Papers by Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops , 2025
A field experiment aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of the spring camellia plant i... more A field experiment aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of the spring camellia plant in different soil moisture conditions (100% FC or well-watered and 50% FC or water-deficit stress) and foliar spraying with ascorbic acid (concentration of 10 and 20 mM) and salicylic acid (0.6 and 1.2 mM) in the semi-arid region of Maragheh in the northwest of Iran (47°53′ E, 37°93′ N; 1682 m above sea level). The results showed that water shortage stress caused a significant decrease in plant height (13%), canopy width (43%), seed yield (22%), number of days to maturity (13%), and number of siliques plan-1 (44%). However, external application of high concentrations of ascorbic acid and to some extent salicylic acid could improve vegetative growth in both irrigation conditions. The highest number of days to maturity (128 days) was recorded with the application of 1.2 mM salicylic acid solution under well-watered conditions. Foliar application of ascorbic acid under water-deficit stress conditions improved the chlorophyll content by 28% compared to the control (S0: spraying with distilled water). Foliar spraying with 10 mM ascorbic acid could increase the number of seeds silique-1 under both water-deficit stress (58%) and well-watered (36%) conditions when compared with control. The highest seed yield was obtained with foliar spraying of 20 mM ascorbic acid under well-watered conditions. This foliar treatment could improve the seed yield by 13% under well-watered conditions and 16% in water-deficit conditions compared to the control. Under water shortage conditions, high concentrations of ascorbic acid and to some extent, salicylic acid can alleviate the effects of drought stress. The results showed that the exogenous application of 10 mM ascorbic acid was very efficient under well-watered conditions. However, spray of growth-stimulating substances was able to alleviate the destructive effects of drought stress to some extent.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops , 2025
Magnetized water as an environmentally friendly method boosts crop yield and quality. In this stu... more Magnetized water as an environmentally friendly method boosts crop yield and quality. In this study, we investigate the effects of magnetized water treatment on vegetation growth responses and physiological parameters and vegetation growth responses of maize plants and physiological parameters. For this purpose, we provided the experimental design for a semi-large scale in the field. We evaluated three irrigation regimes including 2.31 (100%), 1.73 (75%), and 1.15 (50%) inches per foot with magnetized water, and compared to normal irrigation water during the cultivation period. In the context of maize cultivation in the field, it is noteworthy that the use of magnetized water resulted in a higher germination percentage of maize seeds compared to those irrigated with regular water. Furthermore, the length, weight, and number of seeds per ear in magnetized water treatment, especially 100%, were significantly more than control, which increased grain yield (about 30%). Meanwhile, the chlorophyll content of maize was reduced in an irrigation-dependent manner the lowest was in 50% treatment but magnetized water increased photosynthetic pigment content in leaves. The distribution pattern of insoluble sugars mirrored that of soluble sugars under the irrigation regimes in both treatments. However, the application of 100% magnetized water notably enhanced soluble sugars compared to the control. In addition, the production of anthocyanin and carotenoid increased by magnetized water 100% in maize leaves. Proline accumulation was also noted to decrease with reduced irrigation water levels in both magnetized and normal treatment groups, ranging from 100% to 50%. Hence, our findings indicate that the use of magnetic water may enhance crop yield by facilitating the transport of sugars through the increased presence of photosynthetic pigments and enhanced sugar synthesis. This effect is likely influenced by the specific water quantity needed for maize irrigation in conjunction with magnetic water application.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops , 2025
Two species of Amygdalus scoparia L. and A. lycioides Spach. from the Rosaceae family can be foun... more Two species of Amygdalus scoparia L. and A. lycioides Spach. from the Rosaceae family can be found in suitable environmental conditions due to their high resistance to drought and heat and resistance to calcareous soils and attacking nematodes and diseases. The propagation of fruit tree rootstocks through vegetative means can be enhanced through the optimization of micropropagation techniques. This research was done in plant tissue culture laboratory of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Kermanshah in 2018. In this research, the improved micropropagation protocol of these plants, explants of disinfected nodes in MS medium in combination with BA (6-Benzyladenine) hormones, at 6 levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg L-1) in four levels of Indole Butyric Acid (0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg L-1). The experiment was carried out with four replications in a completely randomized factorial design. The results indicated that the highest percentage of explant regeneration in the A. lyciodes genotype was achieved with a combination of 0.5 mg L-1 BA and 0.25 mg L-1 IBA, while in the A. scoparia genotype, the highest regeneration percentage was observed with a combination of 2 mg L-1 BA and 0 mg L-1 IBA. The A. lyciodes genotype exhibited the highest number of shoots when treated with 0.5 mg L-1 BA and 0.25 mg L-1 IBA, while the A. scoparia genotype showed the maximum shoot number at a BA concentration of 2 mg L-1 and IBA concentration of 0 mg L-1.