Gerund and Infinitive

GERUND AND INFINITIVE
El gerundio y el infinitivo son formas de los verbos que actúan como nombres. El gerundio se forma con “-ing”
(walking, eating, etc, el infinitivo se forma con la preposición “to” (to walk, to eat, etc.).
¿PERO CUÁNDO SE USA?
Cuando un verbo sigue a otro verbo, siempre necesitamos usar el infinitivo o el gerundio. Normalmente
usamos el infinitivo después de algunos verbos y el gerundio después de otros. También hay verbos con los que
podemos usar el gerundio o el infinitivo.
Puede parecer complicado, pero aquí os dejo unos truquitos para que la lista se haga más cortita y esto sea coser y
cantar.
¿Cuándo usamos gerundio? ¿Cuándo usamos infinitivo?

Como sujeto de la oración (cuando el verbo Tras muchos adjetivos
empieza la frase) Ejemplo: I’m delighted to meet you
Ejemplo: Smoking is bad for you
Tras preposiciones Tras superlativos (the most, the biggest…) y
Ejemplo: I’ve been thinking about coming to expresiones como the last, the first, the
your house second, the next…
Ejemplo:
Joey was the last one to leave the party.
Susie is the youngest person to win this
prize.
Cuando el segundo verbo es el Complemento Cuando detrás del primer verbo tenemos un
Directo de una oración (se puede sustituir Complemento Directo (una persona o un
por eso) pronombre)
Ejemplo: My favourite hobby is collecting Ejemplo:
stamps. I persuaded Anna to go to the park
I asked her to go with me
Con el verbo go cuando hablamos de
deportes o actividades.
Ejemplo: I want to go skating tonight.
VERBOS MÁS COMUNES SEGUIGOS DE GERUNDIO
o enjoy: I enjoyed living in France.

o fancy: I fancy seeing a film tonight.
o discuss: We discussed going on holiday together.
o dislike: I dislike waiting for buses.
o finish: We've finished preparing for the meeting.
o mind: I don't mind coming early.
o suggest: He suggested staying at the Grand Hotel.
o recommend: They recommended meeting earlier.
o keep: He kept working, although he felt ill.
o avoid: She avoided talking to her boss.
o miss: She misses living near the beach.

o appreciate: I appreciated her helping me.
o delay: He delayed doing his taxes.
o postpone: He postponed returning to Paris
o practise: She practised singing the song.
o consider: She considered moving to New York.
o can't stand: He can't stand her smoking in the office.
o can't help: He can't help talking so loudly.
o risk: He risked being caught.
o admit: He admitted cheating on the test.
o Look forward to: I’m looking forward to meeting you
o deny: He denied committing the crime.

o mention: He mentioned going to that college.
o imagine: He imagines working there one day.
o tolerate: I tolerated her talking.
o understand: I understand his quitting.
o involve: The job involves travelling to Japan once a month.
o complete: He completed renovating the house.
o report: He reported her stealing the money.
o anticipate: I anticipated arriving late.
o recall: Tom recalled using his credit card at the store.
VERBOS SEGUIGOS DE INFINITIVO
o agree: She agreed to give a presentation at the meeting.
o ask: I asked to leave early / I asked him to leave early.
o decide: We decided to go out for dinner.
o help: He helped to clean the kitchen / he helped his flatmate to clean the kitchen.
o plan: She plans to buy a new flat next year.
o hope: I hope to pass the exam.
o learn: They are learning to sing.
o want: I want to come to the party / I want him to come to the party.
o would like: I would like to see her tonight / I would like you to see her tonight.
o promise: We promised not to be late.
o can afford: We can't afford to go on holiday.

o manage: He managed to open the door without the key.
o prepare*: They prepared to take the test /the teachers prepared the students to take the
test.
o demand: He demanded to speak to Mr. Harris.
o choose: I chose to help.
o offer: Frank offered to drive us to the supermarket.
o wait: She waited to buy a movie ticket.
o would hate*: I'd hate to be late / I'd hate you to be late.
o would love*: I'd love to come / I'd love him to come.
o seem: Nancy seemed to be disappointed.

o expect*: They expect to arrive early / they expect Julie to arrive early
o intend: We intend to visit you next spring.
o pretend: The child pretended to be a monster.
o refuse: The guard refused to let them enter the building.
o tend: He tends to be a little shy.
o would prefer*: I'd prefer to do it / I'd prefer him to do it.
o deserve: He deserves to go to jail.
o appear: His health appeared to be better.
o arrange: Naomi arranged to stay with her cousin in Miami.
o claim: She claimed to be a princess.
EXCEPCIONES
Hay una serie de verbos que pueden ir tanto con gerundio como infinitivo, pero cambia su
significado según el que uses. Veámoslos:
Remember + gerundio
Se usa cuando nos acordamos de que algo pasó en el pasado. Tienes un recuerdo de ese momento.
o I remember going to the beach when I was a child. (= Tengo el recuerdo de ir a la playa).
o He remembers closing the door. (= Tiene el recuerdo de cerrar la puerta).
Remember + to + infinitivo
Se usa cuando nos acordamos de tener que hacer algo.
o I remembered to buy milk. (= Me acordé de que tenía que comprar leche).

o She remembered to send a card to her grandmother. (Se acordó de que tenía que enviarle
una postal a su abuela.
Forget + gerund
Significa justo lo contrario a remember + gerundio. Se usa cuando hablamos de que hemos
olvidado que algo sucedió en el pasado.
o Have we really studied this topic before? I forget reading about it. (Se me ha olvidado
estudiarlo)
o I told my brother that we'd spent Christmas at Granny's house in 1985, but he'd forgotten
going there. (Se olvidó de que habían ido allí, de que ese momento ocurrió)
Forget + to + infinitive
Significa justo lo contrario a remember + to + infinitivo. Se usa cuando te olvidas de que tienes que
hacer algo.
o I forgot to call my mother. (Me olvidé de llamar a mi madre, quería hacerlo, pero se me
olvidó).
o She keeps forgetting to bring his book back. (Se olvida siempre de devolverle su libro.)
Try + gerundio
Lo usamos cuando nos referimos a un experimento, a probar algo nuevo y fácil de hacer para ver si
haciéndolo tiene el resultado que esperamos.
o I wanted to stop smoking, so I tried using nicotine patches. (Probó con los parches de
nicotina como experimento para ver si le ayudaba a dejar de fumar)
o She tried giving up chocolate, but it didn't help her lose weight. (probó a dejar el chocolate
como experimento para adelgazar, pero no funcionó).
Try + to + infinitive
En este caso se usa cuando porbamos a hacer algo que requiere un esfuerzo muy grande (muchas
veces físico).
o I'll try to carry the suitcase, but it looks too heavy for me. (Intentaré cargar la maleta, pero
es demasiado pesada)
o She tried to catch the bus, but she couldn't run fast enough. (Coger el autobús implicaba un
esfuerzo tan grande que no pudo)
Veamos las diferencias:
o I tried giving up chocolate but it didn't make me feel more healthy. (dejar de comer
chocolate me fue fácil, pero no dio el resultado que esperaba)
o I tried to give up chocolate, but it was too hard. I always ate some when my friends offered it
to me. (intenté dejar de comer chocolate, pero me fue imposible, era un esfuerzo demasiado
grande)
o It was too hot in the room. I tried opening the window. It didn't help though, because it was
very hot outside too. (abrir la Ventana es un esfuerzo mínimo).
o I tried to open the window, but I couldn't because it was stuck. (en este caso el esfuerzo de
abrir la Ventana fue extenuante porque estaba atascada)
Stop + gerundio
Cuando lo usamos con gerundio significa que lo que paramos es la acción del verbo con -ing. Se
suele parar en ese momento o parar para siempre.
o I stopped working when I was expecting a baby. (Paré de trabajar completamente).

o My grandmother stopped driving when she was 85. (Dejó de conducer totalemente).
o My boss came into the room, so I stopped browsing the internet.
o There was a fire alarm, so I stopped eating and went outside.
Stop + to + infinitivo
En este caso paramos de hacer algo para hacer la acción del verbo en infinitivo (to+ verb)
o I stopped to eat lunch. (Paré para comer)

o She was shopping and she stopped to get a cup of coffee. (Paré completamente de comprar y
luego pare para tomarme una taza de café).
Comparémoslos
o I stopped smoking. (He dejado de fumar para siempre o en ese momento, pero
completamente)
o I stopped to smoke. (Paré de hacer algo para fumar).
Regret + gerundio
Con gerundio significa arrepetirse de hacer algo
o I regret going to bed so late. I'm really tired today. (Me arrepiento de haberlo hecho)
o She regrets leaving school when she was sixteen. She wishes that she had studied more and
then gone to university.
Regret + to + infinitivo
Con infinitivo se usa para comunicar malas noticias. Lamento informarle, lamento decirle…
o I regret to tell you that the train has been delayed. (Lamento informarle de que el tren ha
sido retrasado)
o The company regrets to inform employees that the London office will close next year.
¡ CUIDADO !
Be used to y get used to llevan ing detrás : I got used to eating vegetables
I’m used to wearing short pants
Sin embargo, used to a secas NO lleva -ing: I used to play football when I was a child

Gerund and Infinitive

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GERUND AND INFINITIVE

¿PERO CUÁNDO SE USA?

¿Cuándo usamos gerundio? ¿Cuándo usamos infinitivo?

o enjoy: I enjoyed living in France.

o miss: She misses living near the beach.

o deny: He denied committing the crime.

o can afford: We can't afford to go on holiday.

o seem: Nancy seemed to be disappointed.

Se usa cuando nos acordamos de tener que hacer algo.

o I remembered to buy milk. (= Me acordé de que tenía que comprar leche).

Veamos las diferencias:

o I stopped working when I was expecting a baby. (Paré de trabajar completamente).

o I stopped to eat lunch. (Paré para comer)

Con gerundio significa arrepetirse de hacer algo

I’m used to wearing short pants

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