TOPICS
Search

Hanoi Graph


HanoiGraph

The Hanoi graph H_n corresponding to the allowed moves in the tower of Hanoi problem. The above figure shows the Hanoi graphs for small n. The Hanoi graph H_n can be constructed by taking the vertices to be the odd binomial coefficients of Pascal's triangle computed on the integers from 0 to 2^n-1 and drawing an edge whenever coefficients are adjacent diagonally or horizontally (Pool 1994).

The graph H_n has 3^n vertices (OEIS A000244) and 3(3^n-1)/2 edges (OEIS A029858). Each Hanoi graph has a unique Hamiltonian cycle. (Equivalently, each Hanoi graph has exactly two distinct directed Hamiltonian cycles.)

H_n has 3^(n-1) small triangles, each of which can contain at most one vertex in an independent vertex set. But the triangles are arranged in the plane in such a way that choosing the apex of each gives a (maximum) independent vertex set (S. Wagon, pers. comm., Nov. 18, 2011).

Hanoi graphs are perfect and also uniquely Hamiltonian.

Hanoi graphs are implemented in the Wolfram Language as GraphData[{"Hanoi", n}].


See also

Puz-Graph, Sierpiński Gasket Graph, Tower of Hanoi

Explore with Wolfram|Alpha

References

Berend, D. and Sapir, A. "The Diameter of Hanoi Graphs." Information Processing Lett. 98, 79-85, 2006.Hinz, A. M. "Pascal's Triangle and the Tower of Hanoi." Amer. Math. Monthly 99, 538-544, 1992.Hinz, A. M. and Parisse, D. "On the Planarity of Hanoi Graphs." Expos. Math. 20, 263-268, 2002.Hinz, A. M. and Schief, A. "The Average Distance on the Sierpinski Gasket." Probab. Th. Rel. Fields 87, 129-138, 1990.Hinz, A. M.; Klavžar, S.; Milutinovć, U.; Parisse, D.; and Petr, C. "Metric Properties of the Tower of Hanoi Graphs and Stern's Diatomic Sequence." Europ. J. Combin. 26, 693-708, 2005.Lu, X. M. "Towers of Hanoi Graphs." Internat. J. Comput. Math. 19, 23-38, 1986.Lu, X. M. "Towers of Hanoi with Arbitrary k>=3 Pegs." Internat. J. Comput. Math. 24, 39-54, 1988.Poole, D. G. "The Towers and Triangles of Professor Claus (or, Pascal Knows Hanoi)." Math. Mag. 67, 323-344, 1994.Scorer; R. S.; Grundy, P. M.; and Smith, C. A. B. "Some Binary Games." Math. Gaz. 28, 96-103, 1944.Sloane, N. J. A. Sequences A000244/M2807 and A029858 in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Hanoi Graph

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Hanoi Graph." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HanoiGraph.html

Subject classifications

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy