Humanities and social science research, Nov 7, 2023
During the corona pandemic, governments of all countries appealed strongly to the trust of their ... more During the corona pandemic, governments of all countries appealed strongly to the trust of their populations by implementing drastic social and economic measures to prevent the spread of the virus. This study seeks to understand mechanisms that influence the level of institutional trust at the time of the corona pandemic. We are specifically interested in how three explanatory factors (socioeconomic status, experienced economic insecurity and dissatisfaction with the implemented corona policies) can, in mutual association, explain differences in institutional trust. This study is based on data from a large-scale panel survey on the social impact of COVID-19 in the Netherlands, carried out by Kieskompas research agency (N=22,696). Using a serial mediation analysis, we show that SES has both a direct and indirect effect on the level of institutional trust. People with higher SES experience less economic insecurity and have less dissatisfaction with the corona policies and, partly as a result of this, stronger institutional trust. It is also true that economic insecurity increases dissatisfaction with the corona policies and, partly as a result of this, weakens the level of trust.
A key finding of contemporary migration research relates to the crucial role of social networks a... more A key finding of contemporary migration research relates to the crucial role of social networks and informal support within migrant networks in the initiation and the continuation of migration flows between sending and receiving countries (Massey, 1990; Massey et al., 2005; Epstein, 2008; Faist, 2010; Boyd and Nowak, 2013). Migrant networks encourage migration in numerous ways, both directly and indirectly. Whereas ‘pioneer’ migrants have to find their way to and in the destination country on their own, by facilitating their successors—giving, contributing to transport costs and providing access to housing and employment—they make migration easier and cheaper, and thus more attractive for potential new migrants. But previous migrants encourage migration also indirectly. Frequent home visits and transnational communication spread information about the benefits of migration and contribute to the rise of a ‘culture of migration’ in the home country. Bakewell and Jolivet (Chapter 9, in this volume) describe these personal or impersonal ‘messages’ from previous migrants to prospective migrants as ‘personal network feedback’ and ‘general broadcast feedback’. But in whatever way, migration networks contribute to migration up to the point that migration flows perpetuate, ‘independent of their initial conditions’ (Mabogunje, 1970, p. 14).
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jul 31, 2022
doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by pee... more doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice.
and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requi... more and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
Sinds 2007 voert Bureau Frontlijn in Rotterdam het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding uit. Dit bureau ... more Sinds 2007 voert Bureau Frontlijn in Rotterdam het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding uit. Dit bureau heeft tot taak om nieuwe methoden en aanpakken van stedelijk beleid in Rotterdam te ontwikkelen en, indien werkzaam, over te dragen aan reguliere diensten van het Rotterdams stadsbestuur. In het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding worden zogenoemde achterstandsgezinnen op pragmatische wijze begeleid in de verbetering van hun thuissituatie. Hierbij speelt het wegnemen van risicofactoren in de opvoed-en opgroeisituatie een grote rol. Met behulp van stagiaires worden gezinnen op zes leefvelden terzijde gestaan, te weten: wonen, werk & inkomen, gezondheid & hulpverlening, scholing, sociale participatie en veiligheid. De bedoeling van deze studie is niet alleen om dit Rotterdamse project te evalueren, maar ook om een-in Nederland-nieuwe evaluatiemethode uit te proberen. Het betreft de Theory of Change (ToC) methode, die ontwikkeld is door Carol Weiss (1995). Weiss concludeert dat de ToC een goed instrument kan zijn om meer kennis over effectieve sociale interventies te genereren. ToC biedt een mogelijkheid om niet alleen goede interventies te verrichten, maar (belangrijker) om inzicht te krijgen in hoe, wanneer en waarom effectieve sociale interventies worden uitgevoerd. De ToC methode behelst het in kaart brengen van activiteiten, doelen, middelen, assumpties en indicatoren van een sociaal initiatief en het achterhalen welke effecten men daarmee beoogt te bereiken op de korte, middellange en lange termijn. Daarvoor zijn diverse documenten van Bureau Frontlijn bestudeerd en gesprekken met medewerkers (leiding, werkbegeleiders en stagiaires) gevoerd. Op basis hiervan is een Theory of Change model voor het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding gemaakt. Dit model is vervolgens het uitgangspunt geweest voor het uitvoeren van een effectmeting bij die gezinnen die een half jaar uit begeleiding zijn. Het model en de uitkomsten van deze effectmeting vormden de basis voor verdere verbetering van de handelwijze van Bureau Frontlijn in het sociale domein. De onderwerpen die in de effectmeting naar voren zijn gekomen, waren: • De ervaringen van de moeder en het gezin met het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding; • De situatie in het gezin op de zes leefvelden; • Een evaluatie van de eigen situatie en de nazorgfase. De onderzoekers concluderen dat de meeste acute problemen door het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding na de interventieperiode zijn weggenomen, zoals fysieke problemen met de woning, de administratie op orde, aanvragen schuldsanering,
A central theme in criminology is how fear of crime is influenced by the residential context. Mos... more A central theme in criminology is how fear of crime is influenced by the residential context. Most researchers rely on administrative neighbourhoods to define context. These administrative units do not necessarily align with how inhabitants experience their local surroundings. The present study combines administrative neighbourhoods with a more innovative way to measure context. Using geocoded survey data (N = 14.620) in combination with detailed geographic information system data, we construct egohoods with different radii (ranging from 50 to 750 m). We find that crime, ethnic diversity, economic status, disorder and facilities all have an effect on feelings of unsafety. The contextual effects differ in size and are not detected in all spatial contexts, indicating that it matters how and to which scale data are aggregated.
In order to analyse the central characteristics of these specific periods, Moch categorises migra... more In order to analyse the central characteristics of these specific periods, Moch categorises migration systems into four groups according to the distance and the definiteness of the break with home (see Tilly 1978). The first is local migration. Crucial for this system is that people move within their local markets of labour, land and marriage. The second is circular migration. This system is based on the premise that people return home after a specific interval, especially after harvest work. The third system is chain migration. Established migrants bring their family to the new destination or support newcomers to settle by finding jobs and housing for them. The final system is career migration. The needs and geography of 'hiring institutions', for example, the church or the state, prevail over the needs of families or the local communities in this system. The hiring institutions, for example, church personnel or schoolteachers, determine the timing and destination of migration. Moch argues that in each period all four migration systems were present, but that the balance among the various kinds of migration was different. In the pre-industrial world people moved in systems of local, circular, chain and career migration, but local migration was the most dominant migrant system. In the age of early industry, the dominant patterns of local and circular migration were complemented by new forms of chain migration that led to permanent settlement in new destinations, especially to the growing cities. The nineteenth century was an age of urbanisation and industrialisation, a very mobile age in which a shift away from rural migration to circular migration systems, chain migration to urban areas and career migration
Groeiende internationale migratiestromen zijn kenmerkend voor deze tijd van globalisering en toeg... more Groeiende internationale migratiestromen zijn kenmerkend voor deze tijd van globalisering en toegenomen technologische mogelijkheden (vooral in de sfeer van transport en communicatie). Door televisie en andere communicatietechnologieën hebben dorpsbewoners uit India, Sri Lanka of Nigeria -om maar drie landen te noemen -meer dan enkele decennia geleden weet gekregen van de welvarende Westerse wereld. Door toegenomen transportmogelijkheden hebben zij bovendien meer mogelijkheden gekregen om daadwerkelijk naar Europa, Noord-Amerika of andere rijke landen te komen. De aanwezigheid van grote migrantengemeenschappen in Westerse landen stimuleert en faciliteert internationale migratieprocessen nog meer ('kettingmigratie'). Door dit alles krijgen landen als België en Nederland te maken met groeiende groepen nieuwkomers en migranten, mensen die hier op zoek zijn naar een beter bestaan.