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2025
Cotton is one of the most important industrial plants that can produce products in different clim... more Cotton is one of the most important industrial plants that can produce products in different climates. This project aimed to assess the water requirements, evapotranspiration, and transpiration of cotton plants using a lysimeter device measuring 1.5×2×2 m3. The study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station in Kashmar, Iran, utilizing soil with a silty loam texture. Before planting the type of soil, the important points of the soil moisture indicators, including the moisture in the agricultural capacity (FC) and the wilting point (PWP) were determined. The amount of fertilizer required was determined based on the soil test and the fertilizer recommendation of the Soil and Water Research Institute. The amount of irrigation water was determined in each shift. Irrigation was done when the easily accessible moisture of the soil was drained and the amount of irrigation water was calculated using the formula and was given to a maximum of 10 percent. A water drain should be created. The water given to the lysimeter at each irrigation turn was measured by the water meter and the amount of drain water was also determined after irrigation. Based on the balance equation, plant evapotranspiration (ETc) was calculated. The results showed that the average evaporation and transpiration of cotton plants in the years of implementation of the project (4 years) is equal to 1183 millimeters. This is while this amount has been estimated as 1000.4 mm in the book of estimating the water requirement of plants by Penman-Monteith's formula.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops , 2025
Identifying canola genotypes with high oil percentages and stability across diverse environmental... more Identifying canola genotypes with high oil percentages and stability across diverse environmental conditions is crucial for breeding programs aiming to enhance crop productivity. Drought stress poses a significant challenge to canola yield, making the selection of adaptable genotypes imperative. This study investigates genotype-environment interaction (GEI) to identify stable canola genotypes with consistent oil percentages under varying conditions. Field experiments over two years in irrigated and rainfed environments evaluated fourteen genotypes using a randomized complete block design. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant GEI effects, prompting a search for stable genotypes using stability analysis methods such as AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and GGE (Genotype and Genotype by Environment Interaction) biplots. Results highlight Licord as the most stable genotype, maintaining consistent oil percentage across environments. Genotypes 12, 14, and 5 exhibit minimal interaction, indicating stability, while genotypes 5, 7, 8, and 9 are more influenced by environmental factors, emphasizing the need for targeted breeding strategies.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops , 2025
In order to investigate the state of flowering and fruit formation of olive Conservalia, Zard and... more In order to investigate the state of flowering and fruit formation of olive Conservalia, Zard and Amphisis cultivars under the influence of salicylic acid foliar application and under-irrigation stress in the Dalaho olive research station (longitude of 45˚, 51΄ E and latitude of 34˚, 30΄ N and the height of sea level 581m) of Kermanshah province, a field factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications and three factors (salicylic acid concentrations, Irrigation regimes and olive cultivars) was carried out in 2017 and 2018. Two stages of complete spraying of olive trees with salicylic acid at zero concentrations were performed as control (water spraying), 1.5 and 3 mM, before flowering and before the rapid growth of fruit. Irrigation treatments, including irrigation of 100% (control), 75% and 50% of the water requirement of olive trees during the season, were applied with drip irrigation system. The experimental material of this study was 17-year-old trees of three cultivars of olive cultivars. Each experimental unit consisted of two trees. Care and maintenance of trees were applied equally in all treatments. Notes on the characteristics of flowering and fruit formation, including the number of inflorescences in a branch, the number of flowers in an inflorescence, the length of an inflorescence, the number of perfect flowers in an inflorescence, the length of a flowering branch, the number of fruits in a branch, the number of perfect flowers in Branch and percentage of fruit formation (one month before harvest) were calculated based on complete flower in the branch in different treatments and different cultivars. The results of this research showed that foliar spraying of salicylic acid at a concentration of 3 mM in two growth stages before flowering and before the start of rapid fruit growth of the three studied olive cultivars moderated the effects of water stress. On the other hand, due to the decrease in the amount of irrigation water, the number of inflorescences in the branch, the number of perfect flowers in the inflorescence and the percentage of fruit formation decreased.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2025
Flaxseed is an important crop that is used extensively for medicine, nutrition, and industry. The... more Flaxseed is an important crop that is used extensively for medicine, nutrition, and industry. Then, this research aims to investigate the effect of foliar spraying of bulk and nanoparticle forms of iron and zinc with different particle sizes on yield and its related traits of flaxseed under post-anthesis water deficit. To this end, a split-plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design in three replications was used at Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, in two crop years (2019-2021). The experiment comprised two moisture regimes - optimal irrigation and post-anthesis water deficit, applied in the main plots. Different fertilizers (bulk and nanoparticles with varying particle sizes) and fertilizer concentrations (0, 300, and 600 mg l-1) were tested in the subplot. The results showed that under optimal moisture conditions, the highest grain and biomass yield was in the foliar treatments of iron nanoparticles 20-30 nm and 600 mg l-1 and zinc nanoparticles 10-30 nm and 300 mg l-1, with 2448 and 8432 kg ha-1, respectively and the lowest amount was obtained in the control treatment with 2028 and 7599 kg ha-1. Under post-anthesis water deficit environment, zinc nanoparticles 10-30 nm and 300 mg l-1 caused a 35% increase in grain yield compared to the control treatment (997 kg ha-1). Also, the highest oil percentage and yield were obtained in iron nanoparticles 20-30 nm and 600 mg l-1 with 35.25% and 866 kg ha-1, respectively. In general, the efficiency of iron and zinc nanoparticle fertilizers with different particle sizes was significantly higher than that of iron and zinc bulk forms and control treatment (without fertilization). Nanoparticle fertilizers significantly reduced the adverse effects of late-season water deficit on grain, oil, and biomass yield.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2025
Drought stress in arid and semi-arid regions reduces crop yield. To evaluate the effect of water ... more Drought stress in arid and semi-arid regions reduces crop yield. To evaluate the effect of water production with the Peltier module and its effect on seed germination of cucumber, chickpea, flax, and camelina, a study was conducted in the Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. This study was performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. The factors included irrigation methods and plant species. The irrigation method included water production with the Peltier module, control (without irrigation), and irrigation with distilled water. Results showed that irrigation treatment with the Peltier module and irrigation treatment with distilled water in four plants of cucumber, chickpea, flax, and camelina were not different in terms of germination percentage. In the control treatment (without irrigation), seed germination was zero. In all four plants, the irrigation with the Peltier module had a higher caulicle length and root-to-shoot ratio than the control. In three plants of cucumber, chickpea, and flax, the irrigation with the Peltier module had a higher radicle length, seed vigor based on length, seed vigor based on weight, caulicle length, and radicle weight than the control. It is concluded that the Peltier module can germinate the seeds.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
The intercropping system is regarded as a key strategy for sustainable agriculture, aimed at enha... more The intercropping system is regarded as a key strategy for sustainable agriculture, aimed at enhancing resource use efficiency, reducing environmental stress, and improving farm income. Therefore, to evaluate the intercropping of safflower-chickpea under dryland conditions, a field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with five treatments in the Research Farm of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources at Razi University during 2019-2020. The treatments included monoculture of safflower, monoculture of chickpea, and intercropping of safflower and chickpea with a planting ratio of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 percent. The measured traits included leaf area index (LAI), light absorption, crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth ratio (RGR), total dry matter (TDM), radiation use efficiency (RUE), and grain yield. The results showed that LAI and radiation absorption in intercropping treatments increased by 26.8% and 54.9%, respectively. The CGR in intercropping treatments decreased by 3.6%, but the RGR increased by 2.5%. The RUE was significantly higher in intercropping treatments compared to monoculture. The highest grain yield (2650 kg ha-1) was observed in the 50:50 intercropping ratio. Generally, the results showed that the intercropping of safflower with chickpea led to a more RUE and among the treatments, the 50:50% had higher efficiency.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
