Petidina

Petidina
Nama sistematis (IUPAC)
	Ethyl 1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate
Data klinis
Nama dagang	Demerol
Kat. kehamilan	C(AU) C(US)
Status hukum	Dikontrol (S8) (AU) Schedule I (CA) ? (UK) Schedule II (US)
Kemungkinan; ketergantungan	High
Rute	By mouth, IV, IM, IT, SC, epidural
Data farmakokinetik
Bioavailabilitas	50–60% (Oral), 80–90% (Oral, in cases of hepatic impairment)
Ikatan protein	65–75%
Metabolisme	Liver
Waktu paruh	2.5–4 hours, 7–11 hours (liver disease)
Ekskresi	Renal
Pengenal
Nomor CAS	57-42-1
Kode ATC	N02AB02
PubChem	CID 4058
Ligan IUPHAR	7221
DrugBank	DB00454
ChemSpider	3918
UNII	9E338QE28F
KEGG	D08343
ChEBI	CHEBI:6754
ChEMBL	CHEMBL607
Data kimia
Rumus	C15H21NO2
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H21NO2/c1-3-18-14(17)15(9-11-16(2)12-10-15)13-7-5-4-6-8-13/h4-8H,3,9-12H2,1-2H3 ; Key:XADCESSVHJOZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

Petidina, juga dikenal sebagai meperidina dan Demerol, adalah sebuah obat luka opioid sintetis dari kelas phenylpiperidine.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] Disintetiskan pada 1939 sebagai sebuah agen antikolinergik potensial oleh kimiawan Jerman Otto Eisleb, properti analgesiknya pertama kali diakui oleh Otto Schaumann saat bekerja untuk IG Farben, Jerman.^[9]

Referensi

^ Ngan Kee WD (April 1998). "Intrathecal pethidine: pharmacology and clinical applications". Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 26 (2): 137–146. doi:10.1177/0310057X9802600202 . PMID 9564390.
^ Ngan Kee WD (June 1998). "Epidural pethidine: pharmacology and clinical experience". Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 26 (3): 247–255. doi:10.1177/0310057X9802600303 . PMID 9619217.
^ "Demerol, Pethidine (meperidine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Diakses tanggal 9 April 2014.
^ Shipton, E (March 2006). "Should New Zealand continue signing up to the Pethidine Protocol?" (PDF). The New Zealand Medical Journal. 119 (1230): U1875. PMID 16532042. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-04-08. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-23.
^ Latta, KS; Ginsberg, B; Barkin, RL (January–February 2002). "Meperidine: a critical review". American Journal of Therapeutics. 9 (1): 53–68. doi:10.1097/00045391-200201000-00010. PMID 11782820.
^ MacPherson RD, Duguid MD (2008). "Strategy to Eliminate Pethidine Use in Hospitals" (PDF). Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research. 38 (2): 88–89. doi:10.1002/j.2055-2335.2008.tb00807.x. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-02-15. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-23.
^ Mather, LE; Meffin, PJ (September–October 1978). "Clinical pharmacokinetics of pethidine". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 3 (5): 352–68. doi:10.2165/00003088-197803050-00002. PMID 359212.
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama AMH
^ Michaelis, Martin; Schölkens, Bernward; Rudolphi, Karl (April 2007). "An anthology from Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology". Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. Springer Berlin. 375 (2): 81–84. doi:10.1007/s00210-007-0136-z. PMID 17310263.

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[1] Ngan Kee WD (April 1998). "Intrathecal pethidine: pharmacology and clinical applications". Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 26 (2): 137–146. doi:10.1177/0310057X9802600202 . PMID 9564390.

[2] Ngan Kee WD (June 1998). "Epidural pethidine: pharmacology and clinical experience". Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 26 (3): 247–255. doi:10.1177/0310057X9802600303 . PMID 9619217.

[3] "Demerol, Pethidine (meperidine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Diakses tanggal 9 April 2014.

[NZ-4] Shipton, E (March 2006). "Should New Zealand continue signing up to the Pethidine Protocol?" (PDF). The New Zealand Medical Journal. 119 (1230): U1875. PMID 16532042. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-04-08. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-23.

[crit-5] Latta, KS; Ginsberg, B; Barkin, RL (January–February 2002). "Meperidine: a critical review". American Journal of Therapeutics. 9 (1): 53–68. doi:10.1097/00045391-200201000-00010. PMID 11782820.

[SHPA-6] MacPherson RD, Duguid MD (2008). "Strategy to Eliminate Pethidine Use in Hospitals" (PDF). Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research. 38 (2): 88–89. doi:10.1002/j.2055-2335.2008.tb00807.x. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-02-15. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-23.

[7] Mather, LE; Meffin, PJ (September–October 1978). "Clinical pharmacokinetics of pethidine". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 3 (5): 352–68. doi:10.2165/00003088-197803050-00002. PMID 359212.

[AMH-8] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama AMH

[Michaelis-9] Michaelis, Martin; Schölkens, Bernward; Rudolphi, Karl (April 2007). "An anthology from Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology". Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. Springer Berlin. 375 (2): 81–84. doi:10.1007/s00210-007-0136-z. PMID 17310263.

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Referensi

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