The corona pandemic has huge consequences for the mental well-being of the Dutch population. This... more The corona pandemic has huge consequences for the mental well-being of the Dutch population. This article, based on a large-scale internet survey (N=22,696) on the social impact of COVID-19, examines which social groups experience the mental impact of the virus most. Secondly, we examine whether social capital provides protection against these social consequences. We find that the mental consequences of COVID-19 are considerable and increased during 2020. Women, young people, respondents with low incomes and/or poor health experience relatively more fear and stress due to the virus. We do not find a difference between respondents with or without a migration background. Social capital (received support, trust in people and in institutions) has the expected effect: the more support and trust, the less fear and stress. There is a mediation-effect. Older people, respondents with high incomes and/or good health experience less fear and stress, partly because they have more social capital. This is different for females. They would experience even more fear and stress, compared to men, if they would not have more social capital. Social capital indeed provides some protection against the negative mental consequences of COVID-19.
This article explores how individuals with transnational lives handle emotion management in the f... more This article explores how individuals with transnational lives handle emotion management in the form of cognitive and behavioural strategies. Transnational living is defined as spending substantial amounts of time and resources in two or more countries over a longer period. We use data derived through the 'Transnational Lives in the Welfare State' (TRANSWEL) research project, for which we conducted 91 semistructured interviews with 85 individuals and six couples leading transnational lives. These respondents include immigrants living in Norway or the Netherlands as well as native-born residents of both countries who live parts of the year abroad. While the emergent literature highlights how migration and transnationalism generally evoke feelings of nonbelonging, loss, homelessness, sorrow and guilt, we found that for many respondents, transnational living has predominantly positive attributes and that they could manage the emotional challenges of a transnational life. These results can be explained by our respondents' backgrounds, being relatively highly educated and embedded in an advanced welfare state.
Humanities and social science research, Nov 7, 2023
During the corona pandemic, governments of all countries appealed strongly to the trust of their ... more During the corona pandemic, governments of all countries appealed strongly to the trust of their populations by implementing drastic social and economic measures to prevent the spread of the virus. This study seeks to understand mechanisms that influence the level of institutional trust at the time of the corona pandemic. We are specifically interested in how three explanatory factors (socioeconomic status, experienced economic insecurity and dissatisfaction with the implemented corona policies) can, in mutual association, explain differences in institutional trust. This study is based on data from a large-scale panel survey on the social impact of COVID-19 in the Netherlands, carried out by Kieskompas research agency (N=22,696). Using a serial mediation analysis, we show that SES has both a direct and indirect effect on the level of institutional trust. People with higher SES experience less economic insecurity and have less dissatisfaction with the corona policies and, partly as a result of this, stronger institutional trust. It is also true that economic insecurity increases dissatisfaction with the corona policies and, partly as a result of this, weakens the level of trust.
A key finding of contemporary migration research relates to the crucial role of social networks a... more A key finding of contemporary migration research relates to the crucial role of social networks and informal support within migrant networks in the initiation and the continuation of migration flows between sending and receiving countries (Massey, 1990; Massey et al., 2005; Epstein, 2008; Faist, 2010; Boyd and Nowak, 2013). Migrant networks encourage migration in numerous ways, both directly and indirectly. Whereas ‘pioneer’ migrants have to find their way to and in the destination country on their own, by facilitating their successors—giving, contributing to transport costs and providing access to housing and employment—they make migration easier and cheaper, and thus more attractive for potential new migrants. But previous migrants encourage migration also indirectly. Frequent home visits and transnational communication spread information about the benefits of migration and contribute to the rise of a ‘culture of migration’ in the home country. Bakewell and Jolivet (Chapter 9, in this volume) describe these personal or impersonal ‘messages’ from previous migrants to prospective migrants as ‘personal network feedback’ and ‘general broadcast feedback’. But in whatever way, migration networks contribute to migration up to the point that migration flows perpetuate, ‘independent of their initial conditions’ (Mabogunje, 1970, p. 14).
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jul 31, 2022
doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by pee... more doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice.
and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requi... more and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
Sinds 2007 voert Bureau Frontlijn in Rotterdam het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding uit. Dit bureau ... more Sinds 2007 voert Bureau Frontlijn in Rotterdam het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding uit. Dit bureau heeft tot taak om nieuwe methoden en aanpakken van stedelijk beleid in Rotterdam te ontwikkelen en, indien werkzaam, over te dragen aan reguliere diensten van het Rotterdams stadsbestuur. In het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding worden zogenoemde achterstandsgezinnen op pragmatische wijze begeleid in de verbetering van hun thuissituatie. Hierbij speelt het wegnemen van risicofactoren in de opvoed-en opgroeisituatie een grote rol. Met behulp van stagiaires worden gezinnen op zes leefvelden terzijde gestaan, te weten: wonen, werk & inkomen, gezondheid & hulpverlening, scholing, sociale participatie en veiligheid. De bedoeling van deze studie is niet alleen om dit Rotterdamse project te evalueren, maar ook om een-in Nederland-nieuwe evaluatiemethode uit te proberen. Het betreft de Theory of Change (ToC) methode, die ontwikkeld is door Carol Weiss (1995). Weiss concludeert dat de ToC een goed instrument kan zijn om meer kennis over effectieve sociale interventies te genereren. ToC biedt een mogelijkheid om niet alleen goede interventies te verrichten, maar (belangrijker) om inzicht te krijgen in hoe, wanneer en waarom effectieve sociale interventies worden uitgevoerd. De ToC methode behelst het in kaart brengen van activiteiten, doelen, middelen, assumpties en indicatoren van een sociaal initiatief en het achterhalen welke effecten men daarmee beoogt te bereiken op de korte, middellange en lange termijn. Daarvoor zijn diverse documenten van Bureau Frontlijn bestudeerd en gesprekken met medewerkers (leiding, werkbegeleiders en stagiaires) gevoerd. Op basis hiervan is een Theory of Change model voor het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding gemaakt. Dit model is vervolgens het uitgangspunt geweest voor het uitvoeren van een effectmeting bij die gezinnen die een half jaar uit begeleiding zijn. Het model en de uitkomsten van deze effectmeting vormden de basis voor verdere verbetering van de handelwijze van Bureau Frontlijn in het sociale domein. De onderwerpen die in de effectmeting naar voren zijn gekomen, waren: • De ervaringen van de moeder en het gezin met het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding; • De situatie in het gezin op de zes leefvelden; • Een evaluatie van de eigen situatie en de nazorgfase. De onderzoekers concluderen dat de meeste acute problemen door het Programma Praktijkbegeleiding na de interventieperiode zijn weggenomen, zoals fysieke problemen met de woning, de administratie op orde, aanvragen schuldsanering,
A central theme in criminology is how fear of crime is influenced by the residential context. Mos... more A central theme in criminology is how fear of crime is influenced by the residential context. Most researchers rely on administrative neighbourhoods to define context. These administrative units do not necessarily align with how inhabitants experience their local surroundings. The present study combines administrative neighbourhoods with a more innovative way to measure context. Using geocoded survey data (N = 14.620) in combination with detailed geographic information system data, we construct egohoods with different radii (ranging from 50 to 750 m). We find that crime, ethnic diversity, economic status, disorder and facilities all have an effect on feelings of unsafety. The contextual effects differ in size and are not detected in all spatial contexts, indicating that it matters how and to which scale data are aggregated.
In order to analyse the central characteristics of these specific periods, Moch categorises migra... more In order to analyse the central characteristics of these specific periods, Moch categorises migration systems into four groups according to the distance and the definiteness of the break with home (see Tilly 1978). The first is local migration. Crucial for this system is that people move within their local markets of labour, land and marriage. The second is circular migration. This system is based on the premise that people return home after a specific interval, especially after harvest work. The third system is chain migration. Established migrants bring their family to the new destination or support newcomers to settle by finding jobs and housing for them. The final system is career migration. The needs and geography of 'hiring institutions', for example, the church or the state, prevail over the needs of families or the local communities in this system. The hiring institutions, for example, church personnel or schoolteachers, determine the timing and destination of migration. Moch argues that in each period all four migration systems were present, but that the balance among the various kinds of migration was different. In the pre-industrial world people moved in systems of local, circular, chain and career migration, but local migration was the most dominant migrant system. In the age of early industry, the dominant patterns of local and circular migration were complemented by new forms of chain migration that led to permanent settlement in new destinations, especially to the growing cities. The nineteenth century was an age of urbanisation and industrialisation, a very mobile age in which a shift away from rural migration to circular migration systems, chain migration to urban areas and career migration
Groeiende internationale migratiestromen zijn kenmerkend voor deze tijd van globalisering en toeg... more Groeiende internationale migratiestromen zijn kenmerkend voor deze tijd van globalisering en toegenomen technologische mogelijkheden (vooral in de sfeer van transport en communicatie). Door televisie en andere communicatietechnologieën hebben dorpsbewoners uit India, Sri Lanka of Nigeria -om maar drie landen te noemen -meer dan enkele decennia geleden weet gekregen van de welvarende Westerse wereld. Door toegenomen transportmogelijkheden hebben zij bovendien meer mogelijkheden gekregen om daadwerkelijk naar Europa, Noord-Amerika of andere rijke landen te komen. De aanwezigheid van grote migrantengemeenschappen in Westerse landen stimuleert en faciliteert internationale migratieprocessen nog meer ('kettingmigratie'). Door dit alles krijgen landen als België en Nederland te maken met groeiende groepen nieuwkomers en migranten, mensen die hier op zoek zijn naar een beter bestaan.
The corona pandemic has huge consequences for the mental well-being of the Dutch population. This... more The corona pandemic has huge consequences for the mental well-being of the Dutch population. This article, based on a large-scale internet survey (N=22,696) on the social impact of COVID-19, examines which social groups experience the mental impact of the virus most. Secondly, we examine whether social capital provides protection against these social consequences. We find that the mental consequences of COVID-19 are considerable and increased during 2020. Women, young people, respondents with low incomes and/or poor health experience relatively more fear and stress due to the virus. We do not find a difference between respondents with or without a migration background. Social capital (received support, trust in people and in institutions) has the expected effect: the more support and trust, the less fear and stress. There is a mediation-effect. Older people, respondents with high incomes and/or good health experience less fear and stress, partly because they have more social capital. This is different for females. They would experience even more fear and stress, compared to men, if they would not have more social capital. Social capital indeed provides some protection against the negative mental consequences of COVID-19.
This article explores how individuals with transnational lives handle emotion management in the f... more This article explores how individuals with transnational lives handle emotion management in the form of cognitive and behavioural strategies. Transnational living is defined as spending substantial amounts of time and resources in two or more countries over a longer period. We use data derived through the 'Transnational Lives in the Welfare State' (TRANSWEL) research project, for which we conducted 91 semistructured interviews with 85 individuals and six couples leading transnational lives. These respondents include immigrants living in Norway or the Netherlands as well as native-born residents of both countries who live parts of the year abroad. While the emergent literature highlights how migration and transnationalism generally evoke feelings of nonbelonging, loss, homelessness, sorrow and guilt, we found that for many respondents, transnational living has predominantly positive attributes and that they could manage the emotional challenges of a transnational life. These results can be explained by our respondents' backgrounds, being relatively highly educated and embedded in an advanced welfare state.
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