Puc 2-Part 2
Puc 2-Part 2
Puc 2-Part 2
1. Le present
2. Le passé compose
3. Le present progressif
4. Le passe recent
5. L’imparfait
6. Le futur proche
7. Le futur simple
Le passe compose
When we talk about something we’ve done or something that has happened, we use a past tense.
We watched a film.
There are two auxiliary verbs in French: avoir and être. The most commonly used is avoir, but être is also used
in special circumstances. We will explain when to use être as an auxiliary shortly. In the meantime, brush up on
your conjugation of avoir and être… you’ll need to have these down pat to form the passé composé with ease.
AVOIR- TO HAVE
PAST PARTICIPLE
The past participle is the “studied” in the example sentence, “I have studied.” Participles are formed by
changing the endings of the verb, and, depending on the verb group, this change will vary. Let’s look at each
verb group separately: -ER, -IR, and -RE.
-ER Verbs
For all -ER verbs, all we have to do is take off the -ER and replace it with an -É
*Don’t forget the accent aigu on the é, it’s a crucial component of the participle!
Now try to translate the following examples in English following the pattern of the example above.
manger → mangé
je mange → j’ai mangé
-IR Verbs
For regular -IR verbs, take off the -IR and replace it with an -I. That simple.
-RE Verbs
For regular -RE verbs, replace the -RE ending with a -U.
PARLER-TO SPEAK
FINIR- TO FINISH VENDRE-TO SELL
Past Compose j'ai vendu
j'ai parlé j'ai fini tu as vendu
tu as parlé tu as fini il/elle/on a vendu
il/elle/on a parlé il/elle/on a fini nous avons vendu
nous avons parlé nous avons fini vous avez vendu
vous avez parlé vous avez fini ils/elles ont vendu
ils/elles ont parlé ils/elles ont fini
IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES
There are, of course, some commonly used verbs whose past participles do not follow the rules and look a
little unexpected. Some useful ones are listed below:
DORMIR-DORMI OUVRIR-OUVERT
RECEVOIR-RECU POUVOIR-PU
VOULOIR-VOULU FAIRE-FAIT
DEVOIR-DU VIVRE-VECU
AVOIR-EU ETRE-ETE
PLEUVOIR-PLU PRENDRE-PRIS
FALLOIR-FALLU COMPRENDRE-COMPRIS
VOIR-VU APPRENDRE-APPRIS
SAVOIR-SU ECRIRE-ECRIT
BOIRE-BU LIRE-LU
CROIRE-CRU
DIRE-DIT
EXAMPLE- LIRE
j'ai lu
tu as lu
il a lu
nous avons lu
vous avez lu
ils ont lu
Aller Allé to go
Infinitive Past Participle English Meaning
Naître Né to be born
Thankfully, there is an easy way to remember these sixteen verbs by using the mnemonic device “Dr. Mrs. Van
der Tramp.” You’ll notice that the table above is organized so that the first letter of each verb spells this out.
So, besides a few unexpected endings and having to say je suis and tu es in place of j’ai and tu as, what is so
hard about these verbs? Well, the answer is in the participle. Because they use être as the linking verb, the
participle must agree in gender and number with its subject. Feminine subjects add an -E, plural subjects add
an -S. There is no better way to demonstrate this than with an example. Say we are at a party and we see our
friends arrive:
Conjugue les verbes entre parenthèses au passé composé.
PASSE RECENT
To use le passé récent, conjugate venir in the present tense according to the subject, then follow it with
the preposition de and the infinitive of the action verb.
2. Il (porter) toujours des vêtements élégants quand nous (aller) au restaurant où nous (boire) ce délicieux vin
rouge.
4. Elle (être) une femme romantique, elle (adorer) écrire des poèmes.
CODES FOR PC/IMP/PR
PASSE COMPOSE –
IL Y A + 2/3/4 JOURS ( DAYS) ,L’ANNEE ( YEAR) / LE MOIS ( MONTH) , LA SEMAINE( WEEK) , LE WEEKEND –
DERNIER/DERNIERE- LAST, JOURS ( DAYS) ,L’ANNEE ( YEAR) / LE MOIS ( MONTH) , LA SEMAINE( WEEK) , LE
WEEKEND
HIER/AVANT HIER
IMPARFAIT-
TOUS/TOUT/TOUTES/TOUTE
QUAND J’ETAIS.
SOUVENT
CHAQUE