Lenguajes Humanos Ingles

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1 . HUMAN LANGUAGE depends on two main elements words and numbers . Our
daily lives are full of numbers : ages , sizes , money , time , dates , measurements , etc.
People from the pyramid - builders and explorers of the ancient world to the astronauts
and computer programmers of modern times , have used them . It is impossible to
imagine the world without numbers and , of course , science , especially mathematics ,
involves numbers .

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1 . El LENGUAJE HUMANO depende de dos elementos principales: palabras y
números. Nuestra vida diaria está llena de números: edades, tamaños, dinero, tiempo,
fechas, medidas, etc. Personas desde los constructores de pirámides y exploradores del
mundo antiguo hasta los astronautas y programadores informáticos de los tiempos
modernos, los han utilizado. Es imposible imaginar el mundo sin números y, por
supuesto, la ciencia, especialmente las matemáticas, involucra números.
2. THE EARLIEST evidence for numbers goes back over 8,000 years : Counting
marks have been found on very old stones and wooden sticks , and crude drawings
representing numbers have been discovered on the walls of caves . However , the first
proper numbers were probably made by the Sumerians in the region known as
Mesopotamia About 5,500 years ago , they developed a system of symbols to represent
words and numerals using a wooden " pencil " called a stylus which was pressed into a
clay tablet to produce the marks known as cunciform writing
Most probably , the very first way of counting was on the ten fingers of a man's hands .
Aristotle noted that the development of the decimal system comes from this fact . In
spite of this , many early civilisations used binary , trinary and quinary systems . Even
today there are still some primitive tribes who count no further than three .
2. LA evidencia MÁS ANTIGUA de los números se remonta a más de 8.000 años: se
han encontrado marcas de conteo en piedras y palos de madera muy antiguos, y se han
descubierto toscos dibujos que representan números en las paredes de las cuevas. Sin
embargo, los primeros números adecuados probablemente fueron hechos por los
sumerios en la región conocida como Mesopotamia. Hace unos 5.500 años,
desarrollaron un sistema de símbolos para representar palabras y números utilizando un
"lápiz" de madera llamado estilo, que se presionaba en una tablilla de arcilla para
producir las marcas conocidas como escritura cunciforme. Probablemente, la primera
forma de contar fue con los diez dedos de la mano de un hombre. Aristóteles señaló que
el desarrollo del sistema decimal proviene de este hecho. A pesar de esto, muchas
civilizaciones tempranas utilizaron sistemas binarios, trinarios y quinarios. Aún hoy
existen algunas tribus primitivas que no cuentan más de tres.
3. THE BABYLONIANS , as traders , needed a quick and easy way of dealing with
large numbers . They used the sexadecimal system based on sixties , and that is the main
reason why we still measure time as 60 seconds in 1 minute , and 60 minutes in 1 hour .
The Romans , on the other hand , were poor mathematicians , even though they were
SO advanced in other ways . They relied on numbers to organise their armies and
conquer their vast empire , but they had no symbol for zero Their system of numerals is
still seen today on some clock faces , for instance . The numerals we use today , i.e. 1 , 2
, 3 and so on , are basically Arabic in origin . The Arabs also popularised the use of the
symbol for zero , even though it was really an invention of the ancient Indians . Arabic
numerals began to be used in Europe in the 10th century . Other ancient peoples like the
Chinese , Egyptians , Greeks and Mayas in Central America , all developed their own
number system and numerals .

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