736.1 2977.5 9.1015 4.8206 2735.1 2976.2 8.3568 2.4062 2733.9 2974.5 8.0346
300 26.446 2812.3 3076.7 9.2827 5.2841 2811.6 3075.8 8.5387 2.6389 2810.7 3074.5 8.2172
400 31.063 2969.3 3280.0 9.6094 6.2094 2968.9 3279.3 8.8659 3.1027 2968.3 3278.6 8.5452
500 35.680 3132.9 3489.7 9.8998 7.1338 3132.6 3489.3 9.1566 3.5655 3132.2 3488.7 8.8362
600 40.296 3303.3 3706.3 10.1631 8.0577 3303.1 3706.0 9.4201 4.0279 3302.8 3705.6 9.0999
700 44.911 3480.8 3929.9 10.4056 8.9813 3480.6 3929.7 9.6626 4.4900 3480.4 3929.4 9.3424
800 49.527 3665.4 4160.6 10.6312 9.9047 3665.2 4160.4 9.8883 4.9519 3665.0 4160.2 9.5682
900 54.143 3856.9 4398.3 10.8429 10.8280 3856.8 4398.2 10.1000 5.4137 3856.7 4398.0 9.7800
1000 58.758 4055.3 4642.8 11.0429 11.7513 4055.2 4642.7 10.3000 5.8755 4055.0 4642.6 9.9800
1100 63.373 4260.0 4893.8 11.2326 12.6745 4259.9 4893.7 10.4897 6.3372 4259.8 4893.6 10.1698
1200 67.989 4470.9 5150.8 11.4132 13.5977 4470.8 5150.7 10.6704 6.7988 4470.7 5150.6 10.3504
1300 72.604 4687.4 5413.4 11.5857 14.5209 4687.3 5413.3 10.8429 7.2605 4687.2 5413.3 10.5229

P  0.20 MPa (120.21 °C) P  0.30 MPa (133.52 °C) P  0.40 MPa (143.61 °C)
Sat. 0.88578 2529.1 2706.3 7.1270 0.60582 2543.2 2724.9 6.9917 0.46242 2553.1 2738.1 6.8955
  150 0.95986 2577.1 2769.1 7.2810 0.63402 2571.0 2761.2 7.0792 0.47088 2564.4 2752.8 6.9306
  200 1.08049 2654.6 2870.7 7.5081 0.71643 2651.0 2865.9 7.3132 0.53434 2647.2 2860.9 7.1723
  250 1.19890 2731.4 2971.2 7.7100 0.79645 2728.9 2967.9 7.5180 0.59520 2726.4 2964.5 7.3804
  300 1.31623 2808.8 3072.1 7.8941 0.87535 2807.0 3069.6 7.7037 0.65489 2805.1 3067.1 7.5677
  400 1.54934 2967.2 3277.0 8.2236 1.03155 2966.0 3275.5 8.0347 0.77265 2964.9 3273.9 7.9003
  500 1.78142 3131.4 3487.7 8.5153 1.18672 3130.6 3486.6 8.3271 0.88936 3129.8 3485.5 8.1933
  600 2.01302 3302.2 3704.8 8.7793 1.34139 3301.6 3704.0 8.5915 1.00558 3301.0 3703.3 8.4580
  700 2.24434 3479.9 3928.8 9.0221 1.49580 3479.5 3928.2 8.8345 1.12152 3479.0 3927.6 8.7012
  800 2.47550 3664.7 4159.8 9.2479 1.65004 3664.3 4159.3 9.0605 1.23730 3663.9 4158.9 8.9274
  900 2.70656 3856.3 4397.7 9.4598 1.80417 3856.0 4397.3 9.2725 1.35298 3855.7 4396.9 9.1394
1000 2.93755 4054.8 4642.3 9.6599 1.95824 4054.5 4642.0 9.4726 1.46859 4054.3 4641.7 9.3396
1100 3.16848 4259.6 4893.3 9.8497 2.11226 4259.4 4893.1 9.6624 1.58414 4259.2 4892.9 9.5295
1200 3.39938 4470.5 5150.4 10.0304 2.26624 4470.3 5150.2 9.8431 1.69966 4470.2 5150.0 9.7102
1300 3.63026 4687.1 5413.1 10.2029 2.42019 4686.9 5413.0 10.0157 1.81516 4686.7 5412.8 9.8828

P  0.50 MPa (151.83 °C) P  0.60 MPa (158.83 °C) P  0.80 MPa (170.41 °C)
Sat. 0.37483 2560.7 2748.1 6.8207 0.31560 2566.8 2756.2 6.7593 0.24035 2576.0 2768.3 6.6616
  200 0.42503 2643.3 2855.8 7.0610 0.35212 2639.4 2850.6 6.9683 0.26088 2631.1 2839.8 6.8177
  250 0.47443 2723.8 2961.0 7.2725 0.39390 2721.2 2957.6 7.1833 0.29321 2715.9 2950.4 7.0402
  300 0.52261 2803.3 3064.6 7.4614 0.43442 2801.4 3062.0 7.3740 0.32416 2797.5 3056.9 7.2345
  350 0.57015 2883.0 3168.1 7.6346 0.47428 2881.6 3166.1 7.5481 0.35442 2878.6 3162.2 7.4107
  400 0.61731 2963.7 3272.4 7.7956 0.51374 2962.5 3270.8 7.7097 0.38429 2960.2 3267.7 7.5735
  500 0.71095 3129.0 3484.5 8.0893 0.59200 3128.2 3483.4 8.0041 0.44332 3126.6 3481.3 7.8692
  600 0.80409 3300.4 3702.5 8.3544 0.66976 3299.8 3701.7 8.2695 0.50186 3298.7 3700.1 8.1354
  700 0.89696 3478.6 3927.0 8.5978 0.74725 3478.1 3926.4 8.5132 0.56011 3477.2 3925.3 8.3794
  800 0.98966 3663.6 4158.4 8.8240 0.82457 3663.2 4157.9 8.7395 0.61820 3662.5 4157.0 8.6061
  900 1.08227 3855.4 4396.6 9.0362 0.90179 3855.1 4396.2 8.9518 0.67619 3854.5 4395.5 8.8185
1000 1.17480 4054.0 4641.4 9.2364 0.97893 4053.8 4641.1 9.1521 0.73411 4053.3 4640.5 9.0189
1100 1.26728 4259.0 4892.6 9.4263 1.05603 4258.8 4892.4 9.3420 0.79197 4258.3 4891.9 9.2090
1200 1.35972 4470.0 5149.8 9.6071 1.13309 4469.8 5149.6 9.5229 0.84980 4469.4 5149.3 9.3898
1300 1.45214 4686.6 5412.6 9.7797 1.21012 4686.4 5412.5 9.6955 0.90761 4686.1 5412.2 9.5625

* La temperatura entre paréntesis es la temperatura de saturación a la presión especificada.

† Propiedades del vapor saturado a la presión especificada.
 909
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-6
Vapor de agua sobrecalentado (continuación)
T v u h s v u h s v u h s
°C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K
P  1.00 MPa (179.88 C) P  1.20 MPa (187.96 C) P  1.40 MPa (195.04 C)
Sat. 0.19437 2582.8 2777.1 6.5850 0.16326 2587.8 2783.8 6.5217 0.14078 2591.8 2788.9 6.4675
200 0.20602 2622.3 2828.3 6.6956 0.16934 2612.9 2816.1 6.5909 0.14303 2602.7 2803.0 6.4975
250 0.23275 2710.4 2943.1 6.9265 0.19241 2704.7 2935.6 6.8313 0.16356 2698.9 2927.9 6.7488
300 0.25799 2793.7 3051.6 7.1246 0.21386 2789.7 3046.3 7.0335 0.18233 2785.7 3040.9 6.9553
350 0.28250 2875.7 3158.2 7.3029 0.23455 2872.7 3154.2 7.2139 0.20029 2869.7 3150.1 7.1379
400 0.30661 2957.9 3264.5 7.4670 0.25482 2955.5 3261.3 7.3793 0.21782 2953.1 3258.1 7.3046
500 0.35411 3125.0 3479.1 7.7642 0.29464 3123.4 3477.0 7.6779 0.25216 3121.8 3474.8 7.6047
600 0.40111 3297.5 3698.6 8.0311 0.33395 3296.3 3697.0 7.9456 0.28597 3295.1 3695.5 7.8730
700 0.44783 3476.3 3924.1 8.2755 0.37297 3475.3 3922.9 8.1904 0.31951 3474.4 3921.7 8.1183
800 0.49438 3661.7 4156.1 8.5024 0.41184 3661.0 4155.2 8.4176 0.35288 3660.3 4154.3 8.3458
900 0.54083 3853.9 4394.8 8.7150 0.45059 3853.3 4394.0 8.6303 0.38614 3852.7 4393.3 8.5587
1000 0.58721 4052.7 4640.0 8.9155 0.48928 4052.2 4639.4 8.8310 0.41933 4051.7 4638.8 8.7595
1100 0.63354 4257.9 4891.4 9.1057 0.52792 4257.5 4891.0 9.0212 0.45247 4257.0 4890.5 8.9497
1200 0.67983 4469.0 5148.9 9.2866 0.56652 4468.7 5148.5 9.2022 0.48558 4468.3 5148.1 9.1308
1300 0.72610 4685.8 5411.9 9.4593 0.60509 4685.5 5411.6 9.3750 0.51866 4685.1 5411.3 9.3036

P  1.60 MPa (201.37 C) P  1.80 MPa (207.11 C) P  2.00 MPa (212.38 C)
Sat. 0.12374 2594.8 2792.8 6.4200 0.11037 2597.3 2795.9 6.3775 0.09959 2599.1 2798.3 6.3390
  225 0.13293 2645.1 2857.8 6.5537 0.11678 2637.0 2847.2 6.4825 0.10381 2628.5 2836.1 6.4160
  250 0.14190 2692.9 2919.9 6.6753 0.12502 2686.7 2911.7 6.6088 0.11150 2680.3 2903.3 6.5475
  300 0.15866 2781.6 3035.4 6.8864 0.14025 2777.4 3029.9 6.8246 0.12551 2773.2 3024.2 6.7684
  350 0.17459 2866.6 3146.0 7.0713 0.15460 2863.6 3141.9 7.0120 0.13860 2860.5 3137.7 6.9583
  400 0.19007 2950.8 3254.9 7.2394 0.16849 2948.3 3251.6 7.1814 0.15122 2945.9 3248.4 7.1292
  500 0.22029 3120.1 3472.6 7.5410 0.19551 3118.5 3470.4 7.4845 0.17568 3116.9 3468.3 7.4337
  600 0.24999 3293.9 3693.9 7.8101 0.22200 3292.7 3692.3 7.7543 0.19962 3291.5 3690.7 7.7043
  700 0.27941 3473.5 3920.5 8.0558 0.24822 3472.6 3919.4 8.0005 0.22326 3471.7 3918.2 7.9509
  800 0.30865 3659.5 4153.4 8.2834 0.27426 3658.8 4152.4 8.2284 0.24674 3658.0 4151.5 8.1791
  900 0.33780 3852.1 4392.6 8.4965 0.30020 3851.5 4391.9 8.4417 0.27012 3850.9 4391.1 8.3925
1000 0.36687 4051.2 4638.2 8.6974 0.32606 4050.7 4637.6 8.6427 0.29342 4050.2 4637.1 8.5936
1100 0.39589 4256.6 4890.0 8.8878 0.35188 4256.2 4889.6 8.8331 0.31667 4255.7 4889.1 8.7842
1200 0.42488 4467.9 5147.7 9.0689 0.37766 4467.6 5147.3 9.0143 0.33989 4467.2 5147.0 8.9654
1300 0.45383 4684.8 5410.9 9.2418 0.40341 4684.5 5410.6 9.1872 0.36308 4684.2 5410.3 9.1384

P  2.50 MPa (223.95 C) P  3.00 MPa (233.85 C) P  3.50 MPa (242.56 C)
Sat. 0.07995 2602.1 2801.9 6.2558 0.06667 2603.2 2803.2 6.1856 0.05706 2603.0 2802.7 6.1244
  225 0.08026 2604.8 2805.5 6.2629
  250 0.08705 2663.3 2880.9 6.4107 0.07063 2644.7 2856.5 6.2893 0.05876 2624.0 2829.7 6.1764
  300 0.09894 2762.2 3009.6 6.6459 0.08118 2750.8 2994.3 6.5412 0.06845 2738.8 2978.4 6.4484
  350 0.10979 2852.5 3127.0 6.8424 0.09056 2844.4 3116.1 6.7450 0.07680 2836.0 3104.9 6.6601
  400 0.12012 2939.8 3240.1 7.0170 0.09938 2933.6 3231.7 6.9235 0.08456 2927.2 3223.2 6.8428
  450 0.13015 3026.2 3351.6 7.1768 0.10789 3021.2 3344.9 7.0856 0.09198 3016.1 3338.1 7.0074
  500 0.13999 3112.8 3462.8 7.3254 0.11620 3108.6 3457.2 7.2359 0.09919 3104.5 3451.7 7.1593
  600 0.15931 3288.5 3686.8 7.5979 0.13245 3285.5 3682.8 7.5103 0.11325 3282.5 3678.9 7.4357
  700 0.17835 3469.3 3915.2 7.8455 0.14841 3467.0 3912.2 7.7590 0.12702 3464.7 3909.3 7.6855
  800 0.19722 3656.2 4149.2 8.0744 0.16420 3654.3 4146.9 7.9885 0.14061 3652.5 4144.6 7.9156
  900 0.21597 3849.4 4389.3 8.2882 0.17988 3847.9 4387.5 8.2028 0.15410 3846.4 4385.7 8.1304
1000 0.23466 4049.0 4635.6 8.4897 0.19549 4047.7 4634.2 8.4045 0.16751 4046.4 4632.7 8.3324
1100 0.25330 4254.7 4887.9 8.6804 0.21105 4253.6 4886.7 8.5955 0.18087 4252.5 4885.6 8.5236
1200 0.27190 4466.3 5146.0 8.8618 0.22658 4465.3 5145.1 8.7771 0.19420 4464.4 5144.1 8.7053
1300 0.29048 4683.4 5409.5 9.0349 0.24207 4682.6 5408.8 8.9502 0.20750 4681.8 5408.0 8.8786
 910
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-6
Vapor de agua sobrecalentado (continuación)
T v u h s v u h s v u h s
°C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K
P  4.0 MPa (250.35 C) P  4.5 MPa (257.44 C) P  5.0 MPa (263.94 C)
Sat. 0.04978 2601.7 2800.8 6.0696 0.04406 2599.7 2798.0 6.0198 0.03945 2597.0 2794.2 5.9737
275 0.05461 2668.9 2887.3 6.2312 0.04733 2651.4 2864.4 6.1429 0.04144 2632.3 2839.5 6.0571
300 0.05887 2726.2 2961.7 6.3639 0.05138 2713.0 2944.2 6.2854 0.04535 2699.0 2925.7 6.2111
350 0.06647 2827.4 3093.3 6.5843 0.05842 2818.6 3081.5 6.5153 0.05197 2809.5 3069.3 6.4516
400 0.07343 2920.8 3214.5 6.7714 0.06477 2914.2 3205.7 6.7071 0.05784 2907.5 3196.7 6.6483
450 0.08004 3011.0 3331.2 6.9386 0.07076 3005.8 3324.2 6.8770 0.06332 3000.6 3317.2 6.8210
500 0.08644 3100.3 3446.0 7.0922 0.07652 3096.0 3440.4 7.0323 0.06858 3091.8 3434.7 6.9781
600 0.09886 3279.4 3674.9 7.3706 0.08766 3276.4 3670.9 7.3127 0.07870 3273.3 3666.9 7.2605
700 0.11098 3462.4 3906.3 7.6214 0.09850 3460.0 3903.3 7.5647 0.08852 3457.7 3900.3 7.5136
800 0.12292 3650.6 4142.3 7.8523 0.10916 3648.8 4140.0 7.7962 0.09816 3646.9 4137.7 7.7458
900 0.13476 3844.8 4383.9 8.0675 0.11972 3843.3 4382.1 8.0118 0.10769 3841.8 4380.2 7.9619
1000 0.14653 4045.1 4631.2 8.2698 0.13020 4043.9 4629.8 8.2144 0.11715 4042.6 4628.3 8.1648
1100 0.15824 4251.4 4884.4 8.4612 0.14064 4250.4 4883.2 8.4060 0.12655 4249.3 4882.1 8.3566
1200 0.16992 4463.5 5143.2 8.6430 0.15103 4462.6 5142.2 8.5880 0.13592 4461.6 5141.3 8.5388
1300 0.18157 4680.9 5407.2 8.8164 0.16140 4680.1 5406.5 8.7616 0.14527 4679.3 5405.7 8.7124

P  6.0 MPa (275.59 C) P  7.0 MPa (285.83 C) P  8.0 MPa (295.01 C)
Sat. 0.03245 2589.9 2784.6 5.8902 0.027378 2581.0 2772.6 5.8148 0.023525 2570.5 2758.7 5.7450
  300 0.03619 2668.4 2885.6 6.0703 0.029492 2633.5 2839.9 5.9337 0.024279 2592.3 2786.5 5.7937
  350 0.04225 2790.4 3043.9 6.3357 0.035262 2770.1 3016.9 6.2305 0.029975 2748.3 2988.1 6.1321
  400 0.04742 2893.7 3178.3 6.5432 0.039958 2879.5 3159.2 6.4502 0.034344 2864.6 3139.4 6.3658
  450 0.05217 2989.9 3302.9 6.7219 0.044187 2979.0 3288.3 6.6353 0.038194 2967.8 3273.3 6.5579
  500 0.05667 3083.1 3423.1 6.8826 0.048157 3074.3 3411.4 6.8000 0.041767 3065.4 3399.5 6.7266
  550 0.06102 3175.2 3541.3 7.0308 0.051966 3167.9 3531.6 6.9507 0.045172 3160.5 3521.8 6.8800
  600 0.06527 3267.2 3658.8 7.1693 0.055665 3261.0 3650.6 7.0910 0.048463 3254.7 3642.4 7.0221
  700 0.07355 3453.0 3894.3 7.4247 0.062850 3448.3 3888.3 7.3487 0.054829 3443.6 3882.2 7.2822
  800 0.08165 3643.2 4133.1 7.6582 0.069856 3639.5 4128.5 7.5836 0.061011 3635.7 4123.8 7.5185
  900 0.08964 3838.8 4376.6 7.8751 0.076750 3835.7 4373.0 7.8014 0.067082 3832.7 4369.3 7.7372
1000 0.09756 4040.1 4625.4 8.0786 0.083571 4037.5 4622.5 8.0055 0.073079 4035.0 4619.6 7.9419
1100 0.10543 4247.1 4879.7 8.2709 0.090341 4245.0 4877.4 8.1982 0.079025 4242.8 4875.0 8.1350
1200 0.11326 4459.8 5139.4 8.4534 0.097075 4457.9 5137.4 8.3810 0.084934 4456.1 5135.5 8.3181
1300 0.12107 4677.7 5404.1 8.6273 0.103781 4676.1 5402.6 8.5551 0.090817 4674.5 5401.0 8.4925

