Antananarivo
Antananarivo adolah ibu kota jo kota tagadang nagara Madagaskar nan talatak di katinggian 1.280 m di ateh pamukaan lauik, manjadiannyo ibu kota nagara tatinggi diantaro nagara-nagara kapulauan. Pado tahun 2018, panduduaknyo bajumlah 1.274.225 jiwa.[1] Iko marupokan pusek pamarentahan, ekonomi, jo budaya nagara.
Antananarivo didirian sakitar tahun 1610[2] atau 1625[3] manuruik babagai catatan. Kota ko alah manjadi kota gadang sajak sabalum maso panjajahan nan awalnyo didirian sabagai rova atau kompleks karajaan nan babantrangi, nan sairiang wakatu bakambang jo di palaweh.[4] Antananarivo dijadian sabagai ibu kota babarapo karajaan. Pado tahun 1894, kota tu diinvasi dek militer Parancih, manyababan ratu Karajaan Madagaskar manyarah sasudah sabuah paluru mariam malubangi sabuah bangunan di rova, nan manimbuan banyak korban jiwa. Parancih kamudian maubah namonyo manjadi Tananarive.[5] Kota tu manjadi ibu kota nagara Madagaskar samanjak kamerdekaan pado tahun 1960.
Rujuakan
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]- ↑ Institut National de la Statistique Madagascar
- ↑ Desmonts 2004, hlm. 114–115.
- ↑ Roman Adrian Cybriwsky, Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2013, p. 15
- ↑ Government of France 1898, hlm. 918–919.
- ↑ Appiah & Gates 2010, hlm. 114.
Bibliografi
[suntiang | suntiang sumber]- Acquier, Jean-Louis (1997) (dalam bahaso fr). Architectures de Madagascar. Berlin: Berger-Levrault. ISBN 978-2-7003-1169-3.
- Ade Ajayi, Jacob Festus (1998). General history of Africa: Africa in the nineteenth century until the 1880s. Paris: UNESCO. ISBN 978-0-520-06701-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=VC7kKcXdDhkC. Diakses pado 3 Pebruari 2011.
- Appiah, Anthony; Gates, Henry (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 1. London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-533770-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC.
- Bradt, Hilary; Austin, Daniel (2011). Madagascar (edisi ke-10th). Guilford, Connecticut: The Globe Pequot Press Inc. ISBN 978-1-84162-341-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=uTRPnMlOcwgC.
- Callet, François (1908) (dalam bahaso fr). Tantara ny andriana eto Madagasikara (histoire des rois). Antananarivo: Imprimerie catholique.
- Campbell, Gwyn (2012). David Griffiths and the Missionary "History of Madagascar". Leiden, the Netherlands: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20980-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=7pDNL4apVpgC.
- Desmonts (2004) (dalam bahaso fr). Madagascar. New York: Editions Olizane. ISBN 978-2-88086-387-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=x57t6B-wo6kC.
- Fournet-Guérin, Catherine (2007). Vivre à Tananarive: géographie du changement dans la capitale malgache. Paris: Karthala Editions. ISBN 978-2-84586-869-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=U_NHlyeI3mcC.
- Government of France (1898). "L'habitation à Madagascar" (dalam bahaso fr). Colonie de Madagascar: Notes, reconnaissances et explorations. 4. Antananarivo, Madagascar: Imprimerie Officielle de Tananarive. https://books.google.com/books?id=Jp3FAAAAMAAJ.
- McLean Thompson, Virginia; Adloff, Richard (1965). The Malagasy Republic: Madagascar today. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-0279-9.
- Nativel, Didier (2005) (dalam bahaso fr). Maisons royales, demeures des grands à Madagascar. Antananarivo, Madagascar: Karthala Éditions. ISBN 978-2-84586-539-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=8IOZLvSrspIC.
- Nativel, D.; Rajaonah, F. (2009) (dalam bahaso fr). Madagascar revisitée: en voyage avec Françoise Raison-Jourde. Paris: Karthala Editions. ISBN 978-2-8111-0174-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=6NHOFJJHOc0C.
- Oliver, Samuel (1886). Madagascar: An Historical and Descriptive Account of the Island and its Former Dependencies. 1. New York: Macmillan and Co. https://books.google.com/books?id=lKtBAAAAIAAJ.
- Shillington, Kevin (2004). Encyclopedia of African History, Volume 1. New York: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
- Sharp, Maryanne; Kruse, Joana (2011). Health, Nutrition, and Population in Madagascar, 2000–09. New York: World Bank. ISBN 978-0-8213-8538-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=CzyjH7BgdlcC.
- UN-Habitat (2012) (dalam bahaso fr). Madagascar: Profil urbain d'Antananarivo. Nairobi, Kenya: UNON. ISBN 978-92-1-132472-3. http://www.unhabitat.org/pmss/getElectronicVersion.aspx?nr=3371&alt=1. Diakses pado 7 Desember 2013.
- Vivier, Jean-Loup (2007) (dalam bahaso fr). Madagascar sous Ravalomanana: La vie politique malgache depuis 2001. Paris: Editions L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-18554-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=4rGifG26P4IC.