ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ
ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱡᱮᱨ ᱜᱩᱸᱰᱟ. ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱯᱷᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱞ ᱱᱤᱥᱟ. ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟ.ᱣᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟ.ᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱫᱚ, ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱟᱬᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱞ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱩᱥᱨᱟ. ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱧᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚ, ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱐᱐ ᱵᱤ.ᱥᱤ. ᱨᱮ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱤᱛᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟ.ᱲᱭᱟ. ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱥᱤᱧ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱲᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱪᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱩᱨᱭᱟ.ᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱛᱤᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟ.ᱭᱠᱟ.ᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱤᱱᱟ.ᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱡ ᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱩᱦᱠᱮᱜ- ᱟ.ᱭᱠᱟ.ᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱫᱚᱞ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱮᱢᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱟᱞ-ᱜᱚᱯᱷᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱚᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱯᱷᱤ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱭᱮᱢᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱴᱷᱤᱭᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱫᱽ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱭᱮᱢᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱰᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱮᱱ ᱚᱢᱟᱨ Shadhili Sufi order ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱨᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱮᱱ ᱚᱢᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔᱐᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱫᱤᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱑]
᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱭᱛᱟᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱦᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱭᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱭᱮᱢᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱭᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱳᱢᱟᱞᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱵᱤᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱯᱴᱮᱱ ᱦᱮᱭᱱᱥ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱫᱮᱱ (᱑᱘᱓᱙ ⁇ ᱑᱘᱕᱔) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱑᱙᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱫᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱳᱪᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱳᱪᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱯᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱤᱴᱷᱤᱭᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱮᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱰᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒][᱓]
ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- ↑ https://books.google.com/books/about/First_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam.html?id=7CP7fYghBFQC#v=snippet&q=coffee%20history%20brill&f=false
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books/about/Coffee_and_Coffeehouses.html?id=MeXkAwAAQBAJ#v=snippet&q=coffee%20and%20coffeehouses%20much%20of%20his%20material&f=false
- ↑ https://archive.org/details/firstfootstepsi00burtgoog
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- Benjamin Joffe-Walt and Oliver Burkeman, The Guardian, September 16, 2005, "Coffee trail"—from the Ethiopian village of Choche to a London coffee shop.