P  9.0 MPa (303.35 C) P  10.0 MPa (311.00 C) P  12.5 MPa (327.81 C)
Sat. 0.020489 2558.5 2742.9 5.6791 0.018028 2545.2 2725.5 5.6159 0.013496 2505.6 2674.3 5.4638
  325 0.023284 2647.6 2857.1 5.8738 0.019877 2611.6 2810.3 5.7596
  350 0.025816 2725.0 2957.3 6.0380 0.022440 2699.6 2924.0 5.9460 0.016138 2624.9 2826.6 5.7130
  400 0.029960 2849.2 3118.8 6.2876 0.026436 2833.1 3097.5 6.2141 0.020030 2789.6 3040.0 6.0433
  450 0.033524 2956.3 3258.0 6.4872 0.029782 2944.5 3242.4 6.4219 0.023019 2913.7 3201.5 6.2749
  500 0.036793 3056.3 3387.4 6.6603 0.032811 3047.0 3375.1 6.5995 0.025630 3023.2 3343.6 6.4651
  550 0.039885 3153.0 3512.0 6.8164 0.035655 3145.4 3502.0 6.7585 0.028033 3126.1 3476.5 6.6317
  600 0.042861 3248.4 3634.1 6.9605 0.038378 3242.0 3625.8 6.9045 0.030306 3225.8 3604.6 6.7828
  650 0.045755 3343.4 3755.2 7.0954 0.041018 3338.0 3748.1 7.0408 0.032491 3324.1 3730.2 6.9227
  700 0.048589 3438.8 3876.1 7.2229 0.043597 3434.0 3870.0 7.1693 0.034612 3422.0 3854.6 7.0540
  800 0.054132 3632.0 4119.2 7.4606 0.048629 3628.2 4114.5 7.4085 0.038724 3618.8 4102.8 7.2967
  900 0.059562 3829.6 4365.7 7.6802 0.053547 3826.5 4362.0 7.6290 0.042720 3818.9 4352.9 7.5195
1000 0.064919 4032.4 4616.7 7.8855 0.058391 4029.9 4613.8 7.8349 0.046641 4023.5 4606.5 7.7269
1100 0.070224 4240.7 4872.7 8.0791 0.063183 4238.5 4870.3 8.0289 0.050510 4233.1 4864.5 7.9220
1200 0.075492 4454.2 5133.6 8.2625 0.067938 4452.4 5131.7 8.2126 0.054342 4447.7 5127.0 8.1065
1300 0.080733 4672.9 5399.5 8.4371 0.072667 4671.3 5398.0 8.3874 0.058147 4667.3 5394.1 8.2819
 911
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-6
Vapor de agua sobrecalentado (conclusión)
T v u h s v u h s v u h s
°C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K
P  15.0 MPa (342.16 C) P  17.5 MPa (354.67 C) P  20.0 MPa (365.75 C)
Sat. 0.010341 2455.7 2610.8 5.3108 0.007932 2390.7 2529.5 5.1435 0.005862 2294.8 2412.1 4.9310
350 0.011481 2520.9 2693.1 5.4438
400 0.015671 2740.6 2975.7 5.8819 0.012463 2684.3 2902.4 5.7211 0.009950 2617.9 2816.9 5.5526
450 0.018477 2880.8 3157.9 6.1434 0.015204 2845.4 3111.4 6.0212 0.012721 2807.3 3061.7 5.9043
500 0.020828 2998.4 3310.8 6.3480 0.017385 2972.4 3276.7 6.2424 0.014793 2945.3 3241.2 6.1446
550 0.022945 3106.2 3450.4 6.5230 0.019305 3085.8 3423.6 6.4266 0.016571 3064.7 3396.2 6.3390
600 0.024921 3209.3 3583.1 6.6796 0.021073 3192.5 3561.3 6.5890 0.018185 3175.3 3539.0 6.5075
650 0.026804 3310.1 3712.1 6.8233 0.022742 3295.8 3693.8 6.7366 0.019695 3281.4 3675.3 6.6593
700 0.028621 3409.8 3839.1 6.9573 0.024342 3397.5 3823.5 6.8735 0.021134 3385.1 3807.8 6.7991
800 0.032121 3609.3 4091.1 7.2037 0.027405 3599.7 4079.3 7.1237 0.023870 3590.1 4067.5 7.0531
900 0.035503 3811.2 4343.7 7.4288 0.030348 3803.5 4334.6 7.3511 0.026484 3795.7 4325.4 7.2829
1000 0.038808 4017.1 4599.2 7.6378 0.033215 4010.7 4592.0 7.5616 0.029020 4004.3 4584.7 7.4950
1100 0.042062 4227.7 4858.6 7.8339 0.036029 4222.3 4852.8 7.7588 0.031504 4216.9 4847.0 7.6933
1200 0.045279 4443.1 5122.3 8.0192 0.038806 4438.5 5117.6 7.9449 0.033952 4433.8 5112.9 7.8802
1300 0.048469 4663.3 5390.3 8.1952 0.041556 4659.2 5386.5 8.1215 0.036371 4655.2 5382.7 8.0574

P  25.0 MPa P  30.0 MPa P  35.0 MPa

  375 0.001978 1799.9 1849.4 4.0345 0.001792 1738.1 1791.9 3.9313 0.001701 1702.8 1762.4 3.8724
  400 0.006005 2428.5 2578.7 5.1400 0.002798 2068.9 2152.8 4.4758 0.002105 1914.9 1988.6 4.2144
  425 0.007886 2607.8 2805.0 5.4708 0.005299 2452.9 2611.8 5.1473 0.003434 2253.3 2373.5 4.7751
  450 0.009176 2721.2 2950.6 5.6759 0.006737 2618.9 2821.0 5.4422 0.004957 2497.5 2671.0 5.1946
  500 0.011143 2887.3 3165.9 5.9643 0.008691 2824.0 3084.8 5.7956 0.006933 2755.3 2997.9 5.6331
  550 0.012736 3020.8 3339.2 6.1816 0.010175 2974.5 3279.7 6.0403 0.008348 2925.8 3218.0 5.9093
  600 0.014140 3140.0 3493.5 6.3637 0.011445 3103.4 3446.8 6.2373 0.009523 3065.6 3399.0 6.1229
  650 0.015430 3251.9 3637.7 6.5243 0.012590 3221.7 3599.4 6.4074 0.010565 3190.9 3560.7 6.3030
  700 0.016643 3359.9 3776.0 6.6702 0.013654 3334.3 3743.9 6.5599 0.011523 3308.3 3711.6 6.4623
  800 0.018922 3570.7 4043.8 6.9322 0.015628 3551.2 4020.0 6.8301 0.013278 3531.6 3996.3 6.7409
  900 0.021075 3780.2 4307.1 7.1668 0.017473 3764.6 4288.8 7.0695 0.014904 3749.0 4270.6 6.9853
1000 0.023150 3991.5 4570.2 7.3821 0.019240 3978.6 4555.8 7.2880 0.016450 3965.8 4541.5 7.2069
1100 0.025172 4206.1 4835.4 7.5825 0.020954 4195.2 4823.9 7.4906 0.017942 4184.4 4812.4 7.4118
1200 0.027157 4424.6 5103.5 7.7710 0.022630 4415.3 5094.2 7.6807 0.019398 4406.1 5085.0 7.6034
1300 0.029115 4647.2 5375.1 7.9494 0.024279 4639.2 5367.6 7.8602 0.020827 4631.2 5360.2 7.7841

P  40.0 MPa P  50.0 MPa P  60.0 MPa

  375 0.001641 1677.0 1742.6 3.8290 0.001560 1638.6 1716.6 3.7642 0.001503 1609.7 1699.9 3.7149
  400 0.001911 1855.0 1931.4 4.1145 0.001731 1787.8 1874.4 4.0029 0.001633 1745.2 1843.2 3.9317
  425 0.002538 2097.5 2199.0 4.5044 0.002009 1960.3 2060.7 4.2746 0.001816 1892.9 2001.8 4.1630
  450 0.003692 2364.2 2511.8 4.9449 0.002487 2160.3 2284.7 4.5896 0.002086 2055.1 2180.2 4.4140
  500 0.005623 2681.6 2906.5 5.4744 0.003890 2528.1 2722.6 5.1762 0.002952 2393.2 2570.3 4.9356
  550 0.006985 2875.1 3154.4 5.7857 0.005118 2769.5 3025.4 5.5563 0.003955 2664.6 2901.9 5.3517
  600 0.008089 3026.8 3350.4 6.0170 0.006108 2947.1 3252.6 5.8245 0.004833 2866.8 3156.8 5.6527
  650 0.009053 3159.5 3521.6 6.2078 0.006957 3095.6 3443.5 6.0373 0.005591 3031.3 3366.8 5.8867
  700 0.009930 3282.0 3679.2 6.3740 0.007717 3228.7 3614.6 6.2179 0.006265 3175.4 3551.3 6.0814
  800 0.011521 3511.8 3972.6 6.6613 0.009073 3472.2 3925.8 6.5225 0.007456 3432.6 3880.0 6.4033
  900 0.012980 3733.3 4252.5 6.9107 0.010296 3702.0 4216.8 6.7819 0.008519 3670.9 4182.1 6.6725
1000 0.014360 3952.9 4527.3 7.1355 0.011441 3927.4 4499.4 7.0131 0.009504 3902.0 4472.2 6.9099
1100 0.015686 4173.7 4801.1 7.3425 0.012534 4152.2 4778.9 7.2244 0.010439 4130.9 4757.3 7.1255
1200 0.016976 4396.9 5075.9 7.5357 0.013590 4378.6 5058.1 7.4207 0.011339 4360.5 5040.8 7.3248
1300 0.018239 4623.3 5352.8 7.7175 0.014620 4607.5 5338.5 7.6048 0.012213 4591.8 5324.5 7.5111
 912
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-7
Agua líquida comprimida
T v u h s v u h s v u h s
°C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg  K
P  5 MPa (263.94 C) P  10 MPa (311.00 C) P  15 MPa (342.16 C)
Sat. 0.0012862 1148.1 1154.5 2.9207 0.0014522 1393.3 1407.9 3.3603 0.0016572 1585.5 1610.3 3.6848
   0 0.0009977 0.04 5.03 0.0001 0.0009952 0.12 10.07 0.0003 0.0009928 0.18 15.07 0.0004
  20 0.0009996 83.61 88.61 0.2954 0.0009973 83.31 93.28 0.2943 0.0009951 83.01 97.93 0.2932
  40 0.0010057 166.92 171.95 0.5705 0.0010035 166.33 176.37 0.5685 0.0010013 165.75 180.77 0.5666
  60 0.0010149 250.29 255.36 0.8287 0.0010127 249.43 259.55 0.8260 0.0010105 248.58 263.74 0.8234
  80 0.0010267 333.82 338.96 1.0723 0.0010244 332.69 342.94 1.0691 0.0010221 331.59 346.92 1.0659
100 0.0010410 417.65 422.85 1.3034 0.0010385 416.23 426.62 1.2996 0.0010361 414.85 430.39 1.2958
120 0.0010576 501.91 507.19 1.5236 0.0010549 500.18 510.73 1.5191 0.0010522 498.50 514.28 1.5148
140 0.0010769 586.80 592.18 1.7344 0.0010738 584.72 595.45 1.7293 0.0010708 582.69 598.75 1.7243
160 0.0010988 672.55 678.04 1.9374 0.0010954 670.06 681.01 1.9316 0.0010920 667.63 684.01 1.9259
180 0.0011240 759.47 765.09 2.1338 0.0011200 756.48 767.68 2.1271 0.0011160 753.58 770.32 2.1206
200 0.0011531 847.92 853.68 2.3251 0.0011482 844.32 855.80 2.3174 0.0011435 840.84 858.00 2.3100
220 0.0011868 938.39 944.32 2.5127 0.0011809 934.01 945.82 2.5037 0.0011752 929.81 947.43 2.4951
240 0.0012268 1031.6 1037.7 2.6983 0.0012192 1026.2 1038.3 2.6876 0.0012121 1021.0 1039.2 2.6774
260 0.0012755 1128.5 1134.9 2.8841 0.0012653 1121.6 1134.3 2.8710 0.0012560 1115.1 1134.0 2.8586
280 0.0013226 1221.8 1235.0 3.0565 0.0013096 1213.4 1233.0 3.0410
300 0.0013980 1329.4 1343.3 3.2488 0.0013783 1317.6 1338.3 3.2279
320 0.0014733 1431.9 1454.0 3.4263
340 0.0016311 1567.9 1592.4 3.6555

P  20 MPa (365.75 C) P  30 MPa P  50 MPa

Sat. 0.0020378 1785.8 1826.6 4.0146
   0 0.0009904 0.23 20.03 0.0005 0.0009857 0.29 29.86 0.0003 0.0009767 0.29 49.13 0.0010
  20 0.0009929 82.71 102.57 0.2921 0.0009886 82.11 111.77 0.2897 0.0009805 80.93 129.95 0.2845
  40 0.0009992 165.17 185.16 0.5646 0.0009951 164.05 193.90 0.5607 0.0009872 161.90 211.25 0.5528
  60 0.0010084 247.75 267.92 0.8208 0.0010042 246.14 276.26 0.8156 0.0009962 243.08 292.88 0.8055
  80 0.0010199 330.50 350.90 1.0627 0.0010155 328.40 358.86 1.0564 0.0010072 324.42 374.78 1.0442
100 0.0010337 413.50 434.17 1.2920 0.0010290 410.87 441.74 1.2847 0.0010201 405.94 456.94 1.2705
120 0.0010496 496.85 517.84 1.5105 0.0010445 493.66 525.00 1.5020 0.0010349 487.69 539.43 1.4859
140 0.0010679 580.71 602.07 1.7194 0.0010623 576.90 608.76 1.7098 0.0010517 569.77 622.36 1.6916
160 0.0010886 665.28 687.05 1.9203 0.0010823 660.74 693.21 1.9094 0.0010704 652.33 705.85 1.8889
180 0.0011122 750.78 773.02 2.1143 0.0011049 745.40 778.55 2.1020 0.0010914 735.49 790.06 2.0790
200 0.0011390 837.49 860.27 2.3027 0.0011304 831.11 865.02 2.2888 0.0011149 819.45 875.19 2.2628
220 0.0011697 925.77 949.16 2.4867 0.0011595 918.15 952.93 2.4707 0.0011412 904.39 961.45 2.4414
240 0.0012053 1016.1 1040.2 2.6676 0.0011927 1006.9 1042.7 2.6491 0.0011708 990.55 1049.1 2.6156
260 0.0012472 1109.0 1134.0 2.8469 0.0012314 1097.8 1134.7 2.8250 0.0012044 1078.2 1138.4 2.7864
280 0.0012978 1205.6 1231.5 3.0265 0.0012770 1191.5 1229.8 3.0001 0.0012430 1167.7 1229.9 2.9547
300 0.0013611 1307.2 1334.4 3.2091 0.0013322 1288.9 1328.9 3.1761 0.0012879 1259.6 1324.0 3.1218
320 0.0014450 1416.6 1445.5 3.3996 0.0014014 1391.7 1433.7 3.3558 0.0013409 1354.3 1421.4 3.2888
340 0.0015693 1540.2 1571.6 3.6086 0.0014932 1502.4 1547.1 3.5438 0.0014049 1452.9 1523.1 3.4575
360 0.0018248 1703.6 1740.1 3.8787 0.0016276 1626.8 1675.6 3.7499 0.0014848 1556.5 1630.7 3.6301
380 0.0018729 1782.0 1838.2 4.0026 0.0015884 1667.1 1746.5 3.8102
 913
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-8
Hielo saturado. Vapor de agua
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K
Pres. Hielo Vapor Hielo Vapor Hielo Vapor Hielo Vapor
Temp., sat., sat., sat., sat., Subl., sat., sat., Subl., sat., sat., Subl., sat.,
T °C Psat kPa vi v g ui uig ug hi hig hg si sig sg
0.01 0.61169 0.001091 205.99 333.40 2707.9 2374.5 333.40 2833.9 2500.5 1.2202 10.374 9.154
0 0.61115 0.001091 206.17 333.43 2707.9 2374.5 333.43 2833.9 2500.5 1.2204 10.375 9.154
2 0.51772 0.001091 241.62 337.63 2709.4 2371.8 337.63 2834.5 2496.8 1.2358 10.453 9.218
4 0.43748 0.001090 283.84 341.80 2710.8 2369.0 341.80 2835.0 2493.2 1.2513 10.533 9.282
6 0.36873 0.001090 334.27 345.94 2712.2 2366.2 345.93 2835.4 2489.5 1.2667 10.613 9.347
8 0.30998 0.001090 394.66 350.04 2713.5 2363.5 350.04 2835.8 2485.8 1.2821 10.695 9.413
10 0.25990 0.001089 467.17 354.12 2714.8 2360.7 354.12 2836.2 2482.1 1.2976 10.778 9.480
12 0.21732 0.001089 554.47 358.17 2716.1 2357.9 358.17 2836.6 2478.4 1.3130 10.862 9.549
14 0.18121 0.001088 659.88 362.18 2717.3 2355.2 362.18 2836.9 2474.7 1.3284 10.947 9.618
16 0.15068 0.001088 787.51 366.17 2718.6 2352.4 366.17 2837.2 2471.0 1.3439 11.033 9.689
18 0.12492 0.001088 942.51 370.13 2719.7 2349.6 370.13 2837.5 2467.3 1.3593 11.121 9.761
20 0.10326 0.001087 1131.3 374.06 2720.9 2346.8 374.06 2837.7 2463.6 1.3748 11.209 9.835
22 0.08510 0.001087 1362.0 377.95 2722.0 2344.1 377.95 2837.9 2459.9 1.3903 11.300 9.909
24 0.06991 0.001087 1644.7 381.82 2723.1 2341.3 381.82 2838.1 2456.2 1.4057 11.391 9.985
26 0.05725 0.001087 1992.2 385.66 2724.2 2338.5 385.66 2838.2 2452.5 1.4212 11.484 10.063
28 0.04673 0.001086 2421.0 389.47 2725.2 2335.7 389.47 2838.3 2448.8 1.4367 11.578 10.141
30 0.03802 0.001086 2951.7 393.25 2726.2 2332.9 393.25 2838.4 2445.1 1.4521 11.673 10.221
32 0.03082 0.001086 3610.9 397.00 2727.2 2330.2 397.00 2838.4 2441.4 1.4676 11.770 10.303
34 0.02490 0.001085 4432.4 400.72 2728.1 2327.4 400.72 2838.5 2437.7 1.4831 11.869 10.386
36 0.02004 0.001085 5460.1 404.40 2729.0 2324.6 404.40 2838.4 2434.0 1.4986 11.969 10.470
38 0.01608 0.001085 6750.5 408.07 2729.9 2321.8 408.07 2838.4 2430.3 1.5141 12.071 10.557
  40 0.01285 0.001084 8376.7 411.70 2730.7 2319.0 411.70 2838.3 2426.6 1.5296 12.174 10.644
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1200 1200
h = 5000 kJ/kg

00

0
50

550
5000
4500
1100 4900 1100
4800
h h= =4200 k 4700
914

J /k
1000 g 1000
4600
4000

kg/m 3
4500

d=
3800
900 4400 900

sida
g/m 3

Den
3600 4300

300 k
3400 4200
800 800
4100

300
g/m 3

20 00 b
3200

15 000 ar
100 000
80 00

P=
4000

50
4 00 6000
100 k

30000
700 0 700

20 0
00
3900

/m 3
300

15 00
0 0
2800 3800

10
30 kg
0
/m 3
600 80 3700 600
2600 0
60
0
10 kg
2400 50 3600
0
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

40 0

Temperatura, °C
3500
3 kg/m 3

500 2=200 kJ/kg 35 00 500

h =h 3 0
0 0 25 0 3400
2 0
1 kg/m 3

20
0
15 3300
g/m 3

kg/m 3

400 1800 400

0
3k

0.3

10 3200
0.0

0 80
1 60 60
kg/m 3

40
kg/m 3

0 3100
30
0.1

300 140 300

20

Va
.01

o
15

po
10

0 ad rs
=0

120 sa tur atu 3000

d

o
a

ra
8
6

uid do
4

0
.0

3
2
sid

1.5
1

100 Líq 2900

200 200
Den

h=
5
. 1

26

120
140
16
0%
0.4

0.8
0.6
0.3
0.2
0

20 2800
18
0.1

0
22 h00=

0
=1 24

1000
00 00 00 kJ/
00
5

ad
8

kg
1

6
3
0

lid %
0

800
0
.

%
Ca 20 GCa
0. 2
0.0

0 8
0.0
0.04
0.0

0.

100 100

30
rlaidn

40%
atída==
9900% 2650
%

600
50%

8 h = 2600
2650 kJ/kg
60%

70
%

h = 400
0%
2

0.
0 04
0 006

2550
.
00

kJ/
0 .0
0. 03

200
kg
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Entropía, kJ/kg · K

Figura A-9
Diagrama T-s para el agua.
Fuente: De NBS/NRC Steam Tables/1 por Lester Haar, John S. Gallagher y George S. Kell. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Books, Inc., 1984.
 915
Apéndice 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5000 5000
0°
C

1100°C
0
11
T=

1000°C
900°C
4000 kg/m 3 4000
1000
800°C
dad =
bar
00

Densi
300

00

kg/m 3
250
P=

700°C
00
200

00

1 00

g/m 3
150

00
100

10 k
800

500 0
40000
600

/m 3
3000
15 00
80 1 00
600°C

6000 000

1 kg
20

kg/m 3
kg/m 3
00
Entalpía, kJ/kg

2000
400 5
30
80 150
60 100

0.01
0.1
50
30

d=
20

3000 3000
15
10
40

da
nsi
5
500°C

3
1.5

De
2
8

1.0
6
4

0. 3
0.

0. 06 0.1 5
0. .08 0.12
0. .8
0.4 6
0

0.0 5
0.0
r

0. 3
ba

0. 5
08

01
01
0
04
98% 02 .
0
0
96% 0. =
400°C

P
Ca 9 4 %
lid
ad= 92%
90%
88%
86%
84%
82%
T = 300°C

80
78 %
76 %
74 %
2000 72 % 2000
70 %
68 %
%
66 %
%
64
62 %
%
60 %
58
56%
54%
52%
50%
48%
46%
44%
42%
40%

1000 1000
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Entropía, kJ/kg · K

Figura A-10
Diagrama de Mollier para el agua.
Fuente: De NBS/NRC Steam Tables/1 por Lester Haar, John S. Gallagher y George S. Kell. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Books, Inc., 1984.
 916
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-11
Refrigerante 134a saturado. Tabla de temperatura
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg ∙ K
Pres. Líq. Vapor. Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor
Temp., sat., sat., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat.,
T 8C Psat kPa vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg sf sfg sg

240 51.25 0.0007053 0.36064 20.036 207.42 207.38 0.00 225.86 225.86 0.00000 0.96869 0.96869
238 56.86 0.0007082 0.32718 2.472 206.06 208.53 2.512 224.62 227.13 0.01071 0.95516 0.96588
236 62.95 0.0007111 0.29740 4.987 204.69 209.68 5.032 223.37 228.40 0.02137 0.94182 0.96319
234 69.56 0.0007141 0.27082 7.509 203.32 210.83 7.559 222.10 229.66 0.03196 0.92867 0.96063
232 76.71 0.0007171 0.24706 10.04 201.94 211.97 10.09 220.83 230.93 0.04249 0.91569 0.95819
230 84.43 0.0007201 0.22577 12.58 200.55 213.12 12.64 219.55 232.19 0.05297 0.90289 0.95586
228 92.76 0.0007232 0.20666 15.12 199.15 214.27 15.19 218.25 233.44 0.06339 0.89024 0.95364
226 101.73 0.0007264 0.18947 17.67 197.75 215.42 17.75 216.95 234.70 0.07376 0.87776 0.95152
224 111.37 0.0007296 0.17398 20.23 196.34 216.57 20.31 215.63 235.94 0.08408 0.86542 0.94950
222 121.72 0.0007328 0.15999 22.80 194.92 217.71 22.89 214.30 237.19 0.09435 0.85323 0.94758
220 132.82 0.0007361 0.14735 25.37 193.49 218.86 25.47 212.96 238.43 0.10456 0.84119 0.94575
218 144.69 0.0007394 0.13589 27.96 192.05 220.00 28.07 211.60 239.67 0.11473 0.82927 0.94401
216 157.38 0.0007428 0.12550 30.55 190.60 221.15 30.67 210.23 240.90 0.12486 0.81749 0.94234
214 170.93 0.0007463 0.11605 33.15 189.14 222.29 33.28 208.84 242.12 0.13493 0.80583 0.94076
212 185.37 0.0007498 0.10744 35.76 187.66 223.42 35.90 207.44 243.34 0.14497 0.79429 0.93925
210 200.74 0.0007533 0.099600 38.38 186.18 224.56 38.53 206.02 244.55 0.15496 0.78286 0.93782
28 217.08 0.0007570 0.092438 41.01 184.69 225.69 41.17 204.59 245.76 0.16491 0.77154 0.93645
26 234.44 0.0007607 0.085888 43.64 183.18 226.82 43.82 203.14 246.95 0.17482 0.76033 0.93514
24 252.85 0.0007644 0.079889 46.29 181.66 227.94 46.48 201.66 248.14 0.18469 0.74921 0.93390
22 272.36 0.0007683 0.074388 48.94 180.12 229.07 49.15 200.17 249.33 0.19452 0.73819 0.93271
0 293.01 0.0007722 0.069335 51.61 178.58 230.18 51.83 198.67 250.50 0.20432 0.72726 0.93158
2 314.84 0.0007761 0.064690 54.28 177.01 231.30 54.53 197.14 251.66 0.21408 0.71641 0.93050
4 337.90 0.0007802 0.060412 56.97 175.44 232.40 57.23 195.58 252.82 0.22381 0.70565 0.92946
6 362.23 0.0007843 0.056469 59.66 173.84 233.51 59.95 194.01 253.96 0.23351 0.69496 0.92847
8 387.88 0.0007886 0.052829 62.37 172.23 234.60 62.68 192.42 255.09 0.24318 0.68435 0.92752
10 414.89 0.0007929 0.049466 65.09 170.61 235.69 65.42 190.80 256.22 0.25282 0.67380 0.92661
12 443.31 0.0007973 0.046354 67.82 168.96 236.78 68.17 189.16 257.33 0.26243 0.66331 0.92574
14 473.19 0.0008018 0.043471 70.56 167.30 237.86 70.94 187.49 258.43 0.27201 0.65289 0.92490
16 504.58 0.0008064 0.040798 73.31 165.62 238.93 73.72 185.80 259.51 0.28157 0.64252 0.92409
18 537.52 0.0008112 0.038317 76.07 163.92 239.99 76.51 184.08 260.59 0.29111 0.63219 0.92330
20 572.07 0.0008160 0.036012 78.85 162.19 241.04 79.32 182.33 261.64 0.30062 0.62192 0.92254
22 608.27 0.0008209 0.033867 81.64 160.45 242.09 82.14 180.55 262.69 0.31012 0.61168 0.92180
24 646.18 0.0008260 0.031869 84.44 158.68 243.13 84.98 178.74 263.72 0.31959 0.60148 0.92107
26 685.84 0.0008312 0.030008 87.26 156.89 244.15 87.83 176.90 264.73 0.32905 0.59131 0.92036
28 727.31 0.0008366 0.028271 90.09 155.08 245.17 90.70 175.03 265.73 0.33849 0.58117 0.91967
30 770.64 0.0008421 0.026648 92.93 153.24 246.17 93.58 173.13 266.71 0.34792 0.57105 0.91897
32 815.89 0.0008477 0.025131 95.79 151.37 247.17 96.49 171.19 267.67 0.35734 0.56095 0.91829
34 863.11 0.0008535 0.023712 98.67 149.48 248.15 99.41 169.21 268.61 0.36675 0.55086 0.91760
36 912.35 0.0008595 0.022383 101.56 147.55 249.11 102.34 167.19 269.53 0.37615 0.54077 0.91692
38 963.68 0.0008657 0.021137 104.47 145.60 250.07 105.30 165.13 270.44 0.38554 0.53068 0.91622
40 1017.1 0.0008720 0.019968 107.39 143.61 251.00 108.28 163.03 271.31 0.39493 0.52059 0.91552
42 1072.8 0.0008786 0.018870 110.34 141.59 251.92 111.28 160.89 272.17 0.40432 0.51048 0.91480
44 1130.7 0.0008854 0.017837 113.30 139.53 252.83 114.30 158.70 273.00 0.41371 0.50036 0.91407
 917
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-11
Refrigerante 134a saturado. Tabla de temperatura (conclusión)
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg ∙ K
Pres. Líq. Vapor. Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor
Temp., sat., sat., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat.,
T 8C Psat kPa vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg sf sfg sg

46 1191.0 0.0008924 0.016866 116.28 137.43 253.71 117.34 156.46 273.80 0.42311 0.49020 0.91331
48 1253.6 0.0008997 0.015951 119.28 135.30 254.58 120.41 154.17 274.57 0.43251 0.48001 0.91252
52 1386.2 0.0009151 0.014276 125.35 130.89 256.24 126.62 149.41 276.03 0.45136 0.45948 0.91084
56 1529.1 0.0009317 0.012782 131.52 126.29 257.81 132.94 144.41 277.35 0.47028 0.43870 0.90898
60 1682.8 0.0009498 0.011434 137.79 121.45 259.23 139.38 139.09 278.47 0.48930 0.41746 0.90676
65 1891.0 0.0009751 0.009959 145.80 115.06 260.86 147.64 132.05 279.69 0.51330 0.39048 0.90379
70 2118.2 0.0010037 0.008650 154.03 108.17 262.20 156.15 124.37 280.52 0.53763 0.36239 0.90002
75 2365.8 0.0010373 0.007486 162.55 100.62 263.17 165.01 115.87 280.88 0.56252 0.33279 0.89531
80 2635.3 0.0010774 0.006439 171.43 92.22 263.66 174.27 106.35 280.63 0.58812 0.30113 0.88925
85 2928.2 0.0011273 0.005484 180.81 82.64 263.45 184.11 95.39 279.51 0.61487 0.26632 0.88120
90 3246.9 0.0011938 0.004591 190.94 71.19 262.13 194.82 82.22 277.04 0.64354 0.22638 0.86991
95 3594.1 0.0012945 0.003713 202.49 56.25 258.73 207.14 64.94 272.08 0.67605 0.17638 0.85243
100 3975.1 0.0015269 0.002657 218.73 29.72 248.46 224.80 34.22 259.02 0.72224 0.09169 0.81393

Fuente: Las tablas A-11 a A-13 se generaron utilizando el programa para resolver ecuaciones de ingeniería (EES) desarrollado por S. A. Klein y F. L. Alvarado. La
rutina utilizada en los cálculos es la R134a, la cual está basada en la ecuación fundamental de estado desarrollada por R. Tillner-Roth y H. D. Baehr, “An Interna-
tional Standard Formulation for the Thermodynamic Properties de 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoretano (HFC-134a) for temperatures from 170 K to 455 K and pressures up to
70 MPa”, J. Phys. Chem, Ref. Data, vol. 23, núm. 5, 1994. Los valores de entalpía y entropía para el líquido saturado son cero a –40 °C (y –40 °F).
 918
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-12
Refrigerante 134a saturado. Tabla de presión
Volumen específico, Energía interna, Entalpía, Entropía,
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg ∙ K
Temp. Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor Líq. Vapor. Líq. Vapor
Pres., sat., sat., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat., sat., Evap., sat.,
P kPa Tsat 8C vf vg uf ufg ug hf hfg hg sf sfg sg

60 236.95 0.0007097 0.31108 3.795 205.34 209.13 3.837 223.96 227.80 0.01633 0.94812 0.96445
70 233.87 0.0007143 0.26921 7.672 203.23 210.90 7.722 222.02 229.74 0.03264 0.92783 0.96047
80 231.13 0.0007184 0.23749 11.14 201.33 212.48 11.20 220.27 231.47 0.04707 0.91009 0.95716
90 228.65 0.0007222 0.21261 14.30 199.60 213.90 14.36 218.67 233.04 0.06003 0.89431 0.95434
100 226.37 0.0007258 0.19255 17.19 198.01 215.21 17.27 217.19 234.46 0.07182 0.88008 0.95191
120 222.32 0.0007323 0.16216 22.38 195.15 217.53 22.47 214.52 236.99 0.09269 0.85520 0.94789
140 218.77 0.0007381 0.14020 26.96 192.60 219.56 27.06 212.13 239.19 0.11080 0.83387 0.94467
160 215.60 0.0007435 0.12355 31.06 190.31 221.37 31.18 209.96 241.14 0.12686 0.81517 0.94202
180 212.73 0.0007485 0.11049 34.81 188.20 223.01 34.94 207.95 242.90 0.14131 0.79848 0.93979
200 210.09 0.0007532 0.099951 38.26 186.25 224.51 38.41 206.09 244.50 0.15449 0.78339 0.93788
240 25.38 0.0007618 0.083983 44.46 182.71 227.17 44.64 202.68 247.32 0.17786 0.75689 0.93475
280 21.25 0.0007697 0.072434 49.95 179.54 229.49 50.16 199.61 249.77 0.19822 0.73406 0.93228
320 2.46 0.0007771 0.063681 54.90 176.65 231.55 55.14 196.78 251.93 0.21631 0.71395 0.93026
360 5.82 0.0007840 0.056809 59.42 173.99 233.41 59.70 194.15 253.86 0.23265 0.69591 0.92856
400 8.91 0.0007905 0.051266 63.61 171.49 235.10 63.92 191.68 255.61 0.24757 0.67954 0.92711
450 12.46 0.0007983 0.045677 68.44 168.58 237.03 68.80 188.78 257.58 0.26462 0.66093 0.92555
500 15.71 0.0008058 0.041168 72.92 165.86 238.77 73.32 186.04 259.36 0.28021 0.64399 0.92420
550 18.73 0.0008129 0.037452 77.09 163.29 240.38 77.54 183.44 260.98 0.29460 0.62842 0.92302
600 21.55 0.0008198 0.034335 81.01 160.84 241.86 81.50 180.95 262.46 0.30799 0.61398 0.92196
650 24.20 0.0008265 0.031680 84.72 158.51 243.23 85.26 178.56 263.82 0.32052 0.60048 0.92100
700 26.69 0.0008331 0.029392 88.24 156.27 244.51 88.82 176.26 265.08 0.33232 0.58780 0.92012
750 29.06 0.0008395 0.027398 91.59 154.11 245.70 92.22 174.03 266.25 0.34348 0.57582 0.91930
800 31.31 0.0008457 0.025645 94.80 152.02 246.82 95.48 171.86 267.34 0.35408 0.56445 0.91853
850 33.45 0.0008519 0.024091 97.88 150.00 247.88 98.61 169.75 268.36 0.36417 0.55362 0.91779
900 35.51 0.0008580 0.022703 100.84 148.03 248.88 101.62 167.69 269.31 0.37383 0.54326 0.91709
950 37.48 0.0008640 0.021456 103.70 146.11 249.82 104.52 165.68 270.20 0.38307 0.53333 0.91641
1000 39.37 0.0008700 0.020329 106.47 144.24 250.71 107.34 163.70 271.04 0.39196 0.52378 0.91574
1200 46.29 0.0008935 0.016728 116.72 137.12 253.84 117.79 156.12 273.92 0.42449 0.48870 0.91320
1400 52.40 0.0009167 0.014119 125.96 130.44 256.40 127.25 148.92 276.17 0.45325 0.45742 0.91067
1600 57.88 0.0009400 0.012134 134.45 124.05 258.50 135.96 141.96 277.92 0.47921 0.42881 0.90802
1800 62.87 0.0009639 0.010568 142.36 117.85 260.21 144.09 135.14 279.23 0.50304 0.40213 0.90517
2000 67.45 0.0009887 0.009297 149.81 111.75 261.56 151.78 128.36 280.15 0.52519 0.37684 0.90204
2500 77.54 0.0010567 0.006941 167.02 96.47 263.49 169.66 111.18 280.84 0.57542 0.31701 0.89243
3000 86.16 0.0011410 0.005272 183.09 80.17 263.26 186.51 92.57 279.08 0.62133 0.25759 0.87893
 919
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-13
Refrigerante 134a sobrecalentado
T v u h s v u h s v u h s
8C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K

P 5 0.06 MPa (Tsat 5 236.95 8C) P 5 0.10 MPa (Tsat 5 226.37 8C) P 5 0.14 MPa (Tsat 5 218.77 8C)
Sat. 0.31108 209.13 227.80 0.9645 0.19255 215.21 234.46 0.9519 0.14020 219.56 239.19 0.9447
220 0.33608 220.62 240.78 1.0175 0.19841 219.68 239.52 0.9721
210 0.35048 227.57 248.60 1.0478 0.20743 226.77 247.51 1.0031 0.14605 225.93 246.37 0.9724
0 0.36476 234.67 256.56 1.0775 0.21630 233.97 255.60 1.0333 0.15263 233.25 254.61 1.0032
10 0.37893 241.94 264.68 1.1067 0.22506 241.32 263.82 1.0628 0.15908 240.68 262.95 1.0331
20 0.39302 249.37 272.95 1.1354 0.23373 248.81 272.18 1.0919 0.16544 248.24 271.40 1.0625
30 0.40705 256.97 281.39 1.1637 0.24233 256.46 280.69 1.1204 0.17172 255.95 279.99 1.0913
40 0.42102 264.73 289.99 1.1916 0.25088 264.27 289.36 1.1485 0.17794 263.80 288.72 1.1196
50 0.43495 272.66 298.75 1.2192 0.25937 272.24 298.17 1.1762 0.18412 271.81 297.59 1.1475
60 0.44883 280.75 307.68 1.2464 0.26783 280.36 307.15 1.2036 0.19025 279.97 306.61 1.1750
70 0.46269 289.01 316.77 1.2732 0.27626 288.65 316.28 1.2306 0.19635 288.29 315.78 1.2021
80 0.47651 297.43 326.02 1.2998 0.28465 297.10 325.57 1.2573 0.20242 296.77 325.11 1.2289
90 0.49032 306.02 335.43 1.3261 0.29303 305.71 335.01 1.2836 0.20847 305.40 334.59 1.2554
100 0.50410 314.76 345.01 1.3521 0.30138 314.48 344.61 1.3097 0.21449 314.19 344.22 1.2815

P 5 0.18 MPa (Tsat 5 212.73 8C) P 5 0.20 MPa (Tsat 5 210.09 8C) P 5 0.24 MPa (Tsat 5 25.38 8C)
Sat. 0.11049 223.01 242.90 0.9398 0.09995 224.51 244.50 0.9379 0.08398 227.17 247.32 0.9348
210 0.11189 225.04 245.18 0.9485 0.09991 224.57 244.56 0.9381
0 0.11722 232.49 253.59 0.9799 0.10481 232.11 253.07 0.9699 0.08617 231.30 251.98 0.9520
10 0.12240 240.02 262.05 1.0103 0.10955 239.69 261.60 1.0005 0.09026 239.00 260.66 0.9832
20 0.12748 247.66 270.60 1.0400 0.11418 247.36 270.20 1.0304 0.09423 246.76 269.38 1.0134
30 0.13248 255.43 279.27 1.0691 0.11874 255.16 278.91 1.0596 0.09812 254.63 278.17 1.0429
40 0.13741 263.33 288.07 1.0976 0.12322 263.09 287.74 1.0882 0.10193 262.61 287.07 1.0718
50 0.14230 271.38 297.00 1.1257 0.12766 271.16 296.70 1.1164 0.10570 270.73 296.09 1.1002
60 0.14715 279.58 306.07 1.1533 0.13206 279.38 305.79 1.1441 0.10942 278.98 305.24 1.1281
70 0.15196 287.93 315.28 1.1806 0.13641 287.75 315.03 1.1714 0.11310 287.38 314.53 1.1555
80 0.15673 296.43 324.65 1.2075 0.14074 296.27 324.41 1.1984 0.11675 295.93 323.95 1.1826
90 0.16149 305.09 334.16 1.2340 0.14504 304.93 333.94 1.2250 0.12038 304.62 333.51 1.2093
100 0.16622 313.90 343.82 1.2603 0.14933 313.75 343.62 1.2513 0.12398 313.46 343.22 1.2356

P 5 0.28 MPa (Tsat 5 21.25 8C) P 5 0.32 MPa (Tsat 5 2.46 8C) P 5 0.40 MPa (Tsat 5 8.91 8C)
Sat. 0.07243 229.49 249.77 0.9323 0.06368 231.55 251.93 0.9303 0.051266 235.10 255.61 0.9271
0 0.07282 230.46 250.85 0.9362
10 0.07646 238.29 259.70 0.9681 0.06609 237.56 258.70 0.9545 0.051506 235.99 256.59 0.9306
20 0.07997 246.15 268.54 0.9987 0.06925 245.51 267.67 0.9856 0.054213 244.19 265.88 0.9628
30 0.08338 254.08 277.42 1.0285 0.07231 253.52 276.66 1.0158 0.056796 252.37 275.09 0.9937
40 0.08672 262.12 286.40 1.0577 0.07530 261.62 285.72 1.0452 0.059292 260.60 284.32 1.0237
50 0.09000 270.28 295.48 1.0862 0.07823 269.83 294.87 1.0739 0.061724 268.92 293.61 1.0529
60 0.09324 278.58 304.69 1.1143 0.08111 278.17 304.12 1.1022 0.064104 277.34 302.98 1.0814
70 0.09644 287.01 314.01 1.1419 0.08395 286.64 313.50 1.1299 0.066443 285.88 312.45 1.1095
80 0.09961 295.59 323.48 1.1690 0.08675 295.24 323.00 1.1572 0.068747 294.54 322.04 1.1370
90 0.10275 304.30 333.07 1.1958 0.08953 303.99 332.64 1.1841 0.071023 303.34 331.75 1.1641
100 0.10587 313.17 342.81 1.2223 0.09229 312.87 342.41 1.2106 0.073274 312.28 341.59 1.1908
110 0.10897 322.18 352.69 1.2484 0.09503 321.91 352.31 1.2368 0.075504 321.35 351.55 1.2172
120 0.11205 331.34 362.72 1.2742 0.09775 331.08 362.36 1.2627 0.077717 330.56 361.65 1.2432
130 0.11512 340.65 372.88 1.2998 0.10045 340.41 372.55 1.2883 0.079913 339.92 371.89 1.2689
140 0.11818 350.11 383.20 1.3251 0.10314 349.88 382.89 1.3136 0.082096 349.42 382.26 1.2943
 920
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-13
Refrigerante 134a sobrecalentado (conclusión)
T v u h s v u h s v u h s
8C m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg · K

P 5 0.50 MPa (Tsat 5 15.71 8C) P 5 0.60 MPa (Tsat 5 21.55 8C) P 5 0.70 MPa (Tsat 5 26.69 8C)
Sat. 0.041168 238.77 259.36 0.9242 0.034335 241.86 262.46 0.9220 0.029392 244.51 265.08 0.9201
20 0.042115 242.42 263.48 0.9384
30 0.044338 250.86 273.03 0.9704 0.035984 249.24 270.83 0.9500 0.029966 247.49 268.47 0.9314
40 0.046456 259.27 282.50 1.0011 0.037865 257.88 280.60 0.9817 0.031696 256.41 278.59 0.9642
50 0.048499 267.73 291.98 1.0309 0.039659 266.50 290.30 1.0122 0.033322 265.22 288.54 0.9955
60 0.050485 276.27 301.51 1.0600 0.041389 275.17 300.00 1.0417 0.034875 274.03 298.44 1.0257
70 0.052427 284.91 311.12 1.0884 0.043069 283.91 309.75 1.0706 0.036373 282.88 308.34 1.0550
80 0.054331 293.65 320.82 1.1163 0.044710 292.74 319.57 1.0988 0.037829 291.81 318.29 1.0835
90 0.056205 302.52 330.63 1.1436 0.046318 301.69 329.48 1.1265 0.039250 300.84 328.31 1.1115
100 0.058053 311.52 340.55 1.1706 0.047900 310.75 339.49 1.1536 0.040642 309.96 338.41 1.1389
110 0.059880 320.65 350.59 1.1971 0.049458 319.93 349.61 1.1804 0.042010 319.21 348.61 1.1659
120 0.061687 329.91 360.75 1.2233 0.050997 329.24 359.84 1.2068 0.043358 328.57 358.92 1.1925
130 0.063479 339.31 371.05 1.2492 0.052519 338.69 370.20 1.2328 0.044688 338.06 369.34 1.2186
140 0.065256 348.85 381.47 1.2747 0.054027 348.26 380.68 1.2585 0.046004 347.67 379.88 1.2445
150 0.067021 358.52 392.04 1.3000 0.055522 357.98 391.29 1.2838 0.047306 357.42 390.54 1.2700
160 0.068775 368.34 402.73 1.3250 0.057006 367.83 402.03 1.3089 0.048597 367.31 401.32 1.2952

P 5 0.80 MPa (Tsat 5 31.31 8C) P 5 0.90 MPa (Tsat 5 35.51 8C) P 5 1.00 MPa (Tsat 5 39.37 8C)
Sat. 0.025645 246.82 267.34 0.9185 0.022686 248.82 269.25 0.9169 0.020319 250.71 271.04 0.9157
40 0.027035 254.84 276.46 0.9481 0.023375 253.15 274.19 0.9328 0.020406 251.32 271.73 0.9180
50 0.028547 263.87 286.71 0.9803 0.024809 262.46 284.79 0.9661 0.021796 260.96 282.76 0.9526
60 0.029973 272.85 296.82 1.0111 0.026146 271.62 295.15 0.9977 0.023068 270.33 293.40 0.9851
70 0.031340 281.83 306.90 1.0409 0.027413 280.74 305.41 1.0280 0.024261 279.61 303.87 1.0160
80 0.032659 290.86 316.99 1.0699 0.028630 289.88 315.65 1.0574 0.025398 288.87 314.27 1.0459
90 0.033941 299.97 327.12 1.0982 0.029806 299.08 325.90 1.0861 0.026492 298.17 324.66 1.0749
100 0.035193 309.17 337.32 1.1259 0.030951 308.35 336.21 1.1141 0.027552 307.52 335.08 1.1032
110 0.036420 318.47 347.61 1.1531 0.032068 317.72 346.58 1.1415 0.028584 316.96 345.54 1.1309
120 0.037625 327.89 357.99 1.1798 0.033164 327.19 357.04 1.1684 0.029592 326.49 356.08 1.1580
130 0.038813 337.42 368.47 1.2062 0.034241 336.78 367.59 1.1949 0.030581 336.12 366.70 1.1847
140 0.039985 347.08 379.07 1.2321 0.035302 346.48 378.25 1.2211 0.031554 345.87 377.42 1.2110
150 0.041143 356.86 389.78 1.2577 0.036349 356.30 389.01 1.2468 0.032512 355.73 388.24 1.2369
160 0.042290 366.78 400.61 1.2830 0.037384 366.25 399.89 1.2722 0.033457 365.71 399.17 1.2624
170 0.043427 376.83 411.57 1.3081 0.038408 376.33 410.89 1.2973 0.034392 375.82 410.22 1.2876
180 0.044554 387.01 422.65 1.3328 0.039423 386.54 422.02 1.3221 0.035317 386.06 421.38 1.3125

P 5 1.20 MPa (Tsat 5 46.29 8C) P 5 1.40 MPa (Tsat 5 52.40 8C) P 5 1.60 MPa (Tsat 5 57.88 8C)
Sat. 0.016728 253.84 273.92 0.9132 0.014119 256.40 276.17 0.9107 0.012134 258.50 277.92 0.9080
50 0.017201 257.64 278.28 0.9268
60 0.018404 267.57 289.66 0.9615 0.015005 264.46 285.47 0.9389 0.012372 260.91 280.71 0.9164
70 0.019502 277.23 300.63 0.9939 0.016060 274.62 297.10 0.9733 0.013430 271.78 293.27 0.9536
80 0.020529 286.77 311.40 1.0249 0.017023 284.51 308.34 1.0056 0.014362 282.11 305.09 0.9875
90 0.021506 296.28 322.09 1.0547 0.017923 294.28 319.37 1.0364 0.015215 292.19 316.53 1.0195
100 0.022442 305.81 332.74 1.0836 0.018778 304.01 330.30 1.0661 0.016014 302.16 327.78 1.0501
110 0.023348 315.40 343.41 1.1119 0.019597 313.76 341.19 1.0949 0.016773 312.09 338.93 1.0795
120 0.024228 325.05 354.12 1.1395 0.020388 323.55 352.09 1.1230 0.017500 322.03 350.03 1.1081
130 0.025086 334.79 364.90 1.1665 0.021155 333.41 363.02 1.1504 0.018201 332.02 361.14 1.1360
140 0.025927 344.63 375.74 1.1931 0.021904 343.34 374.01 1.1773 0.018882 342.06 372.27 1.1633
150 0.026753 354.57 386.68 1.2192 0.022636 353.37 385.07 1.2038 0.019545 352.19 383.46 1.1901
160 0.027566 364.63 397.71 1.2450 0.023355 363.51 396.20 1.2298 0.020194 362.40 394.71 1.2164
170 0.028367 374.80 408.84 1.2704 0.024061 373.75 407.43 1.2554 0.020830 372.71 406.04 1.2422
180 0.029158 385.10 420.09 1.2955 0.024757 384.12 418.78 1.2808 0.021456 383.13 417.46 1.2677
 921
Apéndice 1

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750
20 20

kg/m 3
300
400

1500

1450

1400
10 10

1350

1250

0
1300

0
00

0
1200

0
115

0
95
110
/m3

80
90
00

105

85
0 = 200 kg

10
7 60 0
50 Densidad 160
120

100
4 90 4

80
70
60
R-134a

60
50
2 40 2

40
32
24
20
T = 0°C

1 1
Presión, MPa

16
12

0.4 8 0.4
6
–20

gK
0.2 4 0.2

J/k
3.2

6k
1.36

1.44

1.52

1.60
1.68

1.76
1.12
1.20

1.28

1.84

1.92

2.00
0.64
0.72
0.80

0.88

0.96

1.04

8
4

0
2.1
2.0

2.4
2.2

2.3

2.4
2.4

s=
0.1 0.1
–40

1.6
rado

1.2

300
o satu

280
260
240
T = 160°C

220
200
do

0.04 0.8 0.04

180
140
satura
líquid

120
100
–60

0.6

80
60
40
vapor

20
–20
0
–40

0.02 0.4 0.02

.5

6
2.5
X=0

4
0.1

0.3
0.4

0.9
0.3

2.4

2.6
0.6

0.8
0.7
0.2

2
s=

2.7
0.01 0.01
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750
Entalpía, kJ/kg

Figura A-14
Diagrama P-h para el refrigerante 134a.
Nota: El punto de referencia utilizado para la gráfica es diferente al empleado en las tablas de R-134a. Por lo tanto, los problemas deberán resolverse
utilizando todos los datos de propiedades obtenidos, ya sea de las tablas o de la gráfica, pero no de ambas.
Fuente: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia.
 922
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

a) Presiones bajas, 0 < PR < 1.0

TR = 5.00
3.00
1.0
8.00 2.00
6.00 5.00
4.00 3.50

0.60
0.

0.60
75 3.00 1.60
2.60 2.40 .20

0.7
2
2.00

0
0.9 1.40
0.8
0 1.80 1.30
1.60 .50
1
0.8 1.40
1.30
5 1.20
1.20
0.8 0.9
1.10
0 1.15
FACTOR DE COMPRESIBILIDAD, Z = —–
Pv
RT

1.00 1.10
NOTA TR = 2.5 Z 1.00 0.90
0.7 0.9
TR = 15 TR = 3.00 5 0.80
---DESVIACIÓN > 1.0% 1.0
5
0.7
GRÁFICA GENERALIZADA v R=
0.6 DE COMPRESIBILIDAD 1.00 2.00 T
1.60

R
=
1.40
DE NELSON-OBERT

1.
1.20

0
1.10
30 1.05
P 1.00
PRESIÓN REDUCIDA, P = —– 20 0.95
0.5 R Pcr Gráfica Z 0.95 0.90
T

0.60

0.65
TEMPERATURA REDUCIDA, TR = —– núm. 15
Tcr 1
0.85
v 12 10
VOLUMEN PSEUDORREDUCIDO, v = ––—––– 0.80

0.7
R
RTcr / Pcr vRr

0
0.4 0.90 0.75
0.00 0.05 0.10

1953 PR

0.3
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
PRESIÓN REDUCIDA, P
R

b) Presiones intermedias, 0 < PR < 7

1.10 3.50
TR = 5.00
2.50

1.00
00 2.00
35.

00
00 60 1.40 1.80
3.

1.
2.

0
0.90 20 1.0
1. 0 0.80 0.70 1.60
.9 0
FACTOR DE COMPRESIBILIDAD, Z = —–
Pv
RT

0.6 .50
0

=0 1.50
0.80 v R 0.45
0
0.4 1.40
5
0.3
0
0.70 0.3
1.30 0.25
.20
=0
0.60 vR
1.20

0.50 GRÁFICA GENERALIZADA

1.15 DE COMPRESIBILIDAD
DE NELSON-OBERT
P
0.40 1.10 PRESIÓN REDUCIDA, PR = —–
Pcr Gráfica
T
TEMPERATURA REDUCIDA, TR = —– núm.
Tcr
v 2
1.05 VOLUMEN PSEUDORREDUCIDO, v = —–
R
RTcr / Pcr
0.30

TR = 1.00 1953

0.20
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0
PRESIÓN REDUCIDA, P
R

Figura A-15
Carta generalizada de compresibilidad de Nelson-Obert.
Con autorización del doctor Edward E. Obert, Universidad de Wisconsin.
 923
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-16
Propiedades de la atmósfera a gran altitud
Velocidad Conductivi-
Altitud, Temperatura, Presión, Gravedad del sonido, Densidad, Viscosidad dad térmica,
m °C kPa g, m/s2 m/s kg/m3 m, kg/m · s W/m · K
0 15.00 101.33 9.807 340.3 1.225 1.789  105 0.0253
200 13.70 98.95 9.806 339.5 1.202 1.783  105 0.0252
400 12.40 96.61 9.805 338.8 1.179 1.777  105 0.0252
600 11.10 94.32 9.805 338.0 1.156 1.771  105 0.0251
800 9.80 92.08 9.804 337.2 1.134 1.764  105 0.0250
1000 8.50 89.88 9.804 336.4 1.112 1.758  105 0.0249
1200 7.20 87.72 9.803 335.7 1.090 1.752  105 0.0248
1400 5.90 85.60 9.802 334.9 1.069 1.745  105 0.0247
1600 4.60 83.53 9.802 334.1 1.048 1.739  105 0.0245
1800 3.30 81.49 9.801 333.3 1.027 1.732  105 0.0244
2000 2.00 79.50 9.800 332.5 1.007 1.726  105 0.0243
2200 0.70 77.55 9.800 331.7 0.987 1.720  105 0.0242
2400 0.59 75.63 9.799 331.0 0.967 1.713  105 0.0241
2600 1.89 73.76 9.799 330.2 0.947 1.707  105 0.0240
2800 3.19 71.92 9.798 329.4 0.928 1.700  105 0.0239
3000 4.49 70.12 9.797 328.6 0.909 1.694  105 0.0238
3200 5.79 68.36 9.797 327.8 0.891 1.687  105 0.0237
3400 7.09 66.63 9.796 327.0 0.872 1.681  105 0.0236
3600 8.39 64.94 9.796 326.2 0.854 1.674  105 0.0235
3800 9.69 63.28 9.795 325.4 0.837 1.668  105 0.0234
4000 10.98 61.66 9.794 324.6 0.819 1.661  105 0.0233
4200 12.3 60.07 9.794 323.8 0.802 1.655  105 0.0232
4400 13.6 58.52 9.793 323.0 0.785 1.648  105 0.0231
4600 14.9 57.00 9.793 322.2 0.769 1.642  105 0.0230
4800 16.2 55.51 9.792 321.4 0.752 1.635  105 0.0229
5000 17.5 54.05 9.791 320.5 0.736 1.628  105 0.0228
5200 18.8 52.62 9.791 319.7 0.721 1.622  105 0.0227
5400 20.1 51.23 9.790 318.9 0.705 1.615  105 0.0226
5600 21.4 49.86 9.789 318.1 0.690 1.608  105 0.0224
5800 22.7 48.52 9.785 317.3 0.675 1.602  105 0.0223
6000 24.0 47.22 9.788 316.5 0.660 1.595  105 0.0222
6200 25.3 45.94 9.788 315.6 0.646 1.588  105 0.0221
6400 26.6 44.69 9.787 314.8 0.631 1.582  105 0.0220
6600 27.9 43.47 9.786 314.0 0.617 1.575  105 0.0219
6800 29.2 42.27 9.785 313.1 0.604 1.568  105 0.0218
7000 30.5 41.11 9.785 312.3 0.590 1.561  105 0.0217
8000 36.9 35.65 9.782 308.1 0.526 1.527  105 0.0212
9000 43.4 30.80 9.779 303.8 0.467 1.493  105 0.0206
10,000 49.9 26.50 9.776 299.5 0.414 1.458  105 0.0201
12,000 56.5 19.40 9.770 295.1 0.312 1.422  105 0.0195
14,000 56.5 14.17 9.764 295.1 0.228 1.422  105 0.0195
16,000 56.5 10.53 9.758 295.1 0.166 1.422  105 0.0195
18,000 56.5 7.57 9.751 295.1 0.122 1.422  105 0.0195

Fuente: U.S. Standard Atmosphere Supplements. Oficina de Impresiones del Gobierno de Estados Unidos, 1966. Basadas en las condiciones medias anuales a
una latitud de 45° y una variación de acuerdo con la época del año y con los patrones del clima. Las condiciones al nivel del mar (z = 0) se consideran como
P = 101.325 kPa, T = 15 °C, r = 1.2250 kg/m3, g = 9.80665 m2/s.
 924
Tablas de propiedades, figuras y diagramas (unidades SI)

Tabla A-17
Propiedades de gas ideal del aire
T h u s° T h u s°
K kJ/kg P r kJ/kg vr kJ/kg · K K kJ/kg P r kJ/kg v r kJ/kg · K
200 199.97 0.3363 142.56 1707.0 1.29559 580 586.04 14.38 419.55 115.7 2.37348
210 209.97 0.3987 149.69 1512.0 1.34444 590 596.52 15.31 427.15 110.6 2.39140
220 219.97 0.4690 156.82 1346.0 1.39105 600 607.02 16.28 434.78 105.8 2.40902
230 230.02 0.5477 164.00 1205.0 1.43557 610 617.53 17.30 442.42 101.2 2.42644
240 240.02 0.6355 171.13 1084.0 1.47824 620 628.07 18.36 450.09 96.92 2.44356
250 250.05 0.7329 178.28 979.0 1.51917 630 638.63 19.84 457.78 92.84 2.46048
260 260.09 0.8405 185.45 887.8 1.55848 640 649.22 20.64 465.50 88.99 2.47716
270 270.11 0.9590 192.60 808.0 1.59634 650 659.84 21.86 473.25 85.34 2.49364
280 280.13 1.0889 199.75 738.0 1.63279 660 670.47 23.13 481.01 81.89 2.50985
285 285.14 1.1584 203.33 706.1 1.65055 670 681.14 24.46 488.81 78.61 2.52589
290 290.16 1.2311 206.91 676.1 1.66802 680 691.82 25.85 496.62 75.50 2.54175
295 295.17 1.3068 210.49 647.9 1.68515 690 702.52 27.29 504.45 72.56 2.55731
298 298.18 1.3543 212.64 631.9 1.69528 700 713.27 28.80 512.33 69.76 2.57277
300 300.19 1.3860 214.07 621.2 1.70203 710 724.04 30.38 520.23 67.07 2.58810
305 305.22 1.4686 217.67 596.0 1.71865 720 734.82 32.02 528.14 64.53 2.60319
310 310.24 1.5546 221.25 572.3 1.73498 730 745.62 33.72 536.07 62.13 2.61803
315 315.27 1.6442 224.85 549.8 1.75106 740 756.44 35.50 544.02 59.82 2.63280
320 320.29 1.7375 228.42 528.6 1.76690 750 767.29 37.35 551.99 57.63 2.64737
325 325.31 1.8345 232.02 508.4 1.78249 760 778.18 39.27 560.01 55.54 2.66176
330 330.34 1.9352 235.61 489.4 1.79783 780 800.03 43.35 576.12 51.64 2.69013
340 340.42 2.149 242.82 454.1 1.82790 800 821.95 47.75 592.30 48.08 2.71787
350 350.49 2.379 250.02 422.2 1.85708 820 843.98 52.59 608.59 44.84 2.74504
360 360.58 2.626 257.24 393.4 1.88543 840 866.08 57.60 624.95 41.85 2.77170
370 370.67 2.892 264.46 367.2 1.91313 860 888.27 63.09 641.40 39.12 2.79783
380 380.77 3.176 271.69 343.4 1.94001 880 910.56 68.98 657.95 36.61 2.82344
390 390.88 3.481 278.93 321.5 1.96633 900 932.93 75.29 674.58 34.31 2.84856
400 400.98 3.806 286.16 301.6 1.99194 920 955.38 82.05 691.28 32.18 2.87324
410 411.12 4.153 293.43 283.3 2.01699 940 977.92 89.28 708.08 30.22 2.89748
420 421.26 4.522 300.69 266.6 2.04142 960 1000.55 97.00 725.02 28.40 2.92128
430 431.43 4.915 307.99 251.1 2.06533 980 1023.25 105.2 741.98 26.73 2.94468
440 441.61 5.332 315.30 236.8 2.08870 1000 1046.04 114.0 758.94 25.17 2.96770
450 451.80 5.775 322.62 223.6 2.11161 1020 1068.89 123.4 776.10 23.72 2.99034
460 462.02 6.245 329.97 211.4 2.13407 1040 1091.85 133.3 793.36 23.29 3.01260
470 472.24 6.742 337.32 200.1 2.15604 1060 1114.86 143.9 810.62 21.14 3.03449
480 482.49 7.268 344.70 189.5 2.17760 1080 1137.89 155.2 827.88 19.98 3.05608
  490 492.74 7.824 352.08 179.7 2.19876 1100 1161.07 167.1 845.33 18.896 3.07732
500 503.02 8.411 359.49 170.6 2.21952 1120 1184.28 179.7 862.79 17.886 3.09825
510 513.32 9.031 366.92 162.1 2.23993 1140 1207.57 193.1 880.35 16.946 3.11883
520 523.63 9.684 374.36 154.1 2.25997 1160 1230.92 207.2 897.91 16.064 3.13916
530 533.98 10.37 381.84 146.7 2.27967 1180 1254.34 222.2 915.57 15.241 3.15916
540 544.35 11.10 389.34 139.7 2.29906 1200 1277.79 238.0 933.33 14.470 3.17888
550 555.74 11.86 396.86 133.1 2.31809 1220 1301.31 254.7 951.09 13.747 3.19834
560 565.17 12.66 404.42 127.0 2.33685 1240 1324.93 272.3 968.95 13.069 3.21751
570 575.59 13.50 411.97 121.2 2.35531
 925
Apéndice 1

Tabla A-17
Propiedades de gas ideal del aire (conclusión)
T h u s° T h u s°
K kJ/kg P r kJ/kg vr kJ/kg · K K kJ/kg Pr kJ/kg vr kJ/kg · K
1260 1348.55 290.8 986.90 12.435 3.23638 1600 1757.57 791.2 1298.30 5.804 3.52364
1280 1372.24 310.4 1004.76 11.835 3.25510 1620 1782.00 834.1 1316.96 5.574 3.53879
1300 1395.97 330.9 1022.82 11.275 3.27345 1640 1806.46 878.9 1335.72 5.355 3.55381
1320 1419.76 352.5 1040.88 10.747 3.29160 1660 1830.96 925.6 1354.48 5.147 3.56867
1340 1443.60 375.3 1058.94 10.247 3.30959 1680 1855.50 974.2 1373.24 4.949 3.58335
1360 1467.49 399.1 1077.10 9.780 3.32724 1700 1880.1 1025 1392.7 4.761 3.5979
1380 1491.44 424.2 1095.26 9.337 3.34474 1750 1941.6 1161 1439.8 4.328 3.6336
1400 1515.42 450.5 1113.52 8.919 3.36200 1800 2003.3 1310 1487.2 3.994 3.6684
1420 1539.44 478.0 1131.77 8.526 3.37901 1850 2065.3 1475 1534.9 3.601 3.7023
1440 1563.51 506.9 1150.13 8.153 3.39586 1900 2127.4 1655 1582.6 3.295 3.7354
1460 1587.63 537.1 1168.49 7.801 3.41247 1950 2189.7 1852 1630.6 3.022 3.7677
1480 1611.79 568.8 1186.95 7.468 3.42892 2000 2252.1 2068 1678.7 2.776 3.7994
1500 1635.97 601.9 1205.41 7.152 3.44516 2050 2314.6 2303 1726.8 2.555 3.8303
1520 1660.23 636.5 1223.87 6.854 3.46120 2100 2377.7 2559 1775.3 2.356 3.8605
1540 1684.51 672.8 1242.43 6.569 3.47712 2150 2440.3 2837 1823.8 2.175 3.8901
1560 1708.82 710.5 1260.99 6.301 3.49276 2200 2503.2 3138 1872.4 2.012 3.9191
1580 1733.17 750.0 1279.65 6.046 3.50829 2250 2566.4 3464 1921.3 1.864 3.9474

Nota: Las propiedades Pr (presión relativa) y vr (volumen específico relativo) son cantidades adimensionales utilizadas en el análisis de procesos isentrópicos y
no deben confundirse con las propiedades de presión y volumen específico.
Fuente: Kenneth Wark, Thermodynamics, 4a. ed., Nueva York, McGraw-Hill, 1983, pp. 785-786, Tabla A-5. Publicada originalmente en J. H. Keenan y J. Kaye,
Gas Tables, Nueva York, John Wiley & Sons, 1948.