Important

Modified metadata handling in CallbackHandler.py to retain session/user keys for better tracking and marked a test as flaky in test_openai.py.

• Metadata Handling:
  • Modified _strip_langfuse_keys_from_dict in CallbackHandler.py to retain langfuse_session_id and langfuse_user_id keys.
  • Enhances cross-session user activity tracking and request correlation.
  • Aligns with OpenTelemetry trace attributes for better observability.
• Testing:
  • Marked test_response_api_image_input in test_openai.py as flaky and skipped.

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