One of the most suitable areas for autumn beet cultivation is the tropical regions of Kermanshah ... more One of the most suitable areas for autumn beet cultivation is the tropical regions of Kermanshah province, which requires new cultivars appropriate for cultivation in these regions to be identified and introduced every year. For this purpose, an experiment including 10 sugar beet cultivars named Rosegold, Ratna, Silota, Jera, Beaufort, Rozanab, Barossa, FD15131014, BTS4770 and Joncal was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with four replications in Sarpol Zahab city, 2019. Each plot consisted of three eight-meter rows, with a row distance of 50 cm and the distance between the plants after thinning was 20 cm. Planting was done by hand. The Bolting percentage was recorded before harvest. At the time of harvest, root yield and quality characteristics including the percentage of sugar, sodium, nitrogen and potassium were measured, and the yield of pure and impure sugar and molasses sugar was calculated. The results showed that the yield of investigated cultivars (Rosagold, Beaufort, Gera, Ratna and Uncal) was 111, 116, 114, 105 and 119 tons per hectare with an average of 13-13.5% sugar and bolting was less than 7%. In the year of the experiment, the variety that had the largest cultivated area in the Sarpol Zahab area was the rosegold variety, but the Beaufort, Jara, Ratna, and Jankal varieties had performance and quality equal to or greater than this variety. The bolting percentage was below 3%. The four new varieties of sugar beet are better or equal to the rosegold variety and are recommended for cultivation in the tropical regions of Kermanshah province as an autumn crop.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Abiotic stresses affect the germination of many plants. To evaluate the tolerance of the Securige... more Abiotic stresses affect the germination of many plants. To evaluate the tolerance of the Securiger securidaca medicinal plant to salinity and drought stress in the germination stage, two experiments with a completely randomized design with three replications were conducted in the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of Shahed University. In this experiment, drought stress includes osmotic potentials of zero (control),-0.2,-0.4, and-0.8, and-1.2,-1.4,-1.6, and-2 MPa, which were prepared from polyethylene glycol 6000, and salt stress was applied using sodium chloride (NaCl) at levels of zero, 2, 6, 10, and 14 dS/m. The results showed that drought stress caused a significant decrease in the germination percentage and rate, shoot and root length, and seedling length, and increased total phenol content. With the increase in drought stress levels to-2 MPa, the percentage of germination decreased by 38.86% compared to the control, and the significant decrease in the percentage of germination started at the level of-0.2 MPa. Salinity stress also affected the germination percentage and rate, root and shoot length, seedling length, and phenol content. Increasing phenol content started at the level of drought stress (-1.2 MPa) and salinity stress (6 dS/m) and intensified with the increase in stress. The results of the research showed that increasing the levels of salinity stress up to 14 dS/m and drought stress up to 2 MPa has a significant decrease in the seed germination percentage of S. securidaca, which can be problematic in the establishment of seedlings.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Clematis ispahanica Boiss. is a rare species belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. Clematis ispa... more Clematis ispahanica Boiss. is a rare species belonging to the Ranunculaceae family. Clematis ispahanica is highly valued for its ornamental and medicinal properties. The specific traditional uses of Clematis ispahanica in traditional medicine may include curing neurological disorders, syphilis, malaria, rheumatism, gout, diarrhea, and asthma. In this study, leaves of C. ispahanica were collected from collected from Boanat, Kerman Province, Iran. Essential oil isolated from the leaves of C. ispahanica was evaluated for its chemical composition for the first time. GC/MS analyzed the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemical analysis of the oil from Clematis ispahanica Boiss. revealed the identification of 50 compounds, accounting for 92.5% of the total oil composition. In the leaves oil, the main components detected were phthalic acid, heptacosane, pentadecanoic acid, methyl ester, and apinene with amounts of 51.1 %, 5.8 %, 3.9 %, and 2.9 %, respectively. The analysis of various extracts from Clematis ispahanica Boiss. revealed a significant difference among all of them in Antioxidant activity (AA), Total phenol content (TPC) and Total flavonoid content (TFC) (p≤0.01, p≤0.05). For the antioxidant activity, the results obtained showed that the highest radical scavenging activity was observed in the extract of hexane with IC50 122 μg/ml, and the lowest activity was found in acetone extraction with IC50 170 μg/ml. The highest TPC value was 15.0 mg GAE/g DW in the extract of hexane. The highest TFC belongs to the extract of hexane and methanol with 7.3 mg QE/g and 7.2 mg QE/g. The analysis between TPC (r= 0.708, p≤0.01) and TFC (r= 0.786, p≤0.01) of C. ispahanica and its antioxidant properties were found to have a strong correlation. C. ispahanica exhibits a relatively high level of antioxidant potency and contains a significant amount of total phenolic compounds when extracted with a hexane solvent.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
One phenolic component that might actively contribute to plants' fading resistance mechanism is s... more One phenolic component that might actively contribute to plants' fading resistance mechanism is salicylic acid. This study used a randomized complete block design with six treatment concentrations of 0, 100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/L salicylic acid at the start of the Kharak stage in three repetitions to examine the impact of salicylic acid injection on date bunch fading disorder on the Mazafati cultivar. The study was conducted in the Bam region. In this study, the disorder damage percentage, length, diameter and weight of fruit, fruit flesh-to-kernel ratio, yield, soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, total sugar content and protein percentage were investigated. Experimental date trees treated with 100 mg/L salicylic acid compared to other treatments showed an 18% reduction in the damage of date bunch fading disorder at the level of P<0.01 Duncan test. Also, application of 100 mg/L salicylic acid increased yield by 17 kg in each tree compared to control trees at the level of P<0.01 Duncan test. While certain salicylic acid treatments were successful in lowering date bunch fading disorder damage and boosting experimental date tree yields, they had no discernible impact on the physicochemical characteristics of the fruit. The only variable included in the model, disorder damage, accounted for 86% of the variances, according to stepwise regression analysis. The two variables with the strongest positive and significant correlations were fruit weight with flesh-to-kernel ratio (0.991 **) and total sugar with pH (0.997 **). Except for a drop in soluble solids, total sugar content, and fruit pH in comparison to the control, the findings of Duncan's test categorization indicated that salicylic acid injection raised them in all treatments.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important industrial crops, and is threated with... more Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most important industrial crops, and is threated with various fungal pathogens like Cladosporium fulvum. This fungus secretes Avr9 effector into the apolast of tomato plants and is recognized by the tomato receptor-like protein Cf-9. Avr9-enoding gene is highly expressed during colonization of tomato apoplast. Avr9 shares significant structural similarity with carboxypeptidase inhibitors, expecting to target host apoplastic proteases. So far, despite using sophisticated methodologies, no definitive Avr9-interacting proteins have been successfully identified. One hypothesis is that glycosylation of Avr9 might be crucial for interaction with host target(s). In this study, native proteins secreted by C. fulvum expressing Avr9 were isolated. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that Avr9 is N-glycosylated when secreted by C. fulvum, containing at least two Nacetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and six mannose residues. The necrosis-inducing activity of glycosylated and non-glycosylated Avr9 was determined and it was found that both caused a comparable Cf-9-mediated hypersensitive response. This research represents a crucial advancement in the comprehension of the molecular interactions pertaining to the Avr9 effector. Nevertheless, more thorough examinations are requisite to completely elucidate its functionality and the implications of glycosylation. Refining the experimental parameters and investigating additional potential interactors would presumably augment the reliability of the results.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Water stress is one of the most important limiting abiotic factors for crop plants. The drought r... more Water stress is one of the most important limiting abiotic factors for crop plants. The drought resistance was investigated for 35 camelina doubled haploid lines along with a check cultivar (Sohail), under two irrigation conditions (supplementary irrigation and rainfed), during the crop year 2020-2021. The study was conducted in the randomized complete block design by three replications in three regions of Eslamabad-e Gharb, Mahidasht and Mehrgan. The indices of stress sensitivity (SSI), tolerance (Tol), drought resistance (DTI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (MH), yield stability (YSI) and drought resistance (DI) were calculated using seed yield in two environments of rainfed (Ys) and supplementary irrigation (Yp). There was a significant difference among regions for YS, Yp, MP, GMP, MH, and DTI indices. MP, GMP, MH, DTI and DI indices had significant correlations with two environments. According to MH, MP and GMP, the highest and the lowest drought resistance were observed in the Mehrgan region and Islamabad region, respectively. Mahidasht showed the highest value of drought resistance and Mehrgan showed the lowest value of drought resistance among the lines based on DTI. In addition, the results of the mean comparison, cluster analysis, principal components analysis and the three-dimensional scatter diagram of the lines based on the yield of two environments and the MP index showed that lines 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 7 and the check cultivar had more drought resistant. These lines had high seed yield in two contrast environments and showed more drought resistance, which is recommendable for breeding programs in the climatic conditions of Kermanshah province.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
As the demand for edible oil continues to soar, rapeseed cultivation remains pivotal for sustaina... more As the demand for edible oil continues to soar, rapeseed cultivation remains pivotal for sustainable and efficient oil production, catering to the nutritional needs of a burgeoning population. Given the substantial impact of environmental stress on plant productivity, this study aimed to explore the in vitro responses of calli-derived hypocotyls from five Brassica napus genotypes under varying concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%). The objective was to assess various growth and physiological parameters, including Callus Growth Rate (CGR), Relative Water Content (RWC), Index of Tolerance (INTOL), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and Proline Content (PC). Results unveiled a significant surge in proline content with increasing levels of PEG, with the highest accumulation observed at 40% PEG concentration. These findings suggest that heightened osmotic stress induced by PEG led to a notable rise in proline accumulation in calli-derived hypocotyls. Furthermore, elevated levels of PEG-induced osmotic stress adversely impacted growth parameters such as RWC, RGR, and CGR. Notably, genotypes Geronimo and Arc5 exhibited enhanced drought resistance in in vitro environments compared to other genotypes. These particular genotypes showcased greater resilience and adaptability to PEG-induced osmotic stress, as evidenced by significantly higher measurements of relative water content (RWC), relative growth rate (RGR), and Callus Growth Rate (CGR). Physiological indices like Relative Water Content (RWC), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and Callus Growth Rate (CGR) offer valuable insights into a plant's response to environmental stresses like water scarcity. This selection process is crucial for developing more resistant plant varieties that thrive even in challenging environmental conditions.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Creeping savory is a wild plant that is used for comestible consumption, preparation of beverages... more Creeping savory is a wild plant that is used for comestible consumption, preparation of beverages, and production of sanitary ware and herbal drugs. To investigate the effects of salinity stress and salicylic acid on antioxidant enzymes, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content, proline, and soluble protein content in S. spicigera a factorial experiment was conducted based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and three replications. The experiment was implemented at the greenhouse of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Kermanshah, Iran (2019). Experimental treatments were four levels of salinity (0-50-100-150 mM NaCl) and two levels of salicylic acid (0 and 2 mM). Results showed that increasing salinity levels caused a significant reduction in relative water content, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content. Salinity drastically enhanced the antioxidant activities (SOD, POD, and CAT), and cell proline content. Salicylic acid considerably decreased proline content under salt stress conditions, but improved antioxidant activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and enhanced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid content, protein content, relative water content, and leaf fresh weight under salt stress. Salicylic acid reduced the destructive effect of salinity on some morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics in creeping savory.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Electromagnetic waves are one of the tensions around agricultural plants, which have recently bee... more Electromagnetic waves are one of the tensions around agricultural plants, which have recently been widely used due to the development of telecommunication technology. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted during the years 2020-2021 at the Research Farm of Tarbiat Modares University to investigate the effect of WiFi electromagnetic wave (WEW) on the seed germination and growth characteristics of camelina. Seeds were exposed to Wi-Fi electromagnetic radiation at 15 cm (ER 15) and 25 cm (ER 25) cm from the modem for 24 hours (Pre-sowing treatment). The results showed that the germination percentage of seeds treated with WEW decreased by 24%. and this decrease was observed among growth factors such as hypocotyl length (20-43%), number of siliques per plant (56%), thousand seed weight (43%). Conversely, the root length, plant height, seed per silique and dry plant weight were increased by 24.6, 60.9, 10.5 and 56.3% under WEW treatment, respectively. Overall, this study showed that grain yield was greatly affected by electromagnetic waves and increased by about 23.45%. In general, among all the growth parameters, the correlation of the GY was positive and significant with DPW (r=0.735*), PH (r=0.669*) and SPS (r=0.659*). This result highlights the necessity for a better understanding of the mechanisms of electromagnetic waves in crops to help better seedling establishment.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Water deficit stress is one of the key determinants causing crop yield losses globally. The prese... more Water deficit stress is one of the key determinants causing crop yield losses globally. The present study was conducted to effectively screen Desi chickpea genotypes based on early dehydration tolerance-related traits as a tool for further evaluation in field experiments. Sixty-four genotypes of Desi chickpea were assessed under progressive water deficit stress, resulting in high variability in early growth characteristics and traits. The clustering analysis with UPGMA, separated the genotypes into three major groups, in accordance with biplot analysis grouping. The highest root length density was observed in the MCC438 genotype with an 18.6-fold increase compared to MCC884 which showed the lowest root length density among all analyzed chickpea genotypes. The genotypes MCC32 and MCC539 produced the higher shoot and root dry weight, while MCC884 showed the lowest value (with 12-and 32.5-fold differences, respectively). Ten genotypes showed differences in terms of their overall response to the water deficiency stress, including eight tolerant genotypes (MCC320, MCC418, MCC425, MCC438, MCC539, MCC540, MCC560, MCC576) and two susceptible ones (MCC433 and MCC897), were selected for further investigation of various growth and physio-biochemical traits based on drought response indices. A clear distinction was observed among ten analyzed genotypes for some physio-biochemical traits, indicating their tolerant responses to drought stress. Drought-tolerant candidate genotypes showed higher indices of seedling growth parameters, proline content, RWC, membrane stability, and root-to-shoot ratio in comparison to drought-susceptible candidate genotypes. The genotypes MCC425, MCC438, MCC418, and MCC539 were found more drought tolerant in the seedling stages, whereas genotype MCC433 was more sensitive. These results were consistent with what was obtained in our preliminary study. However, these results should be addressed further in the field conditions.
Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024
Stevia plant is one of the most important medicinal plants used to control diabetes due to its sw... more Stevia plant is one of the most important medicinal plants used to control diabetes due to its sweetening properties and low calories. Stevia is cultivated in many parts of the world, and to increase its sweetening properties, the effects of many different factors have been tested on this plant. In this research, we investigated the effect of elements related to metal oxidants on the induction of molecular levels and transcription. Thus, the activity of 3 key genes named CPPS, HDS, and GGDPS in response to six different metal oxidants named Cro3, Pbo, Fe2O3, Ag2O, Bao, and Tio2 was carried out in this research. The results showed that the increased concentration of metal oxides, especially Fe2O3 and TiO2, escalates gene expression in the biosynthesis of sweeteners extracted from stevia leaves. Also, related to all treatments, the higher the concentration, the higher the gene expression. Among all metal oxide treatments, Pbo and Bao resulted in low gene expression for CPPS, HDS, and GGDPS genes. On the other side, control showed the lowest expression regarding all three surveyed genes, indicating that using metal oxides can achieve higher production of sweeteners in stevia plants. The results of this research determined that physiological characteristics are affected by metal oxide treatments. Also, the expression of genes effective in the production of steviol glycosides, which is one of the important sweetening factors of this plant in the leaves, increases under the influence of these treatments. As a result, it can be said that the use of these treatments can have an increasing effect on the amount of sweetening of the plant.
Uploads
Papers by